Exam idk LMAO Flashcards
Nociceptor sare stiumlated by? and are sensitive to?
tissue damage and low oxygen.
Bradykinin
Thermoreceptors respond temperatures between
Cold and Heat
41 - 95 C
86 - 113 C
Mechanoreceptors include? and are detected by
light touch
- Meisinner’s corpuscles in hairless portions of the skin
- by root hair plexus
discriminative touch
- merkel’s disks
pressure
- pacinian
Interoceptors supply
Visceroreceptors
- nociceptors
- baroreceptors: detects change in blood pressure
- chemoreceptors: detects in chemical concentration in blood
- osmoreceptors: hypothalamus detect body fluid concentration (hypertonic vs hypotonic)
- glucoreceptors : hypothalamus detect blood sugar levels.
Proprioceptors
- golgi tendon organs detect excessive muscle tension
- muscle spindles detect stretch and movement of muscle tissue.
Lacrimal glands contains
lysozomes that digests bacteria cell walls
meibomian glands that provides tears with an oil film to reduce evaporation
Control of lacrimal gland (pathway)
Rectus muscles are
superior, inferior , medial lateral.
Nerve supply for superior, inferior, medial rectus
oculomotor nerve
nerve supply for lateral recuts
abducens nerve
Oblique muslces are
superior oblique and inferior oblique
Superior oblique nerve and function
Trochelar nerve: moves eye down and laterally
Inferior oblique nerve and function
Oculomotor nerve: moves eye up and laterally.
Conjunctiva function and inflammation
transparent muscous membrane covering sclera. produces mucus to keep the eye moist.
inflammation: conjuctivitis (pink eye)
fibrous layer: Sclera function
maintain eye shape
fibrous layer: Cornea and Clinical aspect
transparent, refracts light for focusing
contains pain and touch receptors
clinical: glaucoma results from blocked aqueous humor drainage at the canal of schelmn.
Vascular layer: Choroid
supplies nutrients, prevents light reflection with melanin
Vascular layer: Ciliary body
Accomodation reflex
contains ciliary muscles controlling lense shape through suspensory ligaments
distant vision: lens flattens
close vision: lens rounds
vascular layer: iris
controls light entry through the pupil
muscles:
sphincter pupillae: constricts pupil (para)
dilator pupillae : dilates pupil (symp)
Lens and disorders
flexible.
becomes less flexible with age : presbyopia
disorder: cataracts (clouding of lense)
Retina and the central structure
contains photoreceptros
rods: dim light
cons: bright light
Fovea: high density cones for sharp vision
Optic disc: blind spot where optic nerve exits
