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Medical Biochemistry > Exam II Multiple Choice > Flashcards

Exam II Multiple Choice Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

As NAD+ levels increase, PDH activity…
* Increases
* Decreases
* Does not change

A

increases

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2
Q

How many net ATPs are produced from the complete oxidation of glucose in type 2 muscle (using the G3P shuttle)? Assume aerobic conditions.
* 2
* 10
* 30
* 32

A

30

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3
Q

The ATP yield from electrons shuttled into the mitochondria from cytosolic NADH would be higher with which of the following shuttle systems…
* Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
* Citrate-pyruvate shuttle
* Phospho-creatine shuttle
* Malate-aspartate shuttle

A

Malate-aspartate shuttle

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4
Q

Mitochondrial content is ____ in type 1 skeletal muscle compared to type 2 skeletal muscle.
* Higher
* Lower
* No different

A

higher

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT a PDH coenzyme?
* FAD
* NAD+
* CoA
* Ascorbic Acid

A

Ascorbic Acid

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6
Q

Capillary content is _____ in type 1 skeletal muscle compared to type 2 skeletal muscle.
* Higher
* Lower
* No different

A

higher

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7
Q

Myoglobin content is _____ in type 1 skeletal muscle compared to type 2 skeletal muscle.
* Higher
* Lower
* No different

A

lower

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8
Q

The speed and force of muscle contraction is ____ in type 1 skeletal muscle compared to type 2 skeletal muscle.
* Higher
* Lower
* No different

A

lower

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9
Q

All of the following are products of glycolysis EXCEPT…
* NADH
* ATP
* Pyruvate
* FADH2

A

FADH2

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10
Q

How many ATPs are produced from the complete oxidation of glucose in type 1 muscle (using malate-aspartate shuttle)? Assume aerobic conditions.
* 2
* 10
* 30
* 32

A

32

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11
Q

The ATP yield per glucose molecule is likely _____ in type 1 skeletal muscle.
* Higher
* Lower
* No different

A

higher

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12
Q

How many ATPs can be potentially generated from lactate during aerobic conditions?
* 2.5
* 5
* 10
* 15

A

15

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13
Q

How many ATPs are produced from the oxidation of one glucose molecule under anaerobic conditions?
* 2
* 4
* 30
* 32

A

2

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14
Q

All of the following are produced by the TCA cycle EXCEPT…
* CO2
* GTP
* NADH
* Pyruvate

A

pyruvate

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15
Q

When activated by phosphorylation, ChREBP _____ the expression of GLUT4.
* Increases
* Decreases

A

increases

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16
Q

Cellular fructose uptake is facilitated by _____.
* GLUT1
* GLUT2
* GLUT4
* GLUT5
* SGLT1

A

GLUT5

17
Q

If NADH levels in the cell decreases, this would cause glycolytic flux to…
* Increase
* Decrease
* Not change

A

increase

18
Q

Compared to the fasted state, glycogen synthase will be _____ phosphorylated 1-2 hours after a meal.
* More
* Less
* No different

A

less

19
Q

In type 2 muscle tissue, how many protons establish the proton motive force, across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the complete oxidation of 2 glucose molecules?
* 1.5
* 2.5
* 4
* 104
* 208

A

208

20
Q

When the ATP:ADP ratio is high, assuming substrate is available, glycolytic activity is also high.
* True
* False

A

false

21
Q

When the ATP:ADP ratio is high, the NADH to NAD ratio is also high.
* True
* False

A

true

22
Q

In a healthy individual, at rest, ~30 minutes into the postprandial state following a high carbohydrate meal, protein phosphatase 1 is active.
* True
* False

A

true

23
Q

As the AMP:ATP ratio increases, glycolytic flux generally _____.
* Increases
* Decreases
* Does not change

A

increases

24
Q

When activated by phosphorylation, ChREBP _____ the expression of glucose-6-phosphate.
* Increases
* Decreases

A

decreases

25
Q

In a healthy individual, at rest, ~30 minutes into the post prandial state following a high carbohydrate meal, PFK1 is active.
* True
* False

A

true

26
Q

Glucokinase (HK IV) is negatively allosterically regulated by its product, glucose-6-phosphate.
* True
* False

A

false

27
Q

NADPH is necessary for palmitate (fatty acid) synthesis. In which of the following biochemical pathways is it produced?
* Glycolysis
* Glycogenesis
* Hexose Monophosphate Shunt
* Glycogenolysis

A

Hexose Monophosphate Shunt

28
Q

Compared to the fasted state, AMPK will be _____ phosphorylated 1-2 hours after a meal.
* More
* Less
* No differently

A

less

29
Q

The phosphofructokinase reaction is a rate limiting step and committed step in glycolysis.
* True
* False

A

true

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT a point of regulation in glycolysis?
* Hexokinase
* Pyruvate Kinase
* Aldolase
* Phosphofructokinase

A

aldolase

31
Q

When ATP:ADP ratios are high, the NADH to NAD ratio is also high.
* True
* False

A

true

Medical Biochemistry (4 decks)

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