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Applied Anatomy I > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

normal ROM for elbow flexion

A

150 degrees

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2
Q

normal ROM for elbow extension

A

0 degrees

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3
Q

normal ROM for elbow pronation

A

80 degrees

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4
Q

normal ROM for elbow supination

A

80 degrees

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5
Q

normal ROM for wrist flexion

A

80 degrees

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6
Q

normal ROM for wrist extension

A

70 degrees

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7
Q

normal ROM for radial deviation

A

20 degrees

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8
Q

normal ROM for ulnar deviation

A

30 degrees

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9
Q

normal ROM for MCP flexion

A

90 degrees

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10
Q

normal ROM for MCP extension

A

45 degrees

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11
Q

normal ROM for PIP flexion

A

100 degrees

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12
Q

normal ROM for PIP extension

A

0 degrees

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13
Q

normal ROM for DIP flexion

A

90 degrees

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14
Q

normal ROM for DIP extension

A

0 degrees

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15
Q

normal ROM for MCP abduction

A

no norm

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16
Q

normal ROM for MCP adduction

A

no norm

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17
Q

normal ROM for CMC extension

A

20-80 degrees

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18
Q

normal ROM for CMC flexion

A

15 degrees

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19
Q

normal ROM for CMC abduction

A

70 degrees

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20
Q

normal ROM for CMC adduction

A

0 degrees

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21
Q

what are the primary and secondary flexors of the elbow?

A 
primary
(1) biceps
(2) brachialis
(3) brachioradialis
secondary
(1) pronator teres
(2) ECRL
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22
Q

what position is the biceps brachii stronger as a flexor of the forearm?

A

supinated (think biceps curl)

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23
Q

in addition to flexing the forearm, what does the biceps brachii flex?

A

the long head flexes the shoulder

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24
Q

what are the primary and secondary extensors of the elbow?

A

primary
(1) triceps
secondary
(1) anconeus

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25
Q

what are the primary and secondary pronators of the elbow?

A 
primary
(1) pronator teres
(2) pronator quadratus
secondary
(1) flexor carpi radialis
(2) brachioradialis
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26
Q

what are the primary supinators of the elbow?

A

primary

(1) biceps brachii
(2) supinator

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27
Q

what are the primary and secondary flexors of the wrist?

A 
primary
(1) flexor carpi radialis
(2) flexor carpi ulnaris
(3) palmaris longus
secondary
(1) flexor digitorum superficialis
(2) flexor digitorum profundus
28
Q

what are the primary and secondary extensors of the wrist?

A 
primary
(1) ECRL
(2) ECRB
(3) extensor carpi ulnaris
secondary
(1) extensor digitorum
(2) extensor digiti minimi
(3) extensor indicis
29
Q

what are the primary and secondary ulnar deviators of the wrist?

A 
primary
(1) extensor carpi ulnaris
(2) flexor carpi ulnaris
secondary
(1) extensor digiti minimi
(2) flexor digitorum profundus
30
Q

what are the primary and secondary radial deviators of the wrist?

A

primary

(1) ECRL
(2) ECRB
(3) FCR
(4) abductor pollicis longus
(5) extensor pollicis brevis

31
Q

chronicnerveinflammationmayleadtowhat in areas of the skin innervated by sensory nerves?

A

hypersensitivity and allodynia

32
Q

what is allodynia?

A

pain with touch

33
Q

what is a myotome?

A

a muscle or group of muscles served by a single nerve root

34
Q

what is a dermatome?

A

the area of skin supplied by a single nerve root

35
Q

what is a sclerotome?

A

area of bone or fascia supplied by a single nerve root

36
Q

what is a deep tendon reflex (DTR)?

A

a brisk contraction of a muscle in response to a sudden stretch induced by a sharp tap on the tendon at the insertion of the muscle

37
Q

how are myotomes graded?

A

0-5; same as MMTs

38
Q

what do myotomes test?

A

gross muscle movements, not individual muscles

39
Q

what is hyporeflexia?

A

an absent or diminished response to DTR

40
Q

what is hyperreflexia?

A

the hyperactive or repeating (clonic) response to DTR

41
Q

how do you grade DTR?

A

Grade 0 = no response; always abnormal
Grade 1 = a slight but definitely present response; may or may not be normal
Grade 2 = a brisk response; normal
Grade 3 = a very brisk response; may or may not be normal
Grade 4 = hypertonic. a tap elicits a repeating reflex (clonus); always abnormal

42
Q

how to differentiate between a spinal nerve and peripheral nerve issue?

A

muscular issues

  • if a gross movement is affected, more likely to be myotome or SPINAL nerve
  • if an individual muscle is affected (using MMT), more likely to be a PERIPHERAL nerve
43
Q

when hyperreflexia presents, where does that indicate the lesion is located?

A

CNS Lesion

44
Q

when hyporeflexia presents, where does that indicate the lesion is located?

A

Peripheral Nerve lesion

45
Q

C1-C2 myotome

A

neck flexion

46
Q

C3 myotome

A

neck side flexion

47
Q

C4 myotome

A

shoulder/scapular elevation

48
Q

C5 myotome

A

shoulder abduction / ER

49
Q

C6 myotome

A

elbow flexion or wrist extension

50
Q

C7 myotome

A

elbow extension or wrist flexion

51
Q

C8 myotome

A

thumb extension or ulnar deviation

52
Q

T1 myotome

A

hand intrinsics

53
Q

C1 dermatome

A

anterior/superior cranium

54
Q

C2 dermatome

A

posterior cranium

55
Q

C3 dermatome

A

lateral upper-mid cervical spine

56
Q

C4 dermatome

A

superior and lateral shoulder

57
Q

C5 dermatome

A

lateral arm

58
Q

C6 dermatome

A

lateral thumb

59
Q

C7 dermatome

A

dorsal midline of hand

60
Q

C8 dermatome

A

ulnar forearm/hand

61
Q

T1 dermatome

A

medial elbow

62
Q

DTR test for biceps

A

C5-C6

63
Q

DTR test for brachioradialis

A

C6

64
Q

DTR test for triceps

A

C7-C8

65
Q

which muscles produce scapular retraction?

A

(1) middle traps

(2) rhomboids

66
Q

which muscles produce downward rotation of the scapula? (4)

A

(1) pec minor
(2) rhomboids
(3) levator scapulae
(4) lats

67
Q

what muscles upwardly rotate the scapula?

A

(1) serratus anterior

2) traps (upper and lower together

Applied Anatomy I (4 decks)

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