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Medicine > Exam 6 > Flashcards

Exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

low grade fever

A

101.4-101.5 (FUO starts at >101)

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2
Q

auer rods indicate

A

acute myeloid leukemia

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3
Q

two mc sites for extramedullary ALL

A

testes and CNS

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4
Q

SMUDGE CELLS

A

CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

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5
Q

philidelphia chromosome indicated this chronic leukemia

A

chronic myeloid leukemia, phili CreaM cheese

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6
Q

three stages of chronic, accelerated, blast crisis in which leukemia

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

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7
Q

only leukemia with single agent frontline therapy

A

CML–> oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib

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8
Q

antigen presenting cells

A

b cells, macrophages, dendritic cells–>use MHC class 2

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9
Q

bacteria–> cd4 or cd8?

A

cd4, uses MHC class 2 bc its an extracellular pathogen

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10
Q

virus–>cd4 or cd8?

A

cd8, intracellular pathogen, use cd8, nucleated cell is internally infected with virus.

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11
Q

mc way of virus getting into cell

A

receptor mediated endocytosis. a viral receptor on target cell interacts with the viral associated protein

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12
Q

fungi is ______ and uses mhc class 1 and 2

A

primarily cell mediated and uses class 1 and 2. t cytotoxic attach to surrounding tissue, t helper inc t cyctotoxic activity, macrophages directed by th1 to clean up area

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13
Q

th1 causes

A

cell mediated response and tons of ILs (cytokines) released

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14
Q

th2 causes

A

antibody proliferation, JUST IL4.

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15
Q

parasitic infections cause

A

th2 to release il4, il4 tells b cell to secrete ig3—>mast cell releases histamine

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16
Q

parasites can release _______ that does what

A

free antigen, interferes with antibodies, b and t cells and basically gets stuck on everything

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17
Q

use ____ to monitor metastatic colon cancer

A

carcinoembryonic antigen CEA

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18
Q

IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TUMORS

A

cd4 tells td8 to kill tumor cell (type 4 hypersensitivity) also macrophages activated

19
Q

antibody’s role in tumor killing

A
  1. can activate complement and kill tumor, lyse it up

2. Fc of antibody and NK cell will kill it (NK needs signal from AB to do the tumor killing)

20
Q

active NON-specific immunotherapy

A

give back co-stimulatory products like cytokines that tumor has downregulated to fight infection

21
Q

active specific immunotherapy

A

grow dendritic cells and show the tumor cell to them and inject back into patient

22
Q

passive NON-specific immunotherapy

A

activate NK in vitro with IL2 then put back into patient, not specific (just IL2) but HIGHLY active

23
Q

passive specific immunotherapy

A

bioengineered AB

24
Q

which two immunizations given together at 1 year and kindergarten and SUBQ

A

MMR and varicella pro quad

25
Q

when do you start hep a

A

after 1 year then wait 6 mo for second shot

26
Q

meningococcal when?

A

11/12 years old then again at college age

27
Q

live attenuated vaccinations

A

MMR, varicella (SUBQ) AND influenzaMist

28
Q

inactivated

A

polio, hep a, influenza

29
Q

two special groups that get the meningococcal vaccine

A

younger kids: complement deficiency or anatomic asplenia

30
Q

MSSA

A

Oxacillin, nafcillin, docloxacillin is oral, cephalexin

31
Q

MRSA sepsis

A

vanco, dapto, bactrim (linezolid not an option)

32
Q

mech of resistance of MRSA

A

altered penicillin binding proteins

33
Q

predeterminants to a VRSA infection

A

MRSA colonization not person to person, chronic condition, prolonged antibio exposure

34
Q

treat ESBLs with

A

carbapenams–imipenam

35
Q

at any cd4 count

A

oral hairy leuko, seborrheic derm, zoster, molluscum, kaposis. seborrheic and kaposis more advanced disease

36
Q
A

thrush, pneumocystitis* (mc), toxoplasma gondii

37
Q

pneumocystitis and toxo treat with

A

bactrim (toxo is when cd4

38
Q
A

treat with azthromycin

39
Q

what two drugs induce folate def

A

methotrexate and bactrim

40
Q

gallstones and jaundice sign of

A

hemolytic anemia

41
Q

low vs high retic

A

low–>aplastic ; high–>hemolytic

42
Q

sister mary joseph nodule

A

ovarian ca

43
Q

b symptoms

A

fever, night sweats, wt loss, fatigue

44
Q

radiation toxicity with BC

A

breast erythema, burns. fatigue, lymphadema

Medicine (5 decks)

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