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Patient Care II > Exam III (Final) > Flashcards

Exam III (Final) Flashcards

1
Q

Types of cement:

A
  1. zinc phosphate
  2. zinc oxide eugenol
  3. zinc polycarboxylate
  4. glass ionomer
  5. resin-modified glass ionomer
  6. provisional cements
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2
Q

Its important to note that cement will perform to its optimal level clinically without an ____ that includes ___ & ____

A

adequate preparation; good resistance & retention form

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3
Q

Why should you read the instructions for cement carefully?

A

because mixing, handling, and physical properties vary

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4
Q

What are some characteristics that we are looking for in a good cement? (8)

A
  1. biocompatibility
  2. retention
  3. mechanical properties
  4. marginal seal
  5. low film thickness
  6. ease of use
  7. radiopacity
  8. esthetics
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5
Q

What mechanical properties are we looking for in a good cement?

A

withstand occlusal forces & high tensile strength

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6
Q

What is the first cement that appears in dental literature?

A

zinc-phosphate cement

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7
Q

What cement is the gold standard that other cements are compared to?

A

zinc phosphate

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8
Q

What are the advantages of zinc phosphate cement (4)

A
  1. think film thickness & proven reliability
  2. low solubility which resists breakdown in the mouth
  3. low thermo-conductivity (less sensitivity to hot and cold)
  4. long shelf life
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of zinc phosphate cement? (6)

A
  1. Initial low pH- can lead to pulpal irritation
  2. no chemical adhesion/bond
  3. no antibacterial properties
  4. poor esthetics (for all porcelain)
  5. Long setting time
  6. Exothermic
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10
Q

Describe the setting time for zinc phosphate cement:

A

long setting time- (2.5-8 min)

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11
Q

Describe the exothermic reaction that occurs with zinc-phosphate cement:

A

exothermic reaction- chilled glass slab necessary when mixing, small amount of powder added to liquid

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12
Q

There are two types of ZOE which differ in their:

A

properties and uses

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13
Q

ZOE:

A

zinc oxide eugenol

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14
Q

Less strong and is used for temporary restorations and for temporary cementation:

A

Type 1 Zinc Oxide Eugenol

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15
Q

Reinforced and stronger, referred to as an intermediate restorative. Can last for 6-12 months in the mouth. Used of a tooth that cannot be restored immediately (IRM)

A

Type 2 Zinc Oxide Eugenol

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16
Q

Describe the strength of ZOE type 1 and what it might be used for:

A

Less strong; temporary cementation

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17
Q

What is an example of ZOE type 1:

A

Temp-bond

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18
Q

Describe the strength of ZOE type 2 and what it might be used for:

A

reinforced and stronger, used for a tooth that cannot be restored immediately (IRM)

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19
Q

What type of ZOE might be referred to as an intermediate restorative?

A

Type II

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20
Q

A type 2 ZOE can last for ____ in the mouth.

A

for 6-12 months

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21
Q

Benefits of ZOE include: (3)

A
  1. neutral pH
  2. Has sedative or soothing effect on dental pulp
  3. Protective or insulating base or liner is NOT required
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22
Q

What is the pH of ZOE?

A

neutral pH

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23
Q

Describe the effect of ZOE on pulp:

A

sedative or soothing

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24
Q

What is not required with a ZOE?

A

protective or insulating base or liner

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25
What are the disadvantages of ZOE?
Cannot be used under composite or acrylic restorations
26
Why can't a ZOE be used under composite or acrylic restorations?
eugenol is incompatible with composite and acrylic and also retards their setting processes
27
The type and intended use of the ZOE material determines whether:
The powder is incorporated into the liquid of all at once
28
What is the mixing time for a ZOE?
30-60 seconds
29
What is the setting time for ZOE?
approximately 3-5 minutes
30
Cement that was developed in 1968 to circumvent pulpal problems associated with pH:
Zinc polycarboxylate
31
Zinc polycarboxylate was developed to circumvent ____ problems associated with _____.
pulpal problems; low pH
32
What was the first cementing system to obtain adhesive agents that bonded to enamel & dentin?
Zinc polycarboxylate
33
Zinc polycarboxylate is the first cementing system to obtain an adhesive agent that bonded to:
enamel & dentin
34
zinc polycarboxylate has ____ action
antibacterial action
35
What is the working time for zinc polycarboxylate?
2-5 min
36
Describe the "mixing" of zinc polycarboxylate:
Needs to be mixed quickly (30-40 sec)
37
In polycarboxylate the powder is incorporated in:
large quantities
38
Describe the fragility of zinc polycarboxylate compared to zinc phosphate:
Zinc polycarboxylate is not as fragile as zinc phosphate
39
Disadvantages of zinc polycarboxylate: (4)
1. can have poor marginal sealing 2. sometimes doesn't support occlusal stress 3. will bond to most alloys but not gold 4. due to potential for plastic deformation, it is much more difficult to remove excess cement
40
Why can zinc polycarboxylate have poor marginal sealing?
due to film thickness
41
Polycarboxylate doesn't support _____ as well as newer cements
occlusal stress
42
Polycarboxylate will bond to most _____ but not to ____
most alloys; gold
43
Due to polycarboxylates potential for ___, it is much more difficult to ____.
plastic deformation; remove excess cement
44
Although polycarboxylate bonds well to _____, it's use has lessened over the years
enamel/dentin
45
Durelon is an example of:
zinc polycarboxylate
46
Glass Ionomer is known as:
acid-base cement
47
Part of the success of gas ionomer cements is their performance is good even if:
they have not been properly mixed
48
Describe the film thickness of glass ionomer:
very thin
49
Glass ionomer is extremely _____ but fairly _____.
extremely moisture tolerable; fairly soluble
50
What is one of the most important advantages of glass ionomer?
fluoride release; it can be sustained of for long period of time
51
Describe the fluoride release of glass ionomer: (3)
- can be sustained for long periods of time - initial rapid release followed by a sustained lower level diffusion release - fluoride release increases in acidic conditions which raises the pH
52
Glass ionomer helps protect the tooth ___ from ____
tooth/margins; further tooth decay
53
Describe the radiopacity of glass ionomer:
radiopaque
54
What are uses of glass ionomer? (3)
1. liner 2. luting agent 3. build-up material
55
glass ionomers contain _____ for strength
silver particles
56
This was formed in the early 1990's to overcome the high solubility of glass ionomers:
Resin-modified glass ionomer
57
Resin modified glass ionomers are glass ionomers with ____ added to them
hydrophilic methacrylate monomers
58
Resin modified glass ionomers are considered a ____ cement
acid-base
59
Benefits of resin-modified glass ionomers have what benefits:
all the same benefits of glass ionomer cements
60
What are the disadvantages of resin-modified glass ionomers?
Low early strength and moisture sensitivity during setting
61
How long does it usually take for a resin-modified glass ionomer to set?
usually 24 hrs for the final set
62
For glass ionomers in general, the working time can affect the ____
film thickness
63
for glass ionomers in general, the working time can affect the film thickness, so longer working times allow ____ and will aid in ____.
more flow; aid in seating the restoration
64
For glass ionomers in general, once the material begins to set, the ____ rises rapidly and ___ becomes impossible
viscosity; flow
65
For glass ionomers in general, it is extremely important that mixing and placement of the cement is complete within:
2-2.5 minutes
66
Key role is keeping the temporary restoration on the tooth while the patient is waiting for the final restoration to return from the lab
provisional/temporary cement
67
A provisional/temporary cement needs to be:
easily removed without harm
68
Most provisional/temporary cements have ____.
eugenol (ZOE)
69
Most provisional/temporary cements have eugenol (ZOE)- although eugenol can have a negative effect on ____ & ____.
acrylic resins & composite resin cements
70
What is the purpose of eugenol in a provisional/temporary cement?
antibacterial effect
71
What are 3 types of provisional/temporary cements?
1. temp-bond 2. ultra-temp 3. relyx temp
72
What questions do we ask ourselves when selecting a provisional/temporary cement?
1. How long 2. How retentive 3. What permanent cement will be used in future 4. Are we working in an esthetic zone

Patient Care II (3 decks)

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