Exam II Flashcards
Class III anti-arrhythmetic drugs
K+ channel blockers
Delay repolerization therefore increased AP ie cell less excitable
Solatol
Amiodorone
Class 1A antiarrythmetic
Block fast Na+ channels
Prolongs AP making cell less excitable
Quinidine
Procainamide
Class 1B anti arrythmetics
Black fast Ana channels
Shorten AP
Lidocaine
Mexiletine
Class 1C anti-arrhythmetics
Block fast NA channels
No change AP
Flecainide
Propafenone
Class II anti-arrhythmetics
B blockers
Dec HR and contractility
Atenolol
Propranolol
Esmolol
Solatol
Class IV antiarrhytmetic
Ca+ channel blockers
Dec HR and contractility
Verapamil
diltiazem
amlodipine
Selective B1 blockers (class II anti arithmetics)
Atenolol
Esmolol
Class II antiarryhtmetic (nonselective B blocker) that crosses BBB
Propranolol
Arteriodialators
Reduce afterload
Hydrazaline (inc cGMP)
Verapamil (block ca channels)
Diltiazem (WEAK - block ca channels)
Amlodipine (block ca channels)
Venodialators
Reduce preload
Nitroglycerin Nitrorusside sodium (also arteriodialator)
Both inc NO
Mixed vasodialators
Decrease afterload and preload
Nitroprusside sodium (inc NO)
Sildenafil (inhibit PDE5)
Enalapril
Benazpril
Both via ACE inhibition (prevent angiotensin II fxn)
Positive ionotropes
Digoxin (cardiac glycoside) Dopamine (catecholamine) Dobutamine (synthetic catecholamine) Amrinone and milronone (PGE3 inhibitor) Pimobendan (ca+ sensitized)
Digoxin
Cardiac glycoside
(inhibit Na/K ATPase)
WEAK + inotrope
Vagal influence to decrease HR and firing rate (ie - chronotrope and dromatrope)
MOi: increase inracellular Ca2+
Tx: atrial fibrillation pump failure or DCM
-:arrhythmia vomit GI azotemia
(Hypokalemia make toxicity worse)
Pimobendan
+ ionotrope = inc CO
Increased affinity of traps in C to Ca sensitizing apparatus to enhance contractility
Weak ionotrope that has vagal influence that decreases HR
Ie weak positive ionotrope because concurrent negative chronotrope
Digoxin
This positive ionotrope increases the sensitivity of ca2+ causing increased contractility
Pimobendan
Only class II antiarythmetic that crosses BBB with 1/2 life <2hrs
Propranolol
Non selective beta blockers used as CII antiarthmetics
Propranolol and solatol
B1 selective beta blockers used as CII antiarthmetics
Atenolol
Esmolol
Weak arteriodialator
Via blocked Ca channels
Diltiazem
Arteriodialators via blocked Ca channels
Verapamil
Amlodipine
Diltriazam (weak)
Mixed vasodialators via ACE inhibition
Enalapril
Benazepril
Mixed vasodialators cia PDE5 inhibition
Sildenafil
Which anti fungal should not be given to cats with FIV FelV
Griseofluvin
Which antifungal can be used for pulse therapy
Itraconazole
Which anifungal mostly used in large animals
Iodides
Which antifungal selective for dermatophytes
Griseofluvin
Which antifungal is the first choice for small animal sporotrichosis …. large animal?
Intraconazole
Iodides
What is amphotericin B not effective against
Aspirgillus
What is ketoconoazole not effective against
Spirotrichosis esp cats
Which antifungal has the best CNS and ocular distribution
Fluconazole
What does the fungicidal antifungal terbinafine target
Squalene epoxidase
Superficial mycosis
What is the safest azole that is well tolerated in cats
Fluconazole
Which injectable anesthetic has a high percentage of propylene glycol that can cause hemolysis as well as swapping and gagging during induction but is chosen for relatively stable CV effects
Etomadate
