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NPTE > Exam C > Flashcards

Exam C Flashcards

1
Q

limits on HR post MI, acute

A

70% HR max

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2
Q

things measured by APGAR

A

HR, respiration, muscle tone, reflex irritability, color

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3
Q

compensatory postures for fixed forefoot varus

A

excessive subtalar pronation, plantarflexed first ray, hallux valgus, excessive tibial, femoral, and/or pelvic internal rotation, contralateral lumbar spine rotation

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4
Q

nail changes with psoriasis

A

small pits, circumscribed yellowish tan discoloration

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5
Q

causes of nail clubbing

A

chronic hypoxia from heart disease/lung cancer, hepatic cirrhosis

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6
Q

Signs/sxs of Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency)

A

bronze skin, weakness, anorexia, dehydration, weight loss, GI distrubances, anxiety, depression, decreased cold tolerance, stress intolerance

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7
Q

signs/sxs of Cushing’s syndrome (excessive cortisol)

A

dec glucose tolerance, moon face, obesity (fat pads on chest and abdomen, buffalo hump), dec sex hormones, muscular atrophy, edema, hypokalemia, emotional changes

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8
Q

signs/sxs of hypothyroidism (ex. Hashimoto’s)

A

metabolic processes are slowed

weight gain, mental and physical lethargy, dry skin and hair, low blood pressure, constipation, cold intolerance, goiter

can result in exercise intolerance, weakness, apathy, exercise induced myalgia, reduced cardiac output

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9
Q

signs/sxs of hyperthyroidism (ex. Graves)

A

metabolic processes are increased

nervousness, hyperreflexia, tremor, hunger, weight loss, fatigue, heat intolerance, palpitations, tachycardia, diarrhea

can result in exercise intolerance, fatigue because of hypermetabolic state

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10
Q

asthenia

A

abnormal weakness or loss of energy

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11
Q

nursemaid’s elbow

A

inferior subluxation of radial head from annular ligament

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12
Q

early sign of cystic fibrosis

A

inability to gain weight, excessive appetite

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13
Q

excoriation

A

abrasion or scratch mark

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14
Q

initial exercise prescription for asymptomatic individuals

A

60-90% HRmax, 50-85% VO2 max, interval training

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15
Q

hip hiking compensation for _____

A

weak hip and knee flexors

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16
Q

wound irrigation benefits

A

decrease colonization and prevent infection

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17
Q

signs/sxs of Guillan Barre

A

rapidly progressive symmetrical weakness, distal to proximal, abnormal sensations of tingling and burning

can have UMN and LMN symptoms

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18
Q

Valsalva effects

A

increased intrathoracic pressure, slowing pulse, decreased venous return, increased venous pressure

on relaxation, blood rushes to heart, can overload cardiac system resulting in cardiac arrest

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19
Q

normal Functional Reach score

A

> 10 inches

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20
Q

Tinetti (POMA) score

A

out of 28

<19 high risk for falls

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21
Q

TUG scores (3 meter)

A

> 30 sec indicate increased fall risk

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22
Q

criteria for reducing exercise intensity

A
  • onset of angina or other exertional intolerance
  • systolic BP >240
  • diastolic BP >110
  • > 1mm ST depression, horizontal or downsloping
  • increased frequency of ventricular arrythmias
  • 2nd or 3rd degree heart block
  • other significant ECG disturbances
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23
Q

standard wheelchair seat height

A

20 inches

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24
Q

expected effects of atropine

A

blocks action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle, secretory glands, and CNS

produced increased HR and contractility, used to treat sinus bradycardia and exercise induced bronchospasm

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25
Q

ambulation following DVT

A

after one dose of low molecular weight heparin, ambulation is encouraged. compression stockings with pressure gradient of 30-40 mmHg assist with pain and reduce risk of post-thrombolytic syndrome

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26
Q

estim polarity for bactericidal effects

A

negative in wound

27
Q

estim polarity for wound healing

A

positive in wound

28
Q

optimal exercise tolerance test time

A

8-12 min

29
Q

reasons to stop exercise tolerance tests

A 
>2mm change from baseline horizontal or downsloping ST segment depression 
>2mm rise in ST segment elevation
-moderate to severe angina
-drop in systolic BP
-serious arrythmia
-pallor, cyanosis, cold or clammy skin
-unusual or severe shortness of breath
-CNS signs
-BP >260/115
30
Q

Hep B transmission

A

all body fluids (including sweat, saliva) and blood

Use contact precautions

31
Q

Hep A transmission

A

usually food/water, sexually transmitted

Usually mild cases

32
Q

Hep C transmission

A

blood, contaminated injections

33
Q

Hep D transmission

A

only occurs with Hep B infection

34
Q

Hep E transmission

A

usually food/water

35
Q

normal TMJ opening

A

35-50mm (25-35mm functional)

36
Q

normal TMJ protrusion

A

3-6mm

37
Q

normal TMJ lateral deviation

A

10-15mm

38
Q

TMJ capsular pattern

A

limited opening, lateral deviation greater to uninvolved side, deviation upon opening to the involved side

39
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

clinical triad of ptosis (droopy eyelid), miosis (pupillary constriction), anhydrosis (lack of sweating) - all on same side of face and ipsilateral to lesion

caused by trauma, interruption of blood supply, tumor, cluster headaches affecting sympathetic pathway to the head

40
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

idiopathic lesion to cranial nerve 7 (facial)

41
Q

trigeminal neuralgia

A

severe, sharp, stabbing pain in one or more branches of trigeminal nerve

42
Q

nevus

A

mole

43
Q

papule

A

elevated mole

44
Q

wheal

A

irregular, transient superficial area of localized skin edema (hive, mosquito bite)

45
Q

clinical manifestations of left ventricular failure

A

cough, tachycardia, LE edema, anxiety, S3, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema

46
Q

clinical manifestations of right ventricular failure

A

dependent edema (pitting), weight gain, fatigue, R upper quadrant pain, anorexia, nausea, bloating, S3 or S4, cyanosis of nail beds, decreased urine output

47
Q

signs of impeding MI

A

anginal pain, palpitations, tachycardia, unusual fatigue or dyspnea

48
Q

symptoms of pericarditis

A

substernal pain that may radiate to neck and upper back, difficulty swallowing, pain aggravated by movement or coughing, relieved by leaning forward or sitting upright, history of fever, chills, weakness, heart disease

49
Q

deep partial thickness healing time

A

3-5 weeks

unless becomes infected, then can convert to full thickness burn

50
Q

complete SCI bowel training

A

digital stimulation of defecation reflexes

51
Q

ages for scoliosis screening

A

girls: 9-11
boys 11-13

aiming for time of greatest growth

52
Q

reduction of ___ makes symmetrical biphasic pulsed current estim more comfortable

A

intensity or pulse duration

53
Q

what organs refer to shoulder

A

spleen, diaphragm, heart

54
Q

where does esophagal pain refer?

A

mid-back, head, neck

55
Q

where does colon/appendix pain refer?

A

low back, pelvis, sacrum

56
Q

where does gallbladder pain refer?

A

mid-back, scapula

57
Q

sundowning

A

extreme restlessness, agitation, wandering that typically occur in late afternoon

58
Q

where does constipation/bowel impaction pain refer?

A

anterior hip, groin, thigh

59
Q

where does bladder pain refer?

A

medial thigh and leg

60
Q

UE spastisity pattern

A

scapular retraction, should adduction, depression, internal rotation, elbow flexion, forearm pronation, wrist and finger flexion

61
Q

Radiograph view needed to diagnose spondylolysis

A

bilateral oblique - looking for scottie dog sign

62
Q

time before weight bearing s/p meniscus repair surgery

A

3-6 weeks

63
Q

time before weight bearing s/p partial meniscectomy

A

partial weight bearing as soon as full extension is achieved

NPTE (8 decks)

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