Exam 6

Question 1

low grade fever

Answer 1

101.4-101.5 (FUO starts at >101)

Question 2

auer rods indicate

Answer 2

acute myeloid leukemia

Question 3

two mc sites for extramedullary ALL

Answer 3

testes and CNS

Question 4

SMUDGE CELLS

Answer 4

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Question 5

philidelphia chromosome indicated this chronic leukemia

Answer 5

chronic myeloid leukemia, phili CreaM cheese

Question 6

three stages of chronic, accelerated, blast crisis in which leukemia

Answer 6

chronic myeloid leukemia

Question 7

only leukemia with single agent frontline therapy

Answer 7

CML–> oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib

Question 8

antigen presenting cells

Answer 8

b cells, macrophages, dendritic cells–>use MHC class 2

Question 9

bacteria–> cd4 or cd8?

Answer 9

cd4, uses MHC class 2 bc its an extracellular pathogen

Question 10

virus–>cd4 or cd8?

Answer 10

cd8, intracellular pathogen, use cd8, nucleated cell is internally infected with virus.

Question 11

mc way of virus getting into cell

Answer 11

receptor mediated endocytosis. a viral receptor on target cell interacts with the viral associated protein

Question 12

fungi is ______ and uses mhc class 1 and 2

Answer 12

primarily cell mediated and uses class 1 and 2. t cytotoxic attach to surrounding tissue, t helper inc t cyctotoxic activity, macrophages directed by th1 to clean up area

Question 13

th1 causes

Answer 13

cell mediated response and tons of ILs (cytokines) released

Question 14

th2 causes

Answer 14

antibody proliferation, JUST IL4.

Question 15

parasitic infections cause

Answer 15

th2 to release il4, il4 tells b cell to secrete ig3—>mast cell releases histamine

Question 16

parasites can release _______ that does what

Answer 16

free antigen, interferes with antibodies, b and t cells and basically gets stuck on everything

Question 17

use ____ to monitor metastatic colon cancer

Answer 17

carcinoembryonic antigen CEA

Question 18

IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS

Answer 18

cd4 tells td8 to kill tumor cell (type 4 hypersensitivity) also macrophages activated

Question 19

antibody’s role in tumor killing

Answer 19

1. can activate complement and kill tumor, lyse it up

2. Fc of antibody and NK cell will kill it (NK needs signal from AB to do the tumor killing)

Question 20

active NON-specific immunotherapy

Answer 20

give back co-stimulatory products like cytokines that tumor has downregulated to fight infection

Question 21

active specific immunotherapy

Answer 21

grow dendritic cells and show the tumor cell to them and inject back into patient

Question 22

passive NON-specific immunotherapy

Answer 22

activate NK in vitro with IL2 then put back into patient, not specific (just IL2) but HIGHLY active

Question 23

passive specific immunotherapy

Answer 23

bioengineered AB

Question 24

which two immunizations given together at 1 year and kindergarten and SUBQ

Answer 24

MMR and varicella pro quad

Question 25

when do you start hep a

Answer 25

after 1 year then wait 6 mo for second shot

Question 26

meningococcal when?

Answer 26

11/12 years old then again at college age

Question 27

live attenuated vaccinations

Answer 27

MMR, varicella (SUBQ) AND influenzaMist

Question 28

inactivated

Answer 28

polio, hep a, influenza

Question 29

two special groups that get the meningococcal vaccine

Answer 29

younger kids: complement deficiency or anatomic asplenia

Question 30

MSSA

Answer 30

Oxacillin, nafcillin, docloxacillin is oral, cephalexin

Question 31

MRSA sepsis

Answer 31

vanco, dapto, bactrim (linezolid not an option)

Question 32

mech of resistance of MRSA

Answer 32

altered penicillin binding proteins

Question 33

predeterminants to a VRSA infection

Answer 33

MRSA colonization not person to person, chronic condition, prolonged antibio exposure

Question 34

treat ESBLs with

Answer 34

carbapenams--imipenam

Question 35

at any cd4 count

Answer 35

oral hairy leuko, seborrheic derm, zoster, molluscum, kaposis. seborrheic and kaposis more advanced disease

Answer 36

thrush, pneumocystitis* (mc), toxoplasma gondii

Question 37

pneumocystitis and toxo treat with

Answer 37

bactrim (toxo is when cd4

Answer 38

treat with azthromycin

Question 39

what two drugs induce folate def

Answer 39

methotrexate and bactrim

Question 40

gallstones and jaundice sign of

Answer 40

hemolytic anemia

Question 41

low vs high retic

Answer 41

low-->aplastic ; high-->hemolytic

Question 42

sister mary joseph nodule

Answer 42

ovarian ca

Question 43

b symptoms

Answer 43

fever, night sweats, wt loss, fatigue

Question 44

radiation toxicity with BC

Answer 44

breast erythema, burns. fatigue, lymphadema