Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Semester 5 PMCP Exam 3 > Exam and Eval 2 > Flashcards

Exam and Eval 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cath, angio, ventriculo - procedure

A

insert catheter into brachial or femoral artery
pressures are measured
radiopaque contrast medium is injected followed and filmed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Electrophysiological mapping studies defines what

A

a specific area that may be initiating the arrhythmia by inducing it and attempting to restore the normal rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When would elctrophysioloigcal mapping - what happens if the patient doesnt respond to antiarrhythmics

A

then ablation may be performed or ICD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Stress perfusion testing - usually done ___ on ___

A

upright on treadmill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Stress perfusion testing - what else can it be done with if patient can’t be on treadmill

A

bicycle

arm bike

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common agents used for stress perfusion testing

if they can’t get them on treadmill or bike they can try to induce arrhythmia with these meds

A

Dipyridamole - VD
Adenosine - VD
Dobutamine - contraction of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Indications for stress perfursion test

A 
Eval of chest pain
Determ severity of CAD
Eval surgical or med therapy or intervention
Eval arrhthmias
Eval HPTN with ex
Provide ex rx
Assess functional capacity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stress perfusion testing involves systematically and progressively increaseing

A

O2 demand and evaluation responses to inc demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stress perfusion testing - when would you terminate

A 
patient asks you to 
light headed
color changes
HR rises more than age max
ECG change from baseline
Systolic not inc as it should
Drop of greater than 10 mmHg or more for one or both D and S then stop
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stress perfusion testing - what protocol is used

A

Bruce exercise test protocol

Balke exercise protocol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pulmonary function tests - evaluation of

A

lung volumes and capacities, gas flow rates, diffusion, and gas distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pulmonary function tests - pt can be classified into what three categories

A

Restrictive, obstructive, or combined

Also into low, moderate, or high immobility or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

24 hour vitals

A

BP, O2, Urine, Temp, ECG, Pain

Look at how your patient has been throughout the day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Echocardiography uses what to evaluate the heart

A

reflected ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Echocardiography gives what

A

real time images of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Echocardiography - we can obtain

A

size of ventricular cavity, thickness of septum, func of valves, motion of ventricular wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Echocardiography can evaluate what problems

A 
Pericardial effusion
Cardiac Tamponade
Congestive cardiomyopathy
Regurgitation
Prolapse
Stenosis
Vegetation on valves
Masses
Thrombi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Echocardiography - is patient awake or under anesthesia

A

awake so they dont need bed rest after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Standard echocardiograpy is not helpful when

A

obestiy, pulm disease, chest deformities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) - what is it good for

A

improved view of the back of the heart and mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CT scan identifies what

A

masses in the CV system or to detect aortic aneurysms or pericardial thickening associated with pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Common groups of meds - Anti angina

A

Ca channel blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Common groups of meds - anti arr

A

beta blockers, digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Contraindications to exercise

A

look at them!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Physical exam - interview - mental status
ALERT oriented to person, place, and time Try to pull things off chart to assess this
26
Physical exam - interview - do they understand why you are there
tell them who you are and why you are there | know who ordered the eval
27
Physical exam - descritpion of present and previous sx
``` be specific chest discomfort SOB fatigue palpitations light headedness swelling ```
28
Resting exam - general appearance
``` body type facial expression color positioning equipment eval of neck (carotids and jug) digital clubbing ```
29
Digital clubbing is often seen in who
someone who has had pulmonary dysfunction for a long time and who has had trouble with O2 sat
30
pectus excavatum could
press on the heart and lead to arr
31
kyphotic posture can lead to
SOB
32
Barrel chest associated with
pulmonary dysfunction
33
If they have R sided heart failure what can happen
R sided jugular distention
34
Resting exam - ribs
may be more flat or horizontal rather than angled down - barrel chest
35
Breathing pattern - resp rate should be between
12 and 20 breaths per minute at rest
36
Eupnea
describes normal breathing cycle
37
Apnea
a temporary halt in breathing
38
Tachypnea
rapid, shallow breathing pattern - indicator of resp distress
39
Dyspnea
sensation of SOB and s seen in cardiopulm disorders
40
Posture and Chest Wall Configuration - Resting
Symmetry and configuration (ant/post and trans diameters) Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum rib angles less than 90 degrees
41
Posture and Chest Wall Configuration - dynamic
mm used for resp breathing rate insp to exp - exp should be twice as long (1-4 sec is COPD) Paradoxical breathing pattern - using abs to push air out
42
Auscultation to evaluate
breath sounds - normal, abnormal, adventitious heart sounds voice sounds
43
Palpation includes
feeling for accessory muscle use | and normal palpation
44
Mediate percussion allows therapist to assess
density of underlying organs
45
Mediate percussion tones - resonant
loud or high amplitude low pitched longer duration heard over the lungs
46
Mediate percussion tones - resonant - where do we want to hear these
airy spots
47
Mediate percussion tones - dull -
low amplitude medium to high pitched short duration heard over solid organs like liver or diaphragm
48
Mediate percussion is also used to determine
diaphragmatic excursion
49
Mediate percussion tones - flat
high pitched short duration heard over mm mass such as thigh
50
Mediate percussion tones - tympanic
high pitched medium duration heard over hollow structures like stomach
51
Mediate percussion tones - hypperresonant
``` very low pitched prolonged duration heard over tissue with dec density abnormal in adults heard over lungs with emphysema ```
52
Mediate percussion - how is it done
Middle finger of ondominant hand is placed firmly on the chest wall in an intercostal space and parallel to the ribs The top of the middle finger of dominant hand strikes the distal phalanx of the stationary hand with a quick, sharp movement
53
Where do you do mediate percussion -
only on the back
54
Diaphragmatic excursion assess
movement of the diaphragm
55
Diaphragmatic excursion - how is it done
patient holds a deep breath, lowest level of diaphragm coincides with where a resonant tone is last heard Pt exhales, technique is repeated Lower area of resonance should move higher
56
Diaphragmatic excursion - normal distance is
3 to 5 cm
57
Diaphragmatic excursion - normal breathing diaphragm should be
a little higher 3-5 cm in a healthy person - less for COPD Deep breath first and then normal breathing
58
Chest wall and diaphragm - assess the amount of diaphragm used for quiet breathing - patient is
supine | equal and upward movement of the rib cage
59
Chest wall and diaphragm - assess the amount of diaphragm used for quiet breathing - with deep inspiration, the hands should travel
2-3 inches apart
60
Tracheal position - pleural effusion the trachea moves
away
61
Tracheal position - atelectasis trachea moves
towards
62
Dyspnea of phonation - scale from
0-4
63
Dyspnea of phonation - 0
no dyspnea
64
Dyspnea of phonation - 1
mild, noticeable | 1 breath in 15 words
65
Dyspnea of phonation - 2
mild, some difficulty, 2 breaths in 15 words
66
Dyspnea of phonation - 3
moderate difficulty, 4 or more breaths in 15 words
67
Dyspnea of phonation - 4
severe difficulty | cannot continue
68
Modified medical research council dyspnea scale - 0
i only get breathless with strenuous exercise
69
Modified medical research council dyspnea scale - 1
I get SOB when hurrying on level ground or walking up a slight hill
70
Modified medical research council dyspnea scale - 2
on level ground, i walk slower then some people my age because of SOB
71
Modified medical research council dyspnea scale - 3
I stop for breath after walking about 100 yards or aftr a few min on level ground
72
Modified medical research council dyspnea scale - 4
am too breathless to leave the house or I am breathless when dressing
73
Cough - what do we need to assess
Cough control Cough quality Presence of secretions Sputum
74
Cough - what do we need to assess - cough control
take a deep breath in, glottis closes, abdominals contract, and glottis opens to expel
75
Cough - what do we need to assess - presence of secretions - what is normal
100mL a day (about a teaspoon)
76
Cough - what do we need to assess - sputum
odor, color, how much
77
Cough control - voluntary
you ask them to cough and they do
78
Cough control - spontaneous
maybe from nasal drip or can be indicative of inc fluid in their system or pulm dysfunction or reflux Reflex response to normal stimulus
79
Cough control - reflex
associated with eating or drinking - maybe need to ask for speech therapy Nervous cough or throat clearing Beware of why they are coughing
80
Cough quality
strong and effective (normal) | weak and ineffective (abnormal; reduced exp flow rate) - weak abdominal or resp mm
81
Cough - Presence of secretions - wet and productive
Secretions are present
82
Cough - Presence of secretions - wet and non productive
secretions retained | cough elicitation or suctioning necessary
83
Cough - presence of secretions - dry and non productive
secretions absent | pulmonary fibrosis they aren't coughing anything out
84
Cough - Sputum - quantity
100 mL
85
Cough - sputum - color - what do we want
we want clear
86
Cough - sputum - color - gren
infection
87
Cough - sputum - color - blood tinged
TB | Irritation
88
Cough - sputum - color - frothy
heart failure | pulmonary edema
89
Cough - sputum - color - dark red blood
pulmonary infarct | carcinoma
90
Cough - sputum - tenacity is what -
thickness
91
Cough - sputum - odor
infection | or from smoking
92
Rubor dependency test - is looking at what
how fast your arteries fill
93
Venous filling test is looking at what
the veins filling
94
Trendelenberg test - looking at what
more extensive for circulation | apply tourniquet and see if saphenous fills
95
Homans sign
assessing for possibel DVT - not very reliable though
96
Angina scale - when do you stop acitivty
1
97
Angina scale - 1 =
light, barely noticeable
98
Rate of perceived exertion - where do we want our patients
12 or 13
99
s/s of exercise intolerance
``` Chest discomfort Dyspnea Dizziness Syncope Pallor Change in facial expression Level of fatigue Nausea Change in mental status Claurdication or otehr pain S3 heart sounds Sys over 200 Dias over 110 HR 20 -30 beats above resting ```
100
Warnign signs
``` Low anginal threshold Resting tachycardia Excessive SOB Slow recovery Excessive fatigue lasting 1-2 hours after activity Inc arrhythmia Lack of HR or BP response Pain Fever over 100 Hgb at 9 ```
101
Community distance - need to walk
100-150 ft
102
For every 1 day you lay in bed you lose how many days of strength
3
103
Ejection fraction - with decreased LV function -
wont tolerate as much because of dec EF - as get down below 25% we may not even be working with them or if we are - just transfers

Semester 5 PMCP Exam 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions