Exam 5 (Reproductive System-Female)

Question 1

Ovaries Function

Answer 1

1. Produce oocytes, egg cells
2. Produce and secrete sex hormones (estrogens and progesterone) and inhibin

Question 2

Oogenisis

Answer 2

def: production of eggs

Question 3

Cell Divison

Answer 3

1. Oogonia complete mitosis = 1 oocyte
2. 1 oocytes go through meiosis 1 and if completed = 2 oocyte
3. 2 oocyte goes through meiosis II = ovum

Question 4

Spermatogenesis vs Oogenesis

Answer 4

of cells produced:

-oogenesis begins at birth through menopause
-spermiogenesis begins at puberty ends at death
-spermiogenesis produces millions of cells
-oogenesis produces one ovum a month and ovum is bigger by ovulation

Question 5

Ovarian Cycle !!!

Answer 5

1. follicular phase: secondary follicle becomes vesicular follicle where primary oocyte completes meiosis I and becomes secondary oocyte
2. ovulation: vesicular follicle bursts and releases secondary oocyte
3. Luteal: ruptured follicles becomes corpus luteum which secretes progesterone. If no pregnancy, it becomes curpus albicans & degrades

Question 6

Uterine Tubes

Answer 6

oviducts, fallopian tubes; receive ovulated oocyte and move it by peristaltic. have cilia cells that line lumen; where fertilization takes place in fallopian tubes

Question 7

Anatomy of Uterus

Answer 7

– Fundus
– Body (corpus)
– Cervix
-3 layers: perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium (functional layer is what sheds, basal is what attaches to myometrium)

Question 8

Function of Uterus

Answer 8

nourish and protect developing fetus if pregnancy occurs

Question 9

Uterine Cycle !!!

Answer 9

1. Menses Phase: functional layer of endometrium breaks down and sheds (follicular phase)
2. Proliferative Phase: functional layer of endometrium regrows, thick (follicular phase)
   OVULATION
3. Secretory Phase: functional layer of endometrium is at its thickest & produces secretion & awaiting implantation of fertilized egg (luteal phase)

Question 10

GnRH

Answer 10

GnRH pulse frequency affects FSH & LH secretion

Question 11

FSH

Answer 11

stimulates follicular growth & estrogen production by follicular cells

Question 12

LH

Answer 12

surge of LH causes ovulation & later LH drives formation of corpus luteum

Question 13

Estrogen

Answer 13

function:
1. Stimulate bone & muscle growth
2. Development of secondary sex
characteristics
3. Behavioral effects on libido
4. Stimulate growth and repair of the
endometrium
*dominant hormones prior to ovulation

Question 14

Progesterone:

Answer 14

function:
1. Stimulates the secretory phase of the
uterine cycle
2. Maintains pregnancy, if fertilization occurs
*dominant hormone during luteal phase (after ovulation); secreted by corpus luteum

Question 15

Inhibin

Answer 15

negative feedback hormone for anterior pituitary