EXAM I LA and Pain Control Flashcards
___ is the dental procedure that produces the greatest negative response in children
injection
even the youngest child treated in the dental office normally has no contraindications for the use of ___
local anesthetic
what color band is articaine HCL 4% w/epi 1:100,000?
gold
what color band is bupivicaine 0.5% w/epi 1:200,000?
blue
what color band is lidocaine HCL 2%?
light blue
what color band is idocaine HCL 2% w/epi 1:50,000?
green
what color band is lidocaine HCL 2% w/epi 1:100,000?
red
what color band is mepivacaine HCL 3%?
tan
what color band is mepivacaine HCL 2% w/levonordefrin 1:20,000?
brown
what color band is prilocaine HCL 4%?
black
what color band is prilocaine HCL 4% w/epi 1:200,000?
yellow
what is the “rule of 25” as it applies to anesthetic administration?
for healthy patients, a dentist can safely use 1 cartridge of anesthetic for every 25 pounds of patient weight
what is the maximum dosage of lidocaine 2% w/epi 1:100,000?
1 carp (1.8ml) per every 18 pounds of body weight
what is the maximum dosage of articaine 4% w/epi 1:100,000?
1 carp (1.8ml) per every 22 pounds of body weight
the maximum amount of LA agent needs to be reduced if the patient is receiving a supplementary dose of ___; why?
- enteral or parenteral sedative agent for behavioral management
- the action of the sedative has an additive depressive effect on the CNS and CV systems, and can initiate overdose consequences
what is the significance rating for the summation interactions of local anesthetics (ex. lidocaine plus articaine), what is the interaction, and how can it be avoided?
- major
- toxicity of LAs are additive
- total dose of all administered LAs should not exceed the maximum recommended dose of the drugs
what is the significance rating for LAs with opioid sedation (ex. LA with demerol), what is the interaction, and how can it be avoided?
- major
- may increase the risk of LA overdose
- minimize the dosage of the LA
what is the administration criteria for 2-stage anesthetic injections?
- place topical at the site of injection for 1 min
- administer 0.5ml of LA
- wait 5 min
- administer 2ml of LA at the same injection site over 1 min
studies show that children may experience less pain with which injection technique?
2-stage anesthetic injection technique
what is used for intrapulpal injections?
brutacaine
what is kovanaze, and what is it used for?
- a needleless, intranasally administered spray combination of the esther anesthetic tetracaine HCL plus the vasoconstrictor oxymetazoline HCL
- for regional maxillary anesthesia
- pulpal anesthesia on teeth 4-13, and A-J (children should weigh >40kg or 88lbs)
is the mandibular foramen in children located at a level higher or lower than the primary occlusal plane?
lower
therefore, the injection must be made slightly lower and more posterior than for an adult patient
what is the average depth of insertion for an inferior alveolar block for a child?
about 15mm, but that varies with the size of the mandible and age of the patient
how can the lingual nerve be blocked?
during administration of the inferior alveolar nerve block, if anesthetic is deposited as the needle is withdrawn, it will anesthetize the lingual nerve
