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Developmental Psychology > Exam 5 > Flashcards

Exam 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

the term used to describe the adult period during which reproductive capacity declines or is lost

A

climacteric

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2
Q

the cessation of monthly menstrual cycles in middle-aged women

A

menopause

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3
Q

the stage of menopause during which estrogen levels fall somewhat, menstrual periods are less regular, and anovulatory cycles begin to occur

A

premenopoausal phase

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4
Q

the stage of menopause during which estrogen and progesterone levels are erratic, menstrual cycles may be very irregular, and women begin to experience symptoms such as hot flashes

A

perimenopausal phase

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5
Q

the last stage of menopause, which begins when a woman has no menstrual periods for a year or more

A

postmenopausal phase

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6
Q

loss of bone mass with age, resulting in more brittle and porous bones

A

osteoporosis

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7
Q

normal loss of visual acuity with aging, especially the ability to focus the eyes on near objects

A

presbyopia

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8
Q

normal loss of hearing with aging, especially of high-frequency tones

A

presbycusis

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9
Q

a set of disease processes in the heart and circulatory system

A

cardiovascular disease (CVD)

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10
Q

narrowing of the arteries caused by deposits of a fatty substance called plaque

A

atherosclerosis

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11
Q

elevated blood pressure

A

hypertension

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12
Q

physical and psychological dependence on alcohol

A

alcoholism

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13
Q

the process of balancing the gains and losses associated with aging

A

selective optimization with compensation

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14
Q

recollections of personal events

A

episodic memories

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15
Q

general knowledge

A

semantic memories

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16
Q

the ability to produce original, appropriate, and valuable ideas and/or solutions to problems

A

creativity

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17
Q

a sense that one is making a valuable contribution to society by bringing up children or mentoring younger people in some way midlife

A

generativity

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18
Q

a theoretical perspective on middle adulthood that focuses on normative and non normative events and how adults in this age group respond to them

A

life events approach

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19
Q

any situation in which two or more roles are at least partially incompatible, either because they call for different behaviors or because their separate demands add up to more hours than there are in a day

A

role conflict

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20
Q

middle-aged adults who provide assistance to their parents and adult children at the same time

A

multigenerational caregivers

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21
Q

a term for the cumulative negative effects of caring for an elderly or disabled person

A

caregiver burden

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22
Q

relationships in which grandparents do not see their grandchildren often

A

remote relationships

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23
Q

relationships in which grandparents have frequent contact and warm interactions with grandchildren

A

companionate relationships

24
Q

relationships in which grandparents are directly involved in the everyday care of grandchildren or have close emotional ties with them

A

involved relationships

25
Q

lack of energy, exhaustion, and pessimism that result from chronic stress

A

burnout

26
Q

the scientific study of aging

A

gerontology

27
Q

self-help tasks such as bathing, dressing, and using the toilet

A

activities of daily living (ADLs)

28
Q

more intellectually demanding daily living tasks such as doing housework, cooking and managing money

A

instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)

29
Q

older adults whose physical and/or mental impairments are so extensive that they cannot care for themselves

A

frail elderly

30
Q

the redundancy in the nervous systems that ensures that it is nearly always possible for a nerve impulse to move from one neuron to another or from a neuron to another type of cell (e.g. a muscle cell)

A

synaptic plasticity

31
Q

persistent ringing in the ears

A

tinnitus

32
Q

the genetically programmed time limit to which each species is theoretically proposed to be subject, after which cells no longer have any capacity to replicate themselves accurately

A

hayflick limit

33
Q

a string of repetitive DNA at the tip of each chromosome in the body that appears to serve as a kind of timekeeping mechanism

A

telomere

34
Q

the view that age-related declines are the result of species-specific genes for aging

A

programmed senescence theory

35
Q

the formation of undesirable bonds between proteins or fats

A

cross-linking

36
Q

molecules or atoms that possess an unpaired electron

A

free radicals

37
Q

the hypothesis that mental and physical functioning decline drastically only in the few years immediately preceding death

A

terminal decline hypothesis

38
Q

the feeling of fullness that follows a meal

A

satiety

39
Q

a neurological disorder involving problems with memory and thinking that affect an individual’s emotional, social, and physical functioning

A

dementia

40
Q

a very severe form of dementia, the cause of which is unknown

A

Alzheimer’s disease

41
Q

a form of dementia caused by one or more strokes

A

vascular dementia

42
Q

a cognitive characteristic that includes accumulated knowledge and the ability to apply that knowledge to practical problems of living, popularly thought to be more commonly found in older adults

A

wisdom

43
Q

the feeling that one’s life has been worthwhile

A

ego integrity

44
Q

reflecting on past experience

A

reminiscence

45
Q

an evaluative process in which elders make judgements about past behavior

A

life review

46
Q

the idea that it is normal and healthy for older adults to try to remain as active as possible for as long as possible

A

activity theory

47
Q

the theory that it is normal and healthy for older adults to scale down their social lives and to separate themselves from others to a certain degree

A

disengagement theory

48
Q

the idea that older adults adapt lifelong interests and activities to the limitations imposed upon them by physical aging

A

continuity theory

49
Q

the term gerontologists use to describe maintaining one’s physical health, mental abilities, social competence, and overall satisfaction with one’s life as one ages

A

successful aging

50
Q

performance of unpaid work for altruistic motives

A

volunteerism

51
Q

the tendency to turn to religious beliefs and institutions for support in times of difficulty

A

religious coping

52
Q

living in a non institutional environment, to which modifications have been made to accommodate an older adult’s needs

A

aging in place

53
Q

a post retirement move away from kin to a location that has some desirable feature, such as year round warm weather

A

amenity move

54
Q

a move to a location near family or friends that happens when an elder requires frequent help because of a disability or disease

A

compensatory migration

55
Q

a move to an institution such as a nursing home that is necessitated by a disability

A

institutional migration

Developmental Psychology (5 decks)

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