Exam II Lecture 12 EBM Mahoney Flashcards

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1
Q

Number needed to treat

A

How many patients must be treated to see either a benefit or harmful effect.

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2
Q

Number needed to treat (NNT) in a random control trial

A

Subtract the Control event rate - the Experimental Event Rate (EER)

1/ CER-EER

CER and EER need to be in percentages.

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3
Q

What NNT (Number needed to treat) is considered good?

A

If the number needed to treat is <4

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4
Q

Equation for number needed to harm (NNH)

A

1/ EER - CER

Experimental event rate - Control event rate

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5
Q

The higher the number needed to harm (NNH) the…..

A

Better!

In contrast, the number needed to treat must be low (<2) to be considered good.

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6
Q

What is the statistic of choice for case controlled studies?

A

Odds ratio!!

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7
Q

What is the clinical definition of the odds ratio?

A

The ratio of the odds of having the adverse outcome in the treatment group relative to the odds of having an adverse in the control group.

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8
Q

What odds ratio will indicate a bad outcome caused by the treatment?

A

Odds ratio greater than 1 beans that the bad outcome is caused by the treatment.

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9
Q

What does it mean if the odds ratio is 1?

A

The adverse event is no more likely to occur with than without the exposure.

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10
Q

Odds ratio that indicates the bad outcome is prevented by the treatment?

A

<1

It is related to the number needed to treat (NNT)

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11
Q

How do you determine the PEER or Patient Expected evet rate?

A

of control patients having the adverse event / # of control patients not having the adverse effect (Bottom two boxes)

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