Exam Preparation Quiz Flashcards
M
sample mean
μ
population mean
SD
sample standard deviation
σ
population standard deviation
N
sample size
X
raw score
Independent measures
t-test
You want to compare a sample mean of group 1
to the sample mean of group 2 (note, members
in group 1 are not the same as members in
group 2)
Pearson’s correlation
coefficient
Is for measuring a relationship between two things. A Correlation Coefficient tells us about magnitude (strength) and direction. E.g. You are interested in the relationship between
smartphone addiction and anxiety
z-test
You want to compare a sample mean (M) to a
population mean, and dividing by the standard error (SE) of the mean. The population standard
deviation is known
Single sample t-test
You want to compare a sample mean (M) to a
population mean, but the population standard deviation is not known
Repeated meausres t-test
You want to compare the difference between
the participants scores at time 1 and participants scores at time 2
Matched subjects t-test
You want to compare a sample mean of group 1
to the sample mean of group 2 (note, members
in group 1 are considered equivalent (but are
not the same) to members in group 2)
What is the correct test to run based on SPSS data
Relationship between two scale variables
Correlation coefficient
What is the correct test to run based on SPSS data
One categorical variable, one continuous variable
Independent measures t-test
What is the correct test to run based on SPSS data
Difference between two scale variables
Repeated measures t-test
What is the correct test to run based on SPSS data
One scale variable
Single-sample t-test
Is there a difference between Stress at Time 1 and Stress at Time 2? The researcher should
run a __________________________ test. Because…
Repeated measures t-test. Because the question is referring to the difference between two scale variables
What if the question was ‘is there a relationship between Stress at Time 1 and
Stress at Time 2?’ What test would be appropriate to run to answer this
research question? __________
Correlation coefficient as the question is referring to the relationship between two scale variables
Is there a difference between men and women’s extraversion scores? The researcher should
run a __________________________ test
Independent measures t test as the question refers to one categorical variable (gender) and one scale variable (extraversion scores)
Is there a difference between sample optimism mean and population optimism mean (μ =
49)? The researcher should run a __________________________ test.
Single sample t-test as the question refers to comparing a sample mean to the population mean but the population standard deviation is not known
Carmen is interested in comparing her clinical sample mean score (M = 16) on the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Measure to the population mean (μ = 15). Carmen does not have the
population standard deviation (σ is not known)
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
single-sample t-test
Do men or women have higher narcissism scores? A researcher wants to compare men’s mean score (M = 25) on the Narcissism Personality Inventory to women’s mean score (M =
23).
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
Independent measures t-test
Thomas is interested if there is a mean difference between the sample depression mean (M = 40) and the population mean (μ = 45, σ = 5).
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
Z-test
Zoe is curious whether she has a higher aptitude score in verbal (X = 25, M = 28, SD = 5) or maths (X = 20, M = 23, SD = 3).
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
z-score (standardised score)
To test if classical music really does help people retain information whilst studying, a researcher recruits 10 participants. All participants attempt to memorise a list of words while no music plays, and the researcher then assesses how many words are remembered. The participants then all attempt to memorise a list of words while classical music plays, and the researcher then
assesses how many words are remembered.
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
Repeated measures t-test
Justin wants to know what percentage of the sample falls below a score of 8 (M = 10, SD = 3.5).
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
z-score
Danielle is interested in the relationship between alcohol consumption and
insomnia.
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
correlation coefficient
Sally is curious whether cats or dogs are more playful.
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
independent measures t-test
Do people dance more to ABBA or the Bee Gees? Kate recruits 20 participants and
assigns 10 to dance to ABBA and 10 to dance to the Bee Gees. Kate ensures each participant in one
group is equivalent to a participant in the other group on gender, age, and physical fitness,
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
matched-subjects t-tests
Rose is curious if her cat’s cuteness level (M = 26) is significantly different to the
population mean cuteness level (μ = 24).
single sample t-test
Marcus wants to test if caffeine consumption has an effect on stress levels. He
recruits 20 participants. All participants have no caffeine and complete a stress measure. All participants then have two cups of coffee and complete another stress measure. Marcus wants to
compare stress levels.
Which test/method/procedure should be used?
repeated-measures t-test
