Exam I Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a type of biodiversity?
A. Species diversity
B. Functional diversity
C. Keystone diversity
D. Ecosystem diversity
C. Keystone diversity
Which species concept focuses on the anatomical appearance of organisms?
A. Morphological
B. Evolutionary
C. Ecological
D. Reproductive
E. None of the above
A. Morphological
If species diversity is increasing, which of the following must be true?
A. Anagenesis is higher than cladogenesis
B. Speciation rate is higher than extinction rate
C. Extinction rate is higher than speciation rate
D. Divergence is higher than parallelism
E. None
B. Speciation rate is higher than extinction rate
During a mass extinction, S>E. True or false?
False
What kind of biodiversity would focus on the ecological roles performed by different species?
A. Species diversity
B. Functional diversity
C. Keystone diversity
D. Ecosystem diversity
B. Functional diversity
From which group of organisms have biologists described the most number of species?
A. Plants
B. Bacteria
C. Fungi
D. Viruses
E. Arthropods
E. Arthropods
If given no other information, where would you expect to find the most species in a large group of organisms, like plants or flies or fishes?
A. Nidus
B. Hot spot
C. Mediterranean biome
D. Tropics
E. Tundra
D. Tropics
Cichlid fishes in the lakes of the African Rift Valley are an example of which of the following?
A. High endemism
B. High extinction
C. Overlapping ranges
D. Latitudinal gradient
A. High endemism
Coral reefs are an example of which of the following?
A. High endemism
B. High extinction
C. Overlapping ranges
D. Latitudinal gradient
C. Overlapping ranges
What do nitrogen fixers do?
A. Convert N2 into NH3+
B. Convert NH3+ into N2
C. Concert NH3+ into amino acids
D. Convert NH3+ into NO32-
E. None of the above
A. Convert N2 into NH3+
An organism that fixes carbon is doing which of the following?
A. Decomposing organic material
B. Being an herbivore
C. Photosynthesizing
D. Remineralizing
C. Photosynthesizing
A keystone species is a very abundant and common organism, usually an herbivore, that has very little effect on an ecosystem except to use other organisms as substrate. True or false?
False
Which of the following tends to positively correlate with increasing species diversity?
A. Redundancy
B. Productivity
C. Habitat diversity
D. All of these
E. None of these
D. All of these
Which of the following is NOT a contribution of Darwin to evolutionary biology?
A. Common descent
B. Natural selection
C. Convergence
D. Population level change
C. Convergence
Embryological similarities among organisms is good evidence of what aspect of evolution?
A. Common descent
B. Parallel evolution
C. Saltation
D. Anagenesis
E. All of these
A. Common descent
Disruptive selection and polyploidy are ways in which sympathetic speciation can occur. True or false?
True
What kind of reproductive isolation is established when mating rituals differ between species?
A. Ecological
B. Behavioral
C. Post-zygotic
D. Temporal
E. Hybrid inviability
B. Behavioral
If members of two species mate in the wild but their offspring are never born, jay kind of reproductive isolation is occurring?
A. Temporal
B. Ecological
C. Gametic
D. Hybrid inviability
E. Hybrid infertility
D. Hybrid inviability
Match the type of organism listed on the left with its description on the right.
___ Filter feeder
___ Commensal
___ Primary producer
___ Herbivore
___ Omnivore
___ Decomposer
___ Parasitoid
A. Feeds on many different kinds of organisms
B. Uses another organism as a substrate without feeding on it
C. Feeds on primary producers
D. Kills its host organism as larvae develop in it
E. Feeds on parts of its prey, e.g., leeches and mosquitoes
F. Creates water currents and captures food particles from them
G. Photosynthetic
H. Infects other organisms; uses them as habitat
I. Feeds on animals; oftentimes scavengers
J. Remineralizes organic matter
F. Creates water currents and captures food particles from them
B. Uses another organism as a substrate without feeding on it
G. Photosynthetic
C. Feeds on primary producers
A. Feeds on many different kinds of organisms
J. Remineralizes organic matter
D. Kills its host organism as larvae develop in it
List 3 general ways in which descendent species can diverge from each other.
~ Morphologically
~ Behaviorally
~ Life history
Provide the evolutionary term below to match the description.
___ Structures that the same evolutionary origin
___ A feature that is no longer functional but left over from an ancestor
___ Evolutionary change within a single lineage or species
___ Type of speciation in which geographical isolation is required
___ Evolution in which traits get increasingly different from each other
~ Homologs
~ Vestigal
~ Anagenesis
~ Allopatric
~ Divergence
