Exam II Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a major source of genetic diversity in organisms?
A. Mutation
B. Non-random mating
C. Genetic Drift
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
E. None of the above
Which best describes a change to the DNA sequence of an organism?
A. Bottleneck
B. Founder effect
C. Recombination
D. Mutation
E. Natural selection
D. Mutation
Assortative mating produces more homozygotes, and inbreeding is an extreme example. True or false?
True
Large populations are more susceptible to genetic drift altering their genotype frequencies. True or false?
False
What is the best term for describing advantages in survival and reproduction?
A. Founder effect
B. Fitness
C. Natural selection
D. Directional selection
E. None of the above
B. Fitness
Which type of natural selection would produce a trait over time with less variation?
A. Disruptive
B. Directional
C. Stabilizing
D. Directional Selection
E. None of the above
C. Stabilizing
Which of the following is FALSE about prokaryotes?
A. Includes archaea & bacteria
B. No nucleus
C. Circular DNA
D. Metabolically diverse
E. None
E. None
Bacteria are a type of prokaryote with peptidoglycan cell walls and only 1 RNA polymerase. True or false?
True
Which of the following would you not find in the protistans?
A. Unicellular photoheterotroph
B. Unicellular chemoheterotroph
C. Colonial photoautotroph
D. Multicellular photoautotroph
E. Colonial chemoautotroph
E. Colonial chemoautotroph
What molecule is fixed by photosynthesis to produce sugars?
A. Water
B. Chlorophyll
C. Carbon Dioxide
D. Carbohydrate
E. None of the above
C. Carbon Dioxide
What molecule provides the electrons to replace those lost from chlorophyll during light reactions?
A. Water
B. Chlorophyll
C. Carbon Dioxide
D. Carbohydrate
E. None of the above
A. Water
A chemoautotroph gets its carbon from carbon dioxide and its energy from inorganic molecules. True or false?
True
Which two groups of organisms are entirely chemoheterotrophs?
A. Animals and Protists
B. Protists and Plants
C. Plants and Fungi
D. Fungi and Animals
E. None
D. Fungi and Animals
Which two types of metabolism involve acquiring energy from sunlight?
A. Photoautotroph & Chemoautotroph
B. Photoheterotroph & Chemoheterotroph
C. Photoautotroph & Chemoautotroph
D. Photoautotroph & Photoheterotroph
E. None of the above
D. Photoautortoph & Photoheterotroph
Which two groups of organisms have cells surrounded by cell walls?
A. Animals and Protists
B. Protists and Plants
C. Plants and Fungi
D. Fungi and Animals
E. None
C. Plants and Fungi
Briefly describe what the following characteristics of animals mean.
Gonochoristic or hermaphroditic
Gonochoristic: have 2 separate sexes (male & female)
Hermaphroditic: can alternate sexes or be both sexes as 1
Briefly describe what the following characteristics of animals mean.
External or internal fertilization
External: when fertilization happens outside of the body (ex: eggs)
Internal: when fertilization happens inside the body
Briefly describe what the following characteristics of animals mean.
Symmetry
Symmetry: the different variations in which an object can be divided into mirror images (bilateral, pentaradial, radial, asymmetrical, & biradial)
What is a fifth characteristic of animals that is not listed before?
Animals are multicellular
What are the 3 embryonic tissue layers of a triploblastic animal?
~ endoderm
~ mesoderm
~ ectoderm
Match the characteristics on the right with the groups of organisms on the left. (one answer per group)
____ Archaea A. Chemoheterotrophic only
____ Protista B. Photoautotrophic
____ Fungi C. Nerve tissue
____ Plantae D. Extremophiles
E. Mostly unicellular but some colonial or
multicellular
F. Chemophototrophic
D. Extremophiles
E. Mostly unicellular but some colonial or multicellular
A. Chemoheterotrophic only
B. Photoautotrophic
Match the structure on the right with the groups of organisms on the left.
____ Sponges A. Acoelomate
____ Jellyfish B. Cnidocyte
____ Flatworms C. Choanocyte
____ Nematodes D. Open circulatory system
E. S-shaped movement
F. Schizocoely
C. Open circulatory system
B. Cnidocyte
A. Acoelomate
E. S-shaped movement
Match the description of body form on the right with the organisms on the left.
___ Annelida
___ Platyhelminthes
___ Porifera
___ Molluskia
A. No tissue; vaselike; feeding layer internally
B. Triploblastic; eucoelomate; radially symmetrical
C. Eucoelomate; open circulatory system; ventral foot
D. Eucoelomate; segmented; bilateral symmetry
E. Radially symmetrical; diploblastic; gastrovascular
cavity
F. Triploblastic; acoelomate; bilateral symmetry
D. Eucoelomate; segmented; bilateral symmetry
F. Triploblastic; acoelomate; bilateral symmetry
A. No tissue; vaselike; feeding layer internally
C. Eucoelomate; open circulatory system; ventral foot
Match the description of lifestyle on the right with the organisms on the left.
___ Cnidaria
___ Molluska
___ Annelida
___ Nematoda
A. Mostly marine; predatory; polyp & medusa forms
B. Dorsoventrally flattened; many parasitic;
complex life cycles
C. Marine, freshwater, terrestrial; highly varied
feeding; includes bacteria
D. Extremophiles; cell walls; very rare
E. Ubiquitous; many parasitic; very abundant
F. Rasping tongue; mostly marine & freshwater;
mantle cavity
A. Mostly marine; predatory; polyp & medusa forms
F. Rasping tongue; mostly marine & freshwater; mantle cavity
C. Marine, freshwater, terrestrial; highly varied feeding;
includes bacteria
E. Ubiquitous; many parasitic; very abundant
Which of the following does not occur in the mantle cavity of a mollusk?
Radula
Nephridiopore
Gills
Anus
Radula
Which of the following is serial repetition of parts?
Triploblasty
Enterocoely
Tagmatism
Segmentation
Segmentation
Which of the following is the stage of a cnidarian that sexually reproduces?
Polyp
Larva
Medusa
Gamete
Medusa
Which of the following is an example of a flatworm?
Clonorchis
Obelia
Lumbricus
Homo
Clonorchis
Which of the following is radially symmetrical?
Roundworm
Flatworm
Sponge
Anemone
Anemone
Which of the following would sting someone running into a jellyfish?
Nematocyst
Epithelium
Choanocyte
Amebocyte
Nematocyst
Which of the following would be parasitic?
Tapeworm
Earthworm
Anemone
Bivalve
Tapeworm
Which of the following would be a filter feeder?
Gastropod
Bivalve
Cephalopod
Tooth shell
Bivalve
