Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Exam Papers > Flashcards

Exam Papers Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Relative atomic mass?

A

Average mass of an atom of the element relative to 1/12 the mass of carbon-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

EDTA

A

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hardness of water exp: suitable indicator

A

Solo chrome black T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alkanes formula

A

CnH2n+2

Single bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structural isomers

A

Compounds that’s have same molecular formula but different structural formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Alkene formula

A

CnH2n

Double bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alkynes formula

A

CnH2n-2

Triple bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ethanol reacting with

  1. Acidified potassium permanganate
  2. Fehlings reagent
  3. ammoniacial silver nitrate
A
  1. colour change purple to colorless
  2. brickred precipitate is formed
  3. silver mirror is formed
    * all repeat with propanone*

Ketones are not oxidized by neither of them all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s a choloalkane

A

Compound in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an Alkane molecule have been replaced by chlorine

E.g.

Monocholormethane
Dichloromethane
Trichloromethane
Tetrachloromethane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do alcohols have ?

A

-OH group called hydroxyl group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Functional group

A

An atom or a group of atoms which is responsible for the characteristic properties of an organic compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Alcohols formula

A

CnH2n+1OH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dsescirbe benzene

A

Carbon carbon bonds are intermediate between carbon carbon single and double bonds. That is shown by the circle inside the hexagon. Each corner represents a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Primary alcohol

A

One where the carbon atom joined to the OH group is attached to only ONE other carbon atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is methanol

A

Toxic

Added to alcohol to prevent people drinking it

Causes blindness and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Physical properties of alcohols

A

High boiling points

Completely miscible with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aldehyde

A

-CHO

-al at the end
E.g. Methenal

CnH2n+1CHO

Consist of carbonyl group c=o

Temporary dipoledipole bonds between aldehyde molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ketones

A 
O
         //
R---C
          \
           R

R are alkyl groups

End with -anone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is propanone and butanone ?

A

Ketones

Has carbon double bonded with carbon

Dipole dipole forces between ketones

Low boiling points

20
Q

Example of a structural isomer

A

Propanone and propanal

Propanone
O
||
H-C-C-C-H

Propanal
O
||
H-C-C-C-H

21
Q

Carboxylic acids

A 
O
 //
C
  \
   OH

CnH2n+1COOH

-oic acid “at the end”

22
Q

Boiling points

Low to high or ethane

A

Ethane
Ethanal
Ethanol
Ethanoic acid

23
Q

Ester

A 
O
     //
R-C
      \
       O-R'

Where R’ is an Alkyne group or the same

Ends with oate e.g. Methyle ethanoate

24
Q

Condensation reaction

A

Chemical reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with loos of a smaller molecule e.g. Water

25
Q

Steam distillation

A

Separation process used to isolate compounds at temperature below their decomposition temp

26
Q

Principle of steam distillation

A

Mixture of two immiscible liquids boils at a temperature below that of the boiling points of l each of the liquids.

Hot mixture of water vapor and oil is passed through a condenser and the distillate that is collected contains a mixture of oil and water

27
Q

Emulsion

A

Dispersion of small droplets of one liquids in another liquids in which in not soluble

28
Q

Why use gloves when handling eugenol

A

Can burn skin

29
Q

What is used to separate an emulsion

A

Liquid liquid extraction (solvent extraction)

30
Q

What is liquid liquid extraction

A

Technique in which to immiscible liquids are separated using a solvent (cyclohexane) in which one of the components (oil)of the mixture has a higher solubility than the other(water)

E.g. Organic component is removed by dissolving it in an organic solvent

31
Q

Experiment is the separation of clove oil

A

Cyclohexane floats in the emulsion (it is non polar organic solvent)

Cyclohexan floats because it’s less dense than water

•Shake funnel
•Clap again
•pour organic in a conical
•pour aqueous in a beaker
•repeat at least 3 times
As each of washing is carried out the emulsion becomes milky 
•anhydrous magnesium sulfate is added (MgSO4)into the cyclohexane solution 
*MgSO4 is a drying agent*
  • pass organic layer into comical flask add mgso4 and pour down a filter paper into a conical flask
  • in the conical flask is cyclohexane containing clove oil (we used mgso4 to clump and collect water)
  • place in a water bath in a fume cupboard (to boil cyclohexane out of the solution wth has a boiling point of 81c
32
Q

Substitution reaction

A

Chemical reaction in which an atom or atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or atoms

33
Q

What is it called when a atom is replaced by an atom

A

Substitution reaction

34
Q

What is a mechanism

A

A detailed Step by step description oh how the overall reaction occurs

35
Q

Chain reaction

A

Reaction that continues on and on because a product from one step is a reactant for another reaction

36
Q

What is when a h from oh has been replaced by alkyne group and the reverse of it

A

Esterification

Hydrolysis

37
Q

Additional reaction

A

Two or more molecule react to make a single molecule

38
Q

Polymers

A

Long chain molecules made by joining together small molecules

39
Q

How to dehydrate alcohol to make an alkene

A

Add Al2O3

40
Q

Principal of gas chromotograony

A

Gaseous mobile phase is in contact with a stationary phase and separation of the mixture occurs as a result of selective assonance of the components of the mixture on the stationary phase

41
Q

What’s a triad

A

Group of three elements with Sicilian chemical properties in which the atomic weight of the middle Element is approximately equal to the average of the two

42
Q

Mass number

A

Sum of protons and neutrons

43
Q

What is an isotope

A

Atoms of same element which have different mass number due to neutrons in the nucleus

44
Q

Sigma vs pi

A

Sigma-head on overlap of orbitals

Pi-sideways overlap of orbitals

45
Q

Seconds ionization energy

A

Energy required to remove an electron from a position ion in a gaseous state

46
Q

Processes in mass spectrometry

A

Vincent Is a Sad Dog

Vaporization: Turning liquids into gas

Ionization: Electron gun fires high energy electrons at the atoms or molecules of the sample gas. Electrons are knocked off these particles and positive ions are produced.

Accelerate: passed between negative plates . These attract positive ions and accelerate these ions to high speeds

Separation: curved magnetic field in which lighter particles are easy to detect and heavy are more difficult to detect therefore it’s split into a number of beams based to their masses

Detection: positive ion fall in a very sensitive detector that responds to the number of ions hitting it. It sends a series of leaks called mass spectrum

Chemistry (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions