Exam 6 - Hospital Acquired Infections (Nosocomial)

Question 1

What is the term for an infection that manifests after a minimum stay in the hospital of 48 hours?

Answer 1

Hospital Acquired Infection

Question 2

Name the 6 risk factors for Hospital Acquired Infections.

Answer 2

1) Increased age
2) Female more than male
3) Immunosuppressive therapy/disease
4) Extended LOS
5) Previous infection
6) Obesity

Question 3

T/F: Poorly controlled BS have no risks for nosocomial infections.

Answer 3

FALSE - poorly controlled blood sugars are a risk factor for nosocomial infection

Question 4

Which are the two types of surgery that have a higher risk of nosocomial infection?

Answer 4

1) GI tract

2) Urinary tract

Question 5

Name the 4 risk factors for mortality from HAI.

Answer 5

1) Increased age
2) Inappropriate antibiotic selection
3) Lack of BP support meds
4) Severity of illness

Question 6

What is the most common site for nosocomial infection?

Answer 6

Water = URINARY TRACT

Question 7

What are the most common pathogens in urinary tract nosocomial infections?

Answer 7

E. coli

Yeast

Question 8

How do prevent urinary tract nosocomial infections?

Answer 8

Minimize catheterization

Question 9

What is the second most common site of nosocomial infections?

Answer 9

Wound = surgical site

Question 10

What is the most likely pathogen for surgical site infections?

Answer 10

MRSA

Question 11

Which type of infection has the highest rate of mortality?

Answer 11

Wind = Lungs

Question 12

T/F: PPI/H2RA therapy is a risk factor for lung infection.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

When is stress ulcer prophylaxis indicated in intubated pts?

Answer 13

After 48 hours

Question 14

What are the most common organisms in HAP?

Answer 14

1) Gram negative bacilli

2) MRSA

Question 15

Name the 2 methods of preventing post-surgical HAP.

Answer 15

1) Incentive spirometry

2) Chlorhexidine mouth wash

Question 16

Name the 4 types of antibiotics used to treat E. coli (non-ESBL).

Answer 16

1) 3rd gen CPN
2) Antipseudomonal PCN - Zosyn
3) Ampicillin +/- aminoglycoside
4) FQN - after susceptibilities known

Question 17

Name the 5 types of antibiotics used to treat E. coli (ESBL).

Answer 17

1) Ertapenem - PREFERRED
2) Meropenem - save for pseudomonas
3) Meropenem/Vabobactam
4) Cifiderocol
5) Ceftazadime/avibactam

Question 18

Name the 3 drugs used to treat S. aureus MSSA infections.

Answer 18

1) Nafcillin
2) Oxacillin
3) Cefazolin

Question 19

Name the 1 drug used to treat MRSA.

Answer 19

VANCOMYCIN

Question 20

Name the 3 alternative drugs to Vancomycin to treat MRSA.

Answer 20

1) Linezolid
2) Daptomycin - not lung
3) Ceftaroline

Question 21

Name the 2 drug combinations and 1 single drug used to treat Enterococci infections.

Answer 21

1) Ampicillin + Gentamicin
2) Vancomycin + Gentamicin
3) Linezolid

Question 22

Name the one drug used to treat a UTI resulting from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Answer 22

FQN - Cipro better than Levo