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Patient Care II > Exam I > Flashcards

Exam I Flashcards

1
Q

General classification found in most individuals:

A

Normal (WNL)

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2
Q

General classification not present in all individuals but still within normal limits (a variation of normal)

A

Atypical

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3
Q

of wisdom teeth and tori would be an example of what general classification?

A

Atypical

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4
Q

General classification associated with infection, trauma, neoplastic growth, or errors in development

A

Pathologic

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5
Q

Oral cancer would be and example of what general classification?

A

Atypical

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6
Q

Plegia =

A

Paralysis

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7
Q

Paresis =

A

Weakness

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8
Q

Paralysis on one side, usually from a stroke:

A

Hemiplegia

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9
Q

Paralysis on both sides:

A

Paraplegia

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10
Q

Weakness on one side:

A

Hemiparesis

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11
Q

Weakness on both sides:

A

Paraparesis

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12
Q

Presence of abnormal, uncoordinated movements (without order)

A

Ataxic gait

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13
Q

A type of gait that describes signs and symptoms of diseases without reference to a specific disease:

A

Ataxic gait

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14
Q

What would these symptoms correlate with?

Lack of proper coordination, unsteadiness, stumbling, falling, lack of muscle coordination, and ambulating difficulties:

A

Ataxic gait

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15
Q

What might be some causes for an ataxic gait? (4)

A
  1. Alcohol
  2. Stroke
  3. MS
  4. Brain disorder
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16
Q

Motor disturbances- resting tremors, small shuffling steps:

A

Parkinsonian gait

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17
Q

Tremor, rigidity, postural instability, hypokinesia, and freezing gait would all be characteristics of:

A

Parkinsonian gait

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18
Q

Short or tall=

A

Stature

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19
Q

Thin or obese=

A

Habits

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20
Q

Where the outer eyelids meet:

A

Outer canthus

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21
Q

Where inner eyelids meet:

A

Inner canthus

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22
Q

Wing of nose=

A

Ala

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23
Q

Above upper lip=

A

Philtrum

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24
Q

Thick fold between face and ears=

A

Tragus

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25
Q

Nose in between eyes (T-zone)=

A

Nasion

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26
Q

Protruding mandible (severe underbite)=

A

Prognathic

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27
Q

Mandible sits behind the maxilla (severe underbite)=

A

Retrognathic

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28
Q

In a _____ mandible, it can be hard to check occlusion:

A

Retrognathic

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29
Q
  • most common
  • middle 2/3 of face
  • won’t heal
  • usually benign
  • more than 3 million cases for year
A

Basal cell carcinoma

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30
Q
  • irregular borders
  • crusty
  • persistent thick rough scaly patches that may bleed
  • comprises 90% of all oral cancer
A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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31
Q
  • multiple colors (pigmented)
  • irregular borders
  • flat or slightly raised borders
  • asymmetrical
  • high infiltrative
A

Melanoma

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32
Q

Aggressive lesions that have only vertical growth:

A

Modular melanoma

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33
Q

What is the most common skin lesion?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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34
Q

How many cases per year for basal cell carcinoma?

A

More than 3 million

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35
Q

What type of cancer comprises 90% of all oral cancers?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

36
Q

What skin cancer(s) are characterized by irregular borders?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma & melanoma

37
Q

If a cancer is described as crusty of thick rough and scaly, it is probably:

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

38
Q

What are the major lymph node groups?

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Axillary
  3. Inguinal
  4. Internal
39
Q

Can you palpate internal lymph nodes?

A

No

40
Q

A soft and moveable lymph node would be described as:

A

Healthy

41
Q

A firm, tender, enlarged, warmed, fixed, and redness of the overlying skin when describing a lymph node would be categorized as:

A

Unhealthy; infected lymph node

42
Q

Cancer of a lymph node (lymphoma) would be classified as:

A

Primary malignancy

43
Q

Lymph node cancer involvement as a result of metastasis:

A

Secondary malignancy

44
Q

Any abnormality in size, consistency and # of lymph nodes:

A

Lymphadenopathy

45
Q

The most common lymphadenopathy:

A

Cervical

46
Q

When describing a lymphadenopathy, its important to note: (5)

A
  1. Location
  2. Size
  3. Tenderness
  4. Consistency
  5. Mobility
47
Q

Cervical lymph node just below the chin:

A

Submental

48
Q

Cervical lymph nodes of about 3-6 nodes, beneath the mandible

A

Submandibular

49
Q

Largest group of lymph nodes in the cervical chain due to drainage. These decrease in size with age.

A

Tonsillar/jugulodigastric

50
Q

Cervical lymph node group anterior to the ear:

A

Preauricular

51
Q

Cervical lymph node group posterior to the ear:

A

Postauricular

52
Q

Cervical lymph node group located near the base of the skull:

A

Occipital

53
Q

Cervical lymph node group that lies on top and beneath the SCM

A

Anterior cervical chain

54
Q

Cervical lymph node group located in hollow above clavicle:

A

Supraclavicular

55
Q

Cervical lymph node group located posterior to the SCM but anterior to the trapezius:

A

Posterior cervical chain

56
Q

Location of thyroid gland:

A

Inferior to larynx and superior to clavicles

57
Q

Is the thyroid gland palpable?

A

Most often it is not

58
Q

If someone places fingers on either side of Adam’s apple, slides just below it, and asks the patient to swallow while feeling the structure rise and drop and feeling for asymmetry, they are examining the:

A

Thyroid gland

59
Q

Inferior to nose, middle of upper lip area:

A

Philtrum

60
Q

The colored outline of the lips:

A

Vermillion border

61
Q

Corners of the mouth:

A

Comissures

62
Q

What lip landmark is a common area for disease to show up:

A

Comissure

63
Q

Vesicle filled contagious lesion of the lip:

A

Herpetic lesion

64
Q

A crusted over, scabbed lesion of the lip that is not contagious:

A

Herpetic lesion

65
Q

When are Herpetic lesions of the lip contagious?

A

When they are vesicle filled

66
Q

Irritation that occurs in the converse of the mouth:

A

Angular cheilitis

67
Q

Angular cheilitis is usually caused by what microorganism?

A

Candida

68
Q

TMD affects _____ of the US

A

20%

69
Q

TMD affects ______ % women

A

85.4

70
Q

TMD is common in _____ but more prevalent in ___/

A

Adults; teens and children

71
Q

These symptoms are characteristic of:

  • joint pain
  • headaches
  • tinnitus
  • insomnia
  • neck aches
  • temp sensitive teeth
A

TMD

72
Q

Temperature sensitive teeth is the first sign of:

A

Brutish

73
Q

What are common causes of TMD? (7)

A
  1. Bruxism
  2. Clenching
  3. Stress
  4. Malocclusion
  5. Arthritis
  6. Trauma
  7. Stimulants
74
Q

What are the diagnostic classes for TMD?

A
  1. Muscles
  2. Soft tissue of the joint
  3. Hard tissue of the joint
75
Q

What is the most common area of the pain for TMD?

A

Muscles

76
Q

If someone is having referred pain in the temporalis it is most likely caused by a defect in the:

A

Anterior teeth

77
Q

If someone is have referred pain to the masseter there is most likely an issue with the:

A

Posterior teeth

78
Q

When palpating the TMJ, palpate the bony prominence _____ to the ear, and have the patient _____.

A

Anterior; open & close

79
Q

When palpating the TMJ, we are looking/ hearing for:

A

Deviations, sounds, tenderness, and limitations

80
Q

When examining TMD, we may see excess:

A

Tooth mobility

81
Q

When examining TMD, we may see _____ radiographically

A

Widened PDL

82
Q

________ in the abscence of perio disease is a sign of TMD.

A

Migration

83
Q

Buccal mucosal _____ and lateral tongue _____ are signs of TMD.

A

Ridging; scalloping

84
Q

What are the treatments for TMD? (6)

A
  1. Night guards/ brutish splints
  2. Medications
  3. PT
  4. Soft food diet
  5. Hot or cold compress
  6. Surgery (last resort)
85
Q

What is the purpose of nighguards/bruxism splints for TMD treatment:

A

Redistribute occlusal forces and relax masticatory muscles to stabilize the joint

Patient Care II (3 decks)

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