Exam 4: Work Hardening Flashcards
work hardening, ergonomics, pain, trauma, wounds
6 ways to minimize the risk of injury
- use our bodies carefully
- don’t take shortcuts, especially with transfers, patient care, carrying heavy items
- listen to pain
- take rest breaks when needed
- observe the environment
- ask for help
general ergonomic principles (8)
- keep load close to body
- avoid static/ awkward positions
- respect pain
- large > small muscles
- keep posture “neutral”
- avoid repetitive movements
- plan movements out in advance
- use clinical reasoning to determine whether the task is safe (pt alertness, strength, situation, etc.)
work and volunteer principles in the OTPF (6)
- employment interests and pursuits
- employment seeking and acquisition
- job performance
- retirement preparation and adjustment
- volunteer exploration
- volunteer participation
OTA role in work rehabilitation
- goal setting
- assessment/ reassessment
- collaboration/ contribution to goal writing with OTR
- distraction - mental health piece
- documentation
- monitoring performance
vocational rehab def.
vocational evaluation def.
a comprehensive assessment using real or simulated work
- comprehensive client factor assessment (body functions and performance skills)
- standardized work samples
- situational assessments
- on-site evaluation
functional capacity evaluation def.
identifies the client’s functional abilities and/or limitations to perform sustained work; at times, the FCE will also be used alone to determine maximum capabilities and provide a one-time assessment; in these situations, clients typically have reached maximum medical improvement (MMI)
- can assess basic skills and provide pre employment training
- cannot pick based on bias
- test end point condition (too high of hr, mechanics break down, voluntary termination by the client, when they have reached the limit)
job demand analysis def.
in-depth task analysis of a job
- defines essential tasks of the job (physical, cognitive, education level, equipment used, environmental exposure)
- dictionary of occupational titles
pre-employment screening def.
work hardening/ conditioning def.
worksite evaluation def.
on-the-job assessments to determine if:
- an individual can return to work after onset of disability
- reasonable accommodations can be made
ergonomic and injury prevention consultation def.
multi-faceted approach
- workplace design
- work process design
- tool and equipment design
- architectural design
- work-related stress
- disabled and aging workforce implications
proactive/ reactive approaches to MSD
work-related MSD
2 types of vocational evaluations
- general evaluations
- specific evaluations
GENERAL evaluations
comprehensive assessment assessing all types of work
- individuals who do not have a job
- individuals who never had a job
- individuals who cannot return to prior job
- cognitive, interpersonal, socioemotional demands, not just physical
SPECIFIC evaluations
evaluates specific tasks of a specific job
- done more if its pre-employment or if there is a reasonable goal of returning to work
FCE +
an objective assessment of work related abilities
- machine driven (better option, more validity, good at picking up malingering)
- system driven evaluations tied to “dictionary of occupational titles”
- lifting, standing, walking, carrying, kneelings, reaching, handling
- then, complete a work simulation - might be asked to note the differences
FCE - generates report
- level of work
- tolerance to work over time
- individual task scores
- reliability and validity
- matheson system
- matheson dexterity component
- job match information
- level of participation (malingering?)
- potential interventions/ goal setting
work hardening and conditioning
- rehabilitation process
- multi-disciplinary
- programs 4-8 weeks
- evolving settings of delivery
- institutional to community/ on the job
- goal: return to work (part/ full time)
- early intervention is key to positive outcomes (usually after injury)
work hardening program
- entry and exit evaluation (typically via FCE)
- individualize goal setting
- job site evaluation
- graded work simulation
- graded strengthening and cardiovascular conditioning
- education
job demand analysis parameters - level of work/ strength demands
sedentary - very heavy
job demand analysis parameters - physical demand frequencies
never - constantly
pre-employment testing - (job offer must be made to candidate FIRST!!)
- isometric strength testing
- ROM testing
- selected tasks from actual job
- offered: preferable after job offer as been (conditionally) extended
- ADA and reasonable accommodations
- disqualified if you cannot meet the minimum criteria
ergonomic and injury prevention consultation def. cont. (risk factor control strategies)
engineering controls
- design/ modify work station, methods, or tools
work practice controls
- policy and procedure modification for safe task performance
selection and use of PPE
- size, fit, and appropriateness
administrative controls
- decreasing duration, frequency, or severity of exposure
work - future areas of growth
- special education transition programs
- work readiness programs
- older workers
- ergonomics
- advanced training and certification
- OTA, ergonomics, and supervision
