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RUSVM Gross Anatomy II > Exam II - Canine Head > Flashcards

Exam II - Canine Head Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Digastricus
  • Pterygoid
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2
Q

Which muscle acts to open the mouth?

Which cranial nerve(s) provide innervation to this muscle?

A

Digastricus m.

Mandibular branch of Trigeminal n (CN V) and Facial n (CN VII)

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3
Q

List the lingual muscles. These muscles are all innervated by which cranial nerve(s)?

A
  • Styloglossus m.
  • Hyoglossus m.
  • Genioglossus m.

All innervated by CN XII: Hypoglossal n.

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4
Q

Genio- is a prefix meaning _______

A

*Genio- *is a prefix meaning chin

Example: Geniohyoideus m.

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5
Q

Mylo- is a prefix meaning _______

A

*Mylo- *is a prefix meaning molar

Example: Mylohyoideus m.

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6
Q

Which thin, flat muscle is the most superficial facial muscle?

A

Platysma m.

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7
Q

The molar salivary gland is only found in which species?

A

feline.

The molar salivary gland is on the lingual side of the last lower premolars.

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8
Q

Which lymphatic structure is found rostral to the parotid sliavary gland?

A

parotid lymph node

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9
Q

Which lymphatic structure straddles the linguofacial vein?

A

mandibular lymph node

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10
Q

Which lymphatic structure is found between the wing of the atlas and the larynx?

A

**retropharyngeal lymph node **(medial and lateral)

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11
Q

Name the gland that may be removed unintentionally if you are surgically extracting the thyroid gland

A

parathyroid gland

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12
Q

_________ laterally connects soft palate to nasopharynx

A

palatopharyngeal arches laterally connect soft palate to nasopharynx

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13
Q

_________ laterally connects tongue to soft palate

A

palatoglossal arches: laterally connects tongue to soft palate

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the larynx?

A

Protects trachea against food aspiration, and aids in breathing and phonation

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15
Q

A rapid narrowing and widening of the glottis by fast twitch muscles in the feline is also known as _________

A

purring

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16
Q

List the 4 cartilaginous structures of the Larynx

A
  • Epiglottic cartilage
  • Arytenoid cartilage
  • Thyroid cartilage
  • Cricoid cartilage
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17
Q

Which muscle(s) of the larynx tense(s) the vocal fold (phonation)?

A

cricothyroideus

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18
Q

Which muscle(s) of the larynx open(s) the glottis?

A

**cricoarytenoideus dorsalis **

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19
Q

Which muscle(s) of the larynx close(s) the glottis?

A

cricoarytenoideus lateralis

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20
Q

Which muscle(s) of the larynx relax(s) the vocal fold & contrict the glottis?

A

thyroarytenoideus

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21
Q

The __________ supports the tongue and acts as attachments for lingual mm.; supports the larynx

A

hyoid apparatus

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22
Q

The opening to the _________ duct is at the 4th premolar

A

The opening to the parotid duct is at the 4th premolar

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23
Q

The circular opening at the front of the skull where the nose would be is the ___________

A

nasal aperture

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24
Q

The rostral alar foramen is connected to the caudal alar foramen by a tube called the _________

A

Alar canal

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25
Q

The location where the nasal cavities open into the nasopharynx is referred to as the _________.

A

Choanae

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26
Q

Which tooth is also called the Superior shearing tooth?

A

4th premolar

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27
Q

The _____________ pierces cheek mucosa to drain serous fluid into buccal vestibule

A

parotid salivary gland

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28
Q

This is the largest lymph node of the head and neck. When inflamed, ability to swallow is affected

A

medial retropharyngeal lymph node

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29
Q

This laryngeal cartilage forms a complete ring that lies partially within the trough of the thyroid cartilage

A

cricoid cartilage

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30
Q

The cuneiform process is found on which laryngeal cartilage?

A

Arytenoid cartilage

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31
Q

The _______ consists of the vocal folds, the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages, and the rima glottidis

A

The glottis consists of the vocal folds, the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages, and the rima glottidis

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32
Q

The __________ is the narrow passageway through the glottis.

A

rima glottidis

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33
Q

If an animal is unable to close its eye when the veterinarian is touching its cornea, it probably has an injury to which nerve?

A

facial nerve

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34
Q

The _______ nerve crosses the pterygoid muscles and enters the cheek lateral to the zygomatic salivary gland

A

The buccal nerve crosses the pterygoid muscles and enters the cheek lateral to the zygomatic salivary gland

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35
Q

The mandibular and sublingual glands open in the oral cavity at the ____________

A

sublingual caruncle

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36
Q

The geniohyoideus m. is innervated solely by which nerve?

A

hypoglossal n.

37
Q

The ________ muscle is responsible for retraction of the upper lip

A

caninus m.

38
Q

Identify the nerve indicated by the red arrow.

A

auriculopalpebral n.

39
Q

Identify the nerve indicated by the red arrow.

A

auriculotemporal n.

40
Q

Identify the nerve indicated by the red arrow.

A

dorsal buccal n.

41
Q

Identify the structure indicated by the red arrow.

A

parotid duct

42
Q

Identify the nerve indicated by the red arrow.

A

ventral buccal n.

43
Q

Identify the muscle indicated by the red arrow.

A

digastricus m.

44
Q

Identify the nerve indicated by the red arrow.

A

hypoglossal n.

45
Q

Identify the maxillary vein

A

There it is

46
Q

Identify the external jugular vein

A
47
Q

Locate the masseter muscle

A
48
Q

Locate the digastricus m.

A
49
Q

Locate the facial v.

A
50
Q

Locate the lingual vein

A
51
Q

Locate the linguofacial v.

A
52
Q

Locate the zygomatic arch

A
53
Q

Locate the palpebral n.

A
54
Q

Locate the ventral buccal n.

A
55
Q

Locate the parotid duct

A
56
Q

Locate the mandibular lymph node

A
57
Q

Locate the mandibular salivary gland

A
58
Q

Locate the parotid salivary gland

A
59
Q

Locate the buccinator m.

A
60
Q

Locate the temporalis m.

A
61
Q

Identify the infraorbital n.

A
62
Q

Identify the monostomatic sublingual salivary gland

A
63
Q

Locate the orbital ligament

A
64
Q

Locate the facial nerve

A
65
Q

Locate the accessory nerve

A
66
Q

Locate the facial vein

A
67
Q

Identify the external sagittal crest

A
68
Q

Identify the temporal fossa

A
69
Q

Identify the zygomatic bone

A
70
Q

Identify the coronoid process

A
71
Q

Locate the condylar process

A
72
Q

Locate the zygomatic salivary gland

A
73
Q

Locate the pterygoid muscle

A
74
Q

Locate the caudal auricular a.

A
75
Q

Locate the facial vein

A
76
Q

Locate the maxillary artery

A
77
Q

Locate the medial retropharyngeal lymph node

A
78
Q

Locate the palatoglossal fold

A
79
Q

Locate the thyrohyoideus

A
80
Q

Locate the zygomatic muscle

A
81
Q

Whther it is large animal or small animal, the opening of the parotid duct is always at the level of ______________

A

4th premolar

82
Q

In dogs with chronic dental disease, which lymph node would you normally see enlarged?

A

mandibular lymph node

83
Q

The **pharynx **is divided into three parts. Name them:

A
  • Oropharynx
  • Nasopharynx
  • Laryngopharynx
84
Q

The ________ is a protective mechanism that closes off the opening of the trachea so that when we are eating, food does not get into the trachea

A

larynx

85
Q

What do we notice in the feline larynx that is different than the canine?

A

Felines do not have cuneiform or corniculate proccesses of the arytenoid cartilage

86
Q

When passing an endotracheal tube, you pass it through the __________.

The __________ forms the seal around the endotracheal tube.

A

When passing an endotracheal tube, you pass it through the rima glottidis.

The glottis forms the seal around the endotracheal tube.

87
Q

List the 4 cartilaginous structures of the larynx

A
  • Epiglottic cartilage
  • Arytenoid cartilage
  • Thyroid cartilage
  • Cricoid cartilage
88
Q

In laryngeal hemiplagia, we may have opening of the glottis on one side but not the other. Clinically, on which side do we tend to see this more often? Why?

A

We tend to see this more often on the left side.

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is wrapping around the aortic arch, has more pressure associated with it, and has a longer distance to travel, making it more prone to damage.

89
Q

What is the main job of the hyoid apparatus?

A

to support the tongue and act as an attachment for lingual muscles

RUSVM Gross Anatomy II (23 decks)

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