EXAM 4TH QTR (finally bro) Flashcards
Molecules of gases occupy space. It may be proven when gas fills up a container.
Volume
The __________ of gas is the force exerted by the gas per unit area.
Pressure
The __________ of a gas depends on the kinetic energy it has.
Temperature
The __________ of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its stated velocity.
Kinetic Energy
“The pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature”.
Boyle’s Law
He found that the pressure was inversely proportional to the volume, which is to say, as the pressure increased the volume decreased.
Robert Boyle (1627-2691)
“The volume occupied by a fixed amount of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature if the pressure remains constant”.
Charles’ Law
Developed the Charles Law in 1787 concerning the thermal expansion of gases.
Jacques Charles (1746-1823)
“The pressure exerted by a gas (of a given mass and kept at a constant volume) varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas”.
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Studied the connection between pressure and temperature that Charles’ work came to light.
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850)
“At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of gas was proportional to the number of atoms in the container”
Avogadro’s Law
Italian mathematical physicist who showed in what became known as Avogadro’s law that, under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain
Amadeo Avogadro (1776-1856)
Combines the three gas laws: Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law, and Gay-Lussac’s Law. It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.
Combined Gas Law
A branch of both biology and chemistry studying substances found in living organisms and the chemical reactions underlying the process of life.
Biochemistry
A very large molecule important to biophysical processes, such as a protein or nucleic acid. It is composed of thousands of covalently bonded atoms.
Macromolecules
A molecule (as of an amino acid or a fatty acid) of relatively low molecular weight, compared to a macromolecule.
Micromolecules
(Greek Polus meaning “many”), A substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules, composed of many repeating units of molecules called Monomers.
Polymers
The measure of how much
energy a food provides.
Calories
Shows the amount of
nutrients an average person is required
from eating one serving of that food.
Percent Daily Value
A type of fat with certain chemical properties that is usually solid at room temperature.
Saturated Fat
Also called trans-unsaturated fatty acids, or trans fatty acids, is a type of unsaturated fat that occurs in foods. Trace concentrations of trans fats occur naturally,
but large amounts are found in some processed foods.
Trans Fat
These are liquid at room temperature, are considered beneficial fats because they can improve blood cholesterol levels, ease inflammation, stabilize heart rhythms, and play several other beneficial roles.
Unsaturated Fat
A waxy, fat-like substance made in the liver, and found in the blood and in all cells of the body.
Cholesterol
An essential nutrient, which is needed by the body in relatively small amounts, to maintain a balance of body fluids and keep muscles and nerves running.
Sodium
