Exam idk LMAO

Question 1

Nociceptor sare stiumlated by? and are sensitive to?

Answer 1

tissue damage and low oxygen.
Bradykinin

Question 2

Thermoreceptors respond temperatures between
Cold and Heat

Answer 2

41 - 95 C
86 - 113 C

Question 3

Mechanoreceptors include? and are detected by

Answer 3

light touch
- Meisinner’s corpuscles in hairless portions of the skin
- by root hair plexus

discriminative touch
- merkel’s disks

pressure
- pacinian

Question 4

Interoceptors supply

Answer 4

Visceroreceptors
- nociceptors
- baroreceptors: detects change in blood pressure
- chemoreceptors: detects in chemical concentration in blood
- osmoreceptors: hypothalamus detect body fluid concentration (hypertonic vs hypotonic)
- glucoreceptors : hypothalamus detect blood sugar levels.

Proprioceptors
- golgi tendon organs detect excessive muscle tension
- muscle spindles detect stretch and movement of muscle tissue.

Question 5

Lacrimal glands contains

Answer 5

lysozomes that digests bacteria cell walls
meibomian glands that provides tears with an oil film to reduce evaporation

Question 6

Control of lacrimal gland (pathway)

Question 7

Rectus muscles are

Answer 7

superior, inferior , medial lateral.

Question 8

Nerve supply for superior, inferior, medial rectus

Answer 8

oculomotor nerve

Question 9

nerve supply for lateral recuts

Answer 9

abducens nerve

Question 10

Oblique muslces are

Answer 10

superior oblique and inferior oblique

Question 11

Superior oblique nerve and function

Answer 11

Trochelar nerve: moves eye down and laterally

Question 12

Inferior oblique nerve and function

Answer 12

Oculomotor nerve: moves eye up and laterally.

Question 13

Conjunctiva function and inflammation

Answer 13

transparent muscous membrane covering sclera. produces mucus to keep the eye moist.

inflammation: conjuctivitis (pink eye)

Question 14

fibrous layer: Sclera function

Answer 14

maintain eye shape

Question 15

fibrous layer: Cornea and Clinical aspect

Answer 15

transparent, refracts light for focusing
contains pain and touch receptors
clinical: glaucoma results from blocked aqueous humor drainage at the canal of schelmn.

Question 16

Vascular layer: Choroid

Answer 16

supplies nutrients, prevents light reflection with melanin

Question 17

Vascular layer: Ciliary body
Accomodation reflex

Answer 17

contains ciliary muscles controlling lense shape through suspensory ligaments

distant vision: lens flattens
close vision: lens rounds

Question 18

vascular layer: iris

Answer 18

controls light entry through the pupil
muscles:
sphincter pupillae: constricts pupil (para)
dilator pupillae : dilates pupil (symp)

Question 19

Lens and disorders

Answer 19

flexible.
becomes less flexible with age : presbyopia
disorder: cataracts (clouding of lense)

Question 20

Retina and the central structure

Answer 20

contains photoreceptros
rods: dim light
cons: bright light

Fovea: high density cones for sharp vision
Optic disc: blind spot where optic nerve exits