Exam 3 Chapter 12

Question 1

Cerebrum 4 lobes and functions

Answer 1

1. frontal = reasoning and thought
2. parietal = integrates sensory information
3. temporal = process auditory information from ears
4. occipital= processing visual information from the eyes

Question 2

Cerebellum location and function

Answer 2

located below the cerebrum

= muscle coordination
= balance
= posture
= muscle tone

Question 3

Diencephalon location and whats in diencephalon

Answer 3

location: above midbrain and below cerebrum
- thalamus : directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum

• hypothalamus : controls and regulates temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep and blood vessel constriction and dilation. ALSO EMOTIONS
  –> also contains many important nuceli: mamillary bodies
• Epithalamus: contains pineal gland and secretes melatonin

Question 4

Midbrain location and function

Answer 4

• Located below Cerebrum
• responsible for eye and auditory reflexes

Question 5

Pons

Answer 5

Located below mindbrain
responsible for certain reflex actions : sleep cycle, dreams, facial expression

Question 6

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 6

Located at the bottom of the brainstem . connects to the spinal cord

regulates heart and blood vessel
digestion, respiration, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, blood pressure

Question 7

Lateral ventricles location

Answer 7

Large C-shaped chambers located deep in each hemisphere.

separated by membranous septum pellucidum

Question 8

Third ventricles lies in?

Answer 8

diencephalon.

Question 9

Fourth ventricle lies in?

Answer 9

hindbrain

Question 10

4 area of cortex of frontal lobe

Answer 10

• primary motor cortex
• premotor cortex
  -brocas area
• frontal eye field

Question 11

What cells are in the primary motor cortex?

Answer 11

Pyramidal cells (neuron)
- allow conscious control of movement.

Question 12

Premotor cortex

Answer 12

helps plan movement.

Question 13

list all sensory areas

Answer 13

• primary somatosensory cortex
• somatosensory association cortex
• visual areas
• auditory areas
• gustatory cortex
• visceral sensory area
• vestibular cortex
• olfactory cortex

Question 14

from the sensory areas, which ones are in insula?

Answer 14

• gustatory cortex
• visceral sensory area
• vestibular cortex

Question 15

Each hemispheres basal nuclei:

Answer 15

• Caudate nucleus
• Putamen
• Globus pallidus

Question 16

Three regions of the brain stem

Answer 16

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 17

Functional brain systems

Answer 17

• limbic system
• reticular formation

Question 18

What is Fornix

Answer 18

in the limbic system and is a fiber tract that link limbic system regions

Question 19

Spinal Chord 4 regions

Answer 19

• cervical
• thoracic
• lumbar
• spinal nerves
  : afferent spinal nerve –> carries information from body to brain
  : efferent spinal nerve –> carries information from the brain to the body

Question 20

what is sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 20

sympathetic: stress response
parasympathetic: rest and relaxed

Question 21

White matter is?

Answer 21

Neuron axons that carry information

Question 22

Gray matter / cortex

Answer 22

outside of the brain where it is lined with neuron cell

Question 23

Corpus Callosum

Answer 23

connect the two hemispheres of the brain

Question 24

Limbic system: Amygdala

Answer 24

invovled with fearful and anxious emotions

Question 25

Hippocampus?

Answer 25

next to and interconnected with amygdala . has more to do with memory

Question 26

Parahippocampal Gyrus

Answer 26

memory

Question 27

What is in the insula cortex?

Answer 27

• gustatory cortex: taste
• visceral sensory area: upset stomatch or full bladder
• vestibular cortex: awareness of balance. position of head in space.

Question 28

What is meninges

Answer 28

Membranes on the brain <3

Question 29

What are the layers in meninges

Answer 29

• dura mater
• arachnoid mater
• pia mater

Question 30

What CT is dura mater? and the three main septa

Answer 30

fibrous CT
- flax cerebri: longitudinal fissure
- falx cerebelli: along vermis f cerebellum
- tentorium cerebelli

Question 31

What is the arachnoid mater and tell me whats within it

Answer 31

middle layer of the meninges with web like extension.
- subarachnoid space ( contains CSF)
- arachnoid granulations

Question 32

what is the pia mater?

Answer 32

most inner layer of the meninges. delicate CT that clings tightly to brain. contains many tiny blood vessels that feed brain

Question 33

What is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 33

• ## forms liquid cushion of constant volume around brain.

Question 34

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located?

Answer 34

in the parietal lobe.
receives general sensory of skin , joints, tendons, etc

Question 35

where and what is the calcarine sulcus

Answer 35

contains the primary visual cortex / occipital lobe. it interprets the shape, intensity , color, size, and mapping of an object in the visual field

Question 36

Cingulate Gyrus

Answer 36

arc shaped and lies on the cerebral hemisphere. a part of limbic system.

connects sensroy input to emotions.
emotional responses to pain

Question 37

Postcentral gyrus

Answer 37

in the lateral paritel lobe. and is in the primary somatosensory cortex.

receives and integrates snesnory infomation in terms of touch, pain, temp, vibration

Question 38

Caudate nucleus

Answer 38

center of the brain and plays a role in planning the execution of movement, learning, memory, emotions, etc

Question 39

Putamen

Answer 39

outer part of the nucleus of brain. learning and motor control, speech, language function, reward.

Question 40

Globus pallidus

Answer 40

control consciousness and movement.

Question 41

DSSPTVRR

Question 42

list the correct order of he flow of CSF

Answer 42

Left lateral ventricle
Interventricular foramen
Third ventricle
Cerebral aqueduct
Fourth ventricle
Lateral & median apertures
Subarachnoid space
Arachnoid granulations