EXAM 5 Acne Roane Flashcards
MOA of Benzoyl peroxide
it generates reactive oxygen species
-Bombards bacteria with electrons and can
be bacteriocidal
-Dissolves keratin, opens pores and allows sebum to drain
MOA of Azelaic Acid
-maybe by inhibiting protein synthesis
-Inhibits keratin synthesis
-Inhibits tyrosinase enzyme necessary for skin
pigment
-Inhibits a hyperactive protease activity that
converts cathelicidin into the antimicrobial skin
peptide LL-37 (it causes inflammation when overactive)
Moa of Salicylic acid
inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)
-facilitates the sloughing of skin cells which helps
open pores
What are the Retinoids?
1st Gen:
-Tretinoin
-Isotretinoin
3rd Gen:
-Adapalene
-Tazarotene
4th Gen:
-Trifarotene
Retinoid receptors
RAR (retinoic acid receptor) RXR (retinoic X receptor)
regulate the RARE (retonic acide response elements) and transcription genes
-deactivated if Co-repressor binds, activated if Co-activator binds
-Each has three subtypes: alpha, beta and gamma
newer gens are specialized to one subtype (we want gamma)
What is the desired target of Retinoids in Acne treatment?
RAR gamma
MOA Retinoids
-Decrease cell differentiation and proliferation
-Decrease sebum production
-may cause dry, scaly skin, redness and
irritation
-contraindicated in pregnancy
Isotretinoin (Retinoid 1st gen) treats…
recalcitrant and nodular acne vulgaris
Side effects Isotretinoin
-Altered plasma lipids
-Liver damage
-Premature closure of the epiphyseal plate
Which Retinoid has a high specificity for RARgamma?
Trifarotene (4th generation)
Which tetracycline is narrow-spectrum compared to the other tetracyclines?
Sarecycline (Seysara)
MOA of Erythromycin and Clindamycin
Protein synthesis inhibitor
What is the MOA of Bactrim (SMX-TMP)
Dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase
MOA for Dapsone
Inhibits Dihydropteroate synthase
Which drug blocks testosterone receptors?
Flutamide
