EXAM I Eruption of Teeth Flashcards
a variety of developmental defects that are evident after eruption can be related to systemic and local factors that influence ___ and ___
matrix formation and the calcification process
tooth eruption is influenced by which hormones?
- growth hormone
- thyroid hormone
- parathyroid hormone-related protein
- deficiency in any of these can cause a delay in tooth eruption
in terms of tooth development, when do teeth start to move toward occlusion?
at approximately the time of crown completion
for permanent teeth, what is the interval from crown completion and the beginning of eruption until the tooth is in full occlusion?
approximately 5 years
do teeth typically reach occlusion before or after root development is complete?
before
is tooth eruption more closely associated with the stage of root formation or with the chronologic/skeletal age of the child?
stage of root formation
what is the most common eruption sequence of mandibular permanent teeth? what about maxillary?
- mandibular: 1M, CI, LI, C, 1P, 2P, 2M
- maxillary: 1M, CI, LI, 1P, 2P, C, 2M
what is the most commonly encountered deviation from normal eruption time?
delayed tooth eruption (vs. premature eruption)
what is the relationship between primary eruption time and permanent eruption time?
- the earlier primary teeth erupt, the earlier permanent teeth will erupt, and vice versa
- this is not always the case
does it matter how fast or slow primary teeth are lost?
- if a patient is older when they get their permanent teeth (aka older when they lose primary teeth), they are more likely to take better care of them
- possible eruption issues or issues with jaw development
- may not have problems at all
what is the influence of premature loss of primary molars on eruption time of their successors?
- primary molars lost before age 4-5 = delayed premolar eruption
- primary molars extracted after age 5 = decrease in delay of premolar eruption
- at age 8-10, premolar eruption is accelerated as a result of loss of primary teeth
because of their slow growth and well-differentiation, odontomas are generally considered to represent ___ rather than ___
hamartomas rather than true neoplasms
are space maintainers necessary if primary incisors are removed/lost prematurely?
no
in genearl, from canine to canine, it is not likely that the patient will lose space (only for posterior teeth)
is lingual eruption of mandibular permanent incisors prior to loss of primary incisors considered normal? what is the treatment?
- yes - can be a result of roots that have not undergone resorption, or the primary teeth are only held in place by soft tissues
- treatment is not needed - spontaneous correction (labial migration) usually occurs by about age 8
- however, sometimes the parents or patient will want the primary teeth extracted, and that is ok
what are actual signs and symptoms of teething (as opposed to signs and symptoms that parents perceive as related to teething)?
- daytime restlessness
- increase in finger sucking or rubbing of gingiva
- increase in drooling
- possibly some loss of appetite
what is the treatment for an eruption hematoma?
- generally, treatment is not needed
- if needed, you can cut the top of the hematoma to open it up enough to let the tooth underneath erupt
___ is described as a tiny spicule of nonviable bone overlying the crown of an erupting permanent molar just before or immediately after the emergence of the tips of the cusps through the oral mucosa
eruption sequestrum
it is composed of dentin and cementum, as well as a cementum-like material formed within the follicle
___ are teeth present at birth
natal teeth (mostly mandibular incisors)
___ are teeth that erupt in the first 30 days of life
neonatal teeth (mostly mandibular incisors)
most prematurely erupted teeth (immature type) are hypermobile due to ___
limited root development
when should a prematurely erupted tooth be removed?
if it is mobile to the extent that there is a danger of displacement and possible aspiration
___ is the result of a sharp incisal edge of a prematurely erupted tooth that causes laceration of the lingual surface of the tongue
riga-fede disease
the tooth may have to be removed
which teeth are most often observed to be ankylosed?
mandibular primary molars
what is the cause of ankylosed teeth?
- the root resorption process is interrupted by periods of inactivity
- during these periods, a reparative process takes place
- a solid union often develops between the bone and the primary tooth, and extensive bony ankylosis may prevent normal exfolation
what is the treatment for an ankylosed primary tooth?
- the best treatment is to just keep an eye on it
- if needed (caries problem or loss of arch length), the tooth may need to be surgically extracted
what is the treatment for an ankylosed permanent tooth?
- first try removing the soft tissue and bone covering the occlusal aspect, and the area should be packed with surgical cement to provide a pathway for the developing permanent tooth
- may have to use a luxation technique
what is a common eruption problem with down syndrome?
- delayed eruption, which may follow an abnormal sequence
- also, some primary teeth may be retained until 15 years of age
children with down syndrome tend to have lower ___ rates but a higher prevalence and extent of ___ and ___, and higher oral colonization of ___ than in non down syndrome children
- decay
- gingivitis and periodontal disease
- candida albicans
are natal or neonatal teeth more of a problem?
natal teeth
___ are formed along the midpalatine raphe, and are considered remnant of epithelial tissue trapped along the raphe as the fetus grew
epstein pearls
___ are formed along the buccal and lingual aspects of the dnetal ridges and on the palate away from the raphe; they are considered remnants of salivary gland tissue and are histologically different from epstein pearls
bohn’s nodules
___ are found on the crests of the maxillary and mandibular dental ridges, and are believed to originate from remnants of the dental lamina
dental lamina cysts
irritation of the follicular or periodontal tissue resulting from chronic infection can cause unerupted permanent teeth to become ___
ankylosed
