Exam Qs Flashcards
1
Q
‘How significant was the emancipation of the serfs in 1861 to Russia’s economic growth, up to 1894?’
List 3 factors
A
1) increase incentive of peasants
2) the Mir
3) Problems with proposals within the emancipation edict.
2
Q
Significant’ examples.
1 – increased incentive of peasants
A
- Increased incentive promoted agricultural work which would benefit the economy.
- The terms of emancipation provided that serfs could set up their own businesses.
- Saw the rise of a new social class known as the kulaks which were enterprising peasants and managed to expand their land and produce surpluses which could in long term benefit the economy
- Free population, set up businesses.
- Able to buy and sell land.
- industrial workers – from 720 thousand to 2.8 million
3
Q
Mir - Not significant
A
- Redemption payments
- 6 percent for 49 years
- Restricted because of internal passports.
- Power of the mir was too strong and this reduced incentives
- Little scope for enterprising peasants, agricultural practices stayed the same and did not reform, this reduced incentive can limit production
4
Q
2.2- Problems with original proposals
A
- Later, the originally proposed norms were significantly reduced. If the pre-reform allotment was less than the established, one.
- On average, peasants received 3.3 tithes per male soul, which did not provide them with a living wage.
- Women were not given land.
- Difficult but making progress as it was hard due to the current state of the economy
- Many of the terms favoured the nobility over the peasants, as a lot of the debts of the landowners and nobles were put ob. the shoulders of the peasants which is shown through redemption payments
- Another of the injustices of the new land system was that the landowner left most of the grazing land and forests that serfs used to use freely. Now they had to be rented for a fee, which constantly created the basis for clashes between peasants and landowners.
- he Russian government did not invest a single Rouble in agrarian reform
