Exam 5 fish

Question 1

mucus, mucopolysaccharides, immunoglobulins, free fatty acids

Answer 1

Cuticle

Question 2

Filament containing cell, are the outermost cells and can divide.

Answer 2

Malpighian

Question 3

• At hind end of stomach,before intestines
• Thin, blind ended tubes
• May secrete trypsin and other digestive enzymes

Answer 3

Pyloric ceca

Question 4

The bony plate that protects the gills. It is hinged and has muscles attached to it to open and close it

Answer 4

Operculum

Question 5

a gill like structure under the dorsal operculum. It consists of a single gill arch with a single row of gill filaments. possibly provides well-oxygenated blood to the optic choroid and retina or to maintain blood pressure

Answer 5

Pseudobranch (fake gill)

Question 6

• helps to make sure that no extraneous material gets onto the gill filaments to clog them up
• counter current system of vessels in the gills
• makes it 5 times as efficient at extracting oxygen

Answer 6

Gill rakers

Question 7

ionic transport/detoxification

Answer 7

Chloride cells

Question 8

• The utriculus, sacculus and lagena. Each contain one
• aka ear stone
• usually mineralized
• can be used to age fish

Answer 8

Otoliths

Question 9

• layered structures of muscles
• not flat, but folded like a W
• seperated from each other by a sheet of connective tissue

Answer 9

Myomeres

Question 10

• Has electrocytes which produce electricity
• located in the head in marine fish and in tail of fresh water fish
• used for navigation, communication, defense, and sometimes incapacitation of prey

Answer 10

Electric organ

Question 11

-consists of a cup-like base which rests in the epidermis and a cylindrical gelatinous cupula

Answer 11

Neuromast

Question 12

-can use it to detect wave movement in the water

Answer 12

Lateral Line

Question 13

adapts to different salinities

Answer 13

Euryhaline

Question 14

cannot adapt to different salinities

Answer 14

Stenohaline

Question 15

Different fins of the fish

Answer 15

• first dorsal
• second dorsal
• pelvic
• anal fin
• caudal fin
• pectoral fin

Question 16

what are the two main types of scales and which is found in bony fish?

Answer 16

• Ctenoid-elasmobranch

- Cyloid- teleost (boney fish)

Question 17

what is the function of the pyloric ceca?

Answer 17

Neutralizes the acidity of the chyme before it reaches the intestines.

Question 18

what are the two locations of the pancreas in the fish?

Answer 18

-embedded in liver or scattered in the mesentary of the pyloric ceca

Question 19

what are the two main functions of the gills in fish?

Answer 19

1) Respiration and excretion of ammonia

2) need to obtain oxygen from water

Question 20

how many gill arches are there on each side of the body?

Answer 20

4 gill arches on each side of the gill

Question 21

what are the five types of cells found in fish blood?

Answer 21

• luekocytes
• lymphocytes
• thrombocytes
• monocytes
• granulocytes

Question 22

what are the four chambers of the fishes heart?

Answer 22

• Sinus venosus- 1st chamber
• Atrium- largest chamber
• ventricule- only well-muscled chamber
• Bulbus arteriosus- no valves

Question 23

how many nostrils does a fish have?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

what two structures do fish use to make sound?

Answer 24

• teeth

- swim bladder

Question 25

what are the two structural divisions of the kidneys?

Answer 25

- Anterior kidney (hematopoietic) | - Posterior kidney (excretory)

Question 26

Differences between physostomous swim bladder and physoclistous swim bladder?

Answer 26

1) Physostomous: - connected to the gut - controls amount of gas in swim bladder. 2) Physoclistous: - Not connected to the gut - controls amount of gas in swim bladder via capillary gas exchange (rete mirabile)

Question 27

what are the two sites of hematopoiesis in fish?

Answer 27

spleen and kidney

Question 28

where are the chloride cells located?

Answer 28

-in gills in the filaments