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Psych 101 > Exam 5 - 9,10,11 > Flashcards

Exam 5 - 9,10,11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Gratitude

A

State of appreciation for life others or things

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2
Q

Ongoing Writing Study

A

2 groups
1 writes grateful, another life details
Tracked emotions

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3
Q

Credit List

A

Actively listing one’s accomplishments during a day

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4
Q

Impact Bias

A

Overestimate negative impact
Underestimate ability to adjust

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5
Q

Active Comparison

A

Comparison present situation with “worst off” scenario

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6
Q

Martin Seligman

A

A founder and researcher of positive psychology

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7
Q

Positive Psychology

A

Focus on character strengths and relationships that promise flourishing meaning and positive change

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8
Q

Subjective Well Being

A

Evaluation of life quality
Relatively enduring
Measured with self repot

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9
Q

Hunger-Food Metaphor

A

All humans experience hunger, we eat differently
(Subjective well being)

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10
Q

Longitudinal Nun Study

A

Followed cohort of nuns over time
Measured swb in 20s
Higher swb = 10 year longer life on average

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11
Q

The Broad and Build Model

A

Positive emotions increase willingness to act (motivate)
Flexible thinking leads to varied learning (build skills)
Positive emotions increase activity and flexibility of thinking

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12
Q

Clinical Psychologist

A

Provide mental health services such as assessment and talk therapy

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13
Q

Clinical Health Psychologists

A

Motivation to make health conscious choices
Some use biofeedback

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14
Q

Behavioral Medicine

A

Behavioral components of medical problems
Treatment compliance
Physical health focused

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15
Q

Trans theoretical Model of Change

A

Theory of change that spans multiple theories
Pre-contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance

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16
Q

SMART goal

A

Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time bound

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17
Q

Psychophysical Illness

A

Mind-Body illness
Stress related illness

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18
Q

Coronary Heart Disease

A

Plaque build up
Risk for cardiovascular disease and other illnesses
Stress increases risk

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19
Q

The 40 Accountant Study

A

Key finding: stress increases bad cholesterol which leads to CHD

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20
Q

Psychoneuroimmunology

A

Multi-disciplinary field studying how psychological factors such as stress affect the immune system

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21
Q

Lymphocytes

A

White blood cells that make up the immune system

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22
Q

Sheldon Cohen

A

20 years of research links stress to risk for common cold

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23
Q

Viral Challenge Studies

A

Expose people to virus and see who gets ill

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24
Q

Aerobic Exercise

A

Heart and lung activation
Moderate = 2 extra years of life in average

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25
Q

BYU Meta Analysis

A

Social support promotes health

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26
Q

Stress

A

Physical state
Perception/Experience of threat of challenge
Can be positive or negative

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27
Q

Eustress

A

Health promoting forms of stress

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28
Q

Also static Overload

A

Wear and tear on the body and brain causes by excessive or chronic stress hormone release

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29
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome

A

ANS- Sympathetic
Endocrine (hormonal) response resource depletion and exhaustion

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30
Q

Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis

A

ANS- sympathetic
Endocrine response

31
Q

The Superior Temporal Sulcus

A

Part of brain that “reads” others emotions

32
Q

Somatic Marker Hypothesis

A

Antonio Damasio
Emotional response promote implicit learning to shape decisions
Trolley problem

33
Q

Iowa Gambling Task

A

Used to study emotional learning
People tended to pick from the best deck

34
Q

Differential Emotions Theory

A

Carol Izard
10 basic emotions
Inborn/hard wired
Observable I’m infancy
Blended in adults

35
Q

Facial Action Coding System

A

Paul Ekman
Codes facial expression for “universal emotion”

36
Q

Facial EMG

A

Measure muscle impulses to detect expressions

37
Q

Theory of Constructed Emotion

A

Lisa Feldman Barret
Naturally social
Not purely hardwired
We use context to give things meaning

38
Q

Affective Primacy

A

Robert Zajonc
Early implicit appraisal (low road)
Influences later appraisal

39
Q

Ideograph study

A

Showed people Chinese characters, flashed emotion before, asked people to rate whether they like the character

40
Q

Appraisal Theory

A

Richard Lazarus
Memory used to label experiences which changes biological response

41
Q

Dimensional Approach

A

Arousal and valence

42
Q

Waiting room study

A

Injected people, upped adrenaline
Reacted differently depending on how confederate reacted

43
Q

Spillover Effect

A

Arousal impacts intensity of emotions
The same arousal can be experienced differently
Interpretation of situation impacts “emotional” valence

44
Q

Emotions

A

Integration of arousal cognitive interpretations and expressive behaviors
Expressive behaviors, cognitive interpretations, arousal

45
Q

Intrapersonal communication

A

Processing information within a person to make sense of the world and react

46
Q

Interpersonal Communication

A

Exhibiting information that other people use to draw conclusions about us

47
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

Brain interprets ANS Arousal (body then mind)

48
Q

Cannon-Bard Theory

A

Added simultaneous subjective experience (body and mind at the same time)

49
Q

Two Factor Model

A

Schacter and Singer
Two factors, arousal and valence

50
Q

Needs Theory

A

Henry Murray
Needs = readiness to respond to cues in a certain way
Psychological drives act as if they are needs

51
Q

David C McClelland

A

Studied motivation
Implicit measures
Self reinforcing

52
Q

Types of motivation

A

Achievement
Power
Affiliation

53
Q

Picture Story Exercise

A

Shown pictures
Respond any makes up stores

54
Q

The ring toss study

A

Achievement motivation

55
Q

Ghrelin

A

Secreted by an empty stomach activated lateral hypothalamus to increase hunger

56
Q

Orexin

A

Neuropeptide released by the hypothalamus into the bloodstream. Increases hunger and sensitivity to cues

57
Q

Leptin

A

Hormone secreted by fat cells that influences hunger and metabolism in way that impact long term weight

58
Q

Unit Bias

A

People think in units, not degrees (ex calories)

59
Q

WWII Deprivation Study

A

Ancel Keys
Semistarvayion
Near constant mental focus on food
Deprivation = tension/desire

60
Q

Basal Metabolic Raye

A

How much energy your body burns at rest

61
Q

Lateral Hypothalamus

A

Activates Orexin
Stimulate = full will eat more
Lesion = starving won’t eat

62
Q

Ventromedial Hypothalamus

A

Stimulate = stop eating
Lesion = full will continue eating

63
Q

Intrinsic Motivation

A

Internal
Self reinforcing
Expression = positive reinforcement

64
Q

Extrinsic Motivation

A

Reflects learning
Expression = obtaining a reward or avoiding a negative consequence

65
Q

Drive Reduction Theory

A

Physical imbalance creates uncomfortable tension states that push us to restore balance by addressing a need

66
Q

Set (settling) Point

A

A “value” around which motives are regulated

67
Q

Optimal Arousal Theory

A

Suggests we are motivated to seek a level of arousal that is experienced as ideal. However that varies by situation and person

68
Q

Sensation Seeking

A

A personality trait focused on how much external stimulation is sought to generate arousal

69
Q

Revised Yerkes-Dodson Law

A

Dominant tasks do better with high arousal while difficult tasks do better with low arousal

70
Q

Prepotency

A

Lower motives are stronger. As they are satisfied, other motives emerge

71
Q

Harry Harlow

A

Studied attachment systems, why children love their parents
Money with fake moms study

72
Q

Joseph E LeDoux

A

Low and high roads
Memory and emotion

73
Q

Emotional Response Categorization Theory

A

Paula Niedenthal
We mentally group things (and memories) by emotion

Psych 101 (4 decks)

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