Exam 6: Digestive System Flashcards
What is the pouch-like extension of the visceral peritoneum that is shaped like an apron?
Greater Omentum
What structure contains 3 layers of smooth muscles?
Muscularis
Where is the greater Omentum located?
Greater curvature of the stomach to
the pelvis
What is another word for lips?
Labia
What is responsible for closing during swallowing to prevent food from entering the nasopharynx?
Soft Palate
What is the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans?
Deciduous
What are teeth that replaces a temporary tooth and lasts for most of the person’s life?
Permanent
What is another word for tooth decay?
Dental caries
What is the term for swallowing?
Deglutition
What term means difficult in swallowing?
DysphaGIa
What is a term that means difficult in speaking?
DysphaSia
What is also known as “lower esophageal sphincter” (LES) that prevents good from re-entering the esophagus from the stomach?
Cardiac Sphincter
What is a retrograde (backwards) flow of stomach acid into the esophagus?
GERD
What is semi-liquid mixture of gastric juices and food that leaves the stomach and enters the small intestines?
Chyme
What cells produce mucus?
Goblet cells
What is the longest part of the digestive digestive tract and is 20ft long?
Small intestine
Where does the duodenum begin?
Pyloric sphincter
What is the first part of the small intestine and where majority of chemical digestion occurs?
Duodenum
Where does the the ilium end?
Iliocecal sphincter
What are multiple permanent folds in the lining of small intestines?
Plicae
What of the lymphatic system are located in the villi?
Lacteals
What structure is responsible for absorption?
Villi
What are the functions of the large intestines?
- Store any undigested material for elimination from the body.
- Absorb water
What sphincter like structure that allows unabsorbed and undigested food materials into the colon?
Iliocecal valve
What means worm like?
Vermiform
What is between ascending and transverse colon (left)?
Hepatic flexure
What is between transverse and the descending colon (right)?
Splenic flexure
What sphincter is made of involuntary muscle?
Internal sphincter
What sphincter is made up of voluntary muscle past toddler age?
External sphincter
Are red blood cells produced in the liver?
No
Where does decomposition or destruction of RBCs takes place?
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall bladder
Where is bile produced?
Liver
What emulsifies (break down) fat?
Bile salts
What hormone is responsible for contraction of the fall bladder for the purpose of releasing bile?
Cholecystokinin
Where are the bile duct and pancreatic duct joined?
Ampulla of Vater
What is the structure that is responsible for transporting bile to the duodenum and both liver and gallbladder?
Common bile duct
What is both an endocrine and exocrine gland?
Pancreas
What produces INACTIVE enzymes that digest fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleus acids?
Exocrine portion of the pancreas
What is a temporary stoppage of intestinal peristalsis that may be accompanied by severe pain, abdominal digestion, vomiting or absence of stool?
Ileus
What are the 10 steps of the flow of digestion?
- Mouth
- Lower esophageal sphincter
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Ileocecal valve
- Cecum
- Hepatic flexure
- Descending colon
- Rectum
