Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHYS REHAB > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

Burns, Amputations, Muscle Strength, MMT, Cardiac and Pulmonary Dysfunction, Ethics/Scope of PAMS, Prosthetic Devices and How They Work (71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

causes of muscle weakness

A
  • lower motor neuron diseases
  • primary muscle disease
  • neurological diseases
  • disuse/ immobilization
  • secondary symptom
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MMT contraindications

A
  • inflammation/ pain
  • fracture/ dislocation
  • myositis ossificans
  • bone carcinoma
  • other fragile bone disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MMT limitations

A
  • cannot measure muscle endurance, coordination, or task performance
  • will not get accurate results with spasticity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MMT 3 and higher requires:

A

full ROM AGAINST gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MMT 2 and lower requires:

A

gravity ELIMINATED position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dynamometer assess:

A

grip strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pinch meter assesses:

A

pinch strength
- three jaw chuck
- lateral pinch
- two-point pinch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

factors to consider when planning intervention for muscle strength

A
  • degree of weakness
  • generalized or specific
  • imbalance between agonist/ antagonist
  • impact on occupations
  • orthosis needed?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

general purpose of therapeutic exercise (documentation purposes)

A
  • develop awareness of normal movement patterns
  • aid in overcoming ROM deficits
  • develop strength/ endurance for function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

types of exercises (5)

A
  • active-assisted
  • active
  • resistive
  • progressive resistive
  • isometric
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

for STRENGTHENING:

A

INCREASE load, DECREASE reps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

for ENDURANCE/TOLERANCE:

A

INCREASE reps, DECREASE load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cause of MI

A
  • reduced blood flow to the heart for an extended period
  • leads to damage, necrosis or death of cardiac tissues
  • coronary artery disease - atherosclerosis
  • spasm of coronary artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

symptoms of MI

A
  • pain/pressure in chest that may radiate to teeth, jaw, ear, arm, or mid-back
  • nausea/ vomiting
  • SOB
  • diaphoresis
  • fatigue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

risk factors of MI

A

modifiable vs. non-modifiable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

medical management for MI

A
  • medication
  • balloon angioplasty
  • atherectomy
  • CABG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sternal precautions

A
  • avoid completing asynchronous UE movements
  • avoid activities that cause feelings of sternal clicking or shifting
  • avoid shoulder flexion beyond 90 degrees/ other excessive shoulder movements
  • no lifting 5-10 lbs+ (push/pull)
  • use small pillow held against sternum when coughing or mobility transitions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cause of CHF

A
  • chronic/ progressive condition in which the heart loses the ability to pump effectively
  • causes: CAD, hypertension, MI
  • results in: fluid in lungs, edema in LEs and abdomen, physiological changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

symptoms of CHF

A
  • sudden weight gain
  • SOB, wheezing/ coughing
  • fatigue
  • decreased appetite
  • changes in sleep patterns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

risk factors of CHF

A

modifiable vs. non-modifiable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

medical management for CHF

A
  • medication
  • lifestyle change
  • goals (maintain optimal cardiac function; reduce exacerbation)
    surgeries
  • valve replacement
  • defibrillator placement
  • LVAD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

physical impact of CHF

A
  • fatigue/ decreased activity tolerance
  • decreased strength
  • decreased UE and LE ROM
  • SOB/ difficulty breathing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

psychosocial impact of CHF

A
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • PTSD
  • anger/ hostility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cardiovascular conditions +

A
  • hypertension
  • cardiomyopathy
  • angina pectoris
  • arrhythmia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
phases of cardiac rehab
1: Inpatient - mobilization, ADL retraining, education/ HEP 2: Outpatient - supervised exercise, education 3: Community-Based - maintenance program
26
cardiac rehab interventions +
- strength and endurance training - stress management and coping techniques - lifestyle modification education - addressing edema - addressing SOB
27
COPD includes:
- emphysema - "pink puffers" - chronic bronchitis - "blue bloaters" - peripheral airway disease
28
medical management for COPD
- medications - supplemental O2
29
physical impact of COPD
- postural abnormalities - decreased strength & activity tolerance - fatigue/ SOB - postural control - cognitive changes
30
psychosocial impact of COPD
- anxiety/ depression - altered body image
31
O2 safety tips!!
- avoid open flames - store cylinders properly and safely - turn off valves when not in use - avoid products with petroleum; use water-based around the nose instead - always follow instructions of the company for safe use - tubing can become a falls risks!
32
pulmonary conditions +
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (hardening of lungs) - cystic fibrosis (thick mucus) - kyphoscoliosis (restricts lung expansion)
33
general goals of pulmonary rehab
- increase ADLs, func. mob., other occs. - increase strength, activity tol., balance, and use of breathing patterns - increase QoL, and occ engagement - improve coping skills to manage SOB - decrease anxiety and symptoms educate clients/ caregivers to support carryover of recommendations
34
pulmonary rehab interventions +
- strength and endurance training - breathing techniques (PLB, DB, AE) - coughing techniques - EC, WS - stress management/ coping techniques
35
breathing techniques
- pursed-lip breathing (PLB) - active expiration - diaphragmatic breathing
36
EC & WS tips:
- sit when possible - rest breaks - spread heavy/ light tasks throughout day - keep items in easy reach, work at own pace - use AE - minimize movements - support elbows - push/pull items on counter rather than lifting - allow time to prevent rushing - prioritize what is most important
37
interdisciplinary teams
- PT - SLP - dietician - psychologist, counselor, social worker, pastoral care - RT
38
skilled OT interventions: vital signs
- create daily vital signs diary - develop self-awareness strategies - teach compensatory techniques - teach self-advocacy
39
signs & symptoms of exercise and activity intolerance
- chest pain (angina) - pain radiating to teeth, jaw, ear, or UE - severe SOB - extreme fatigue - nausea/ vomiting - weight gain of 3-5 lbs in short time
40
SUPERFICIAL BURN: skin layers affected; symptoms; healing; scarring
- epidermis only - painful, no blisters, red, blanches to touch - heals in 3-5 days - no scar
41
SUPERFICIAL PARTIAL-THICKNESS BURN: skin layers affected; symptoms; healing; scarring
- epidermis and top of dermis - painful, blisters, moist, red, blanches to touch with brisk capillary refill - heals before 21 days - risk of pigment change (color difference)
42
DEEP PARTIAL-THICKNESS BURN: skin layers affected; symptoms; healing; scarring
- epidermis and deeper into dermis - less painful sloughed skin, dryer, pale red, may blanch with slow to no capillary refill - heals in greater than 21 days, usually needs surgery via skin grafting to heal - scarring, risk for hypertrophic scarring and contractures
43
FULL-THICKNESS BURN: skin layers affected; symptoms; healing; scarring
- epidermis and entire dermis - no pain, pale, brown, white, red, leather-like, dry, no blanching, thrombosed vessels - will not heal (unless small), requires surgical skin grafting to heal - high risk for hypertrophic scarring and contracture
44
severity of burns (3)
- total surface area - age - premorbid health
45
burn complications
- capillary leak - burn edema - burn shock - hypo/hyperthermia - increased metabolic rate - vascular compromise - respiratory compromise - compartment syndrome
46
burn infection protection
- wound excision/ debridement
47
burns: stages of wound healing
- hemostasis - inflammation - replication/ proliferation - synthesis/ remodeling
48
burn wound healing factors
- age - nutrition - infection - other illnesses - medications
49
types of burn wound coverage
temp. skin substitutes - xenograft - homograft/ allograft permanent coverage - split thickness sheet skin grafts (STSG) - full thickness sheet grafts (FTSG)
50
burn scar management overview
- scar contracture - hypertrophic scarring - interventions essential before scar matures
51
OTs role in burn and scar management
- orthoses - ADLs - family/ caregiver involvement - functional mobility - standard precautions - proper wound/ skin care
52
burns: acute phase
- depends on burn severity - goal - prevent deformity
53
burns: acute phase; OT interventions
manual therapy - scar management/ massage - AAROM - edema reduction - positioning - composite stretching therapeutic activity/ exercise - ADL retraining - functional mobility - endurance activities neuromuscular reeducation orthosis fabrication - preventative - protective - contraindications/ precautions strengthening positioning
54
burns: rehabilitation phase
- inpatient/ outpatient - after burns heal
55
burns: rehabilitation phase; OT interventions
scar management - scar massage - gels/ gel sheets - silicone products corrective orthosis premature rupture of membranes (PROM)/ AAROM/AROM strengthening HEP nerve reeducation desensitization modalities - compression therapy - sun protection - skin care
56
OTA role in burn scar management
- scar massage - client and family education - silicone products - scar remodeling - compression
57
psychological factors in burn rehabilitation (5)
- cognition - pain - anxiety - depression - self-image
58
common OT goals in first few week post burn
- Client/family will verbalize understanding of burn rehabilitation process - Client will be independent in HEP for ROM - Client will increase AROM/PROM of upper extremities in order to be independent with ADLs and reduce potential for burn scar contracture - Client will maintain proper positioning for edema control to optimize wound healing
59
common OT goals after meeting functional ROM post burn
- ADLs - IADLs - rest/sleep - leisure - return to work
60
causes of amputations
- traumatic - congenital - disease process
61
psychosocial factors of amputations
- self awareness - performance skills and patterns - social interactions - stages of grief - depression and anxiety
62
phantom pain vs. phantom sensation: treatment
- medication - TENS - mirror therapy - biofeedback/ behavioral treatment - surgical intervention changes in sensation
63
components of prosthesis (3)
- socket - suspension - terminal device
64
types of UE prostheses (5)
- passive - body powered (voluntary opening; voluntary closing) - myoelectric - hybrid - activity specific
65
prosthetic application
suspension - liner - pin prosthetic socks donning - transtibial - transfemoral - UE knee locking
66
Phase 1: early management and wound healing (amputations)
- ROM - limb care - shrinking and shaping (shrinker/ wrapping) - wound management - immediate postoperative prosthesis (IPOP) - early postoperative prosthesis (EPOP) - skin care - limb shrinking and shaping - desensitization
67
Phase 2: preprosthetic program, preparation, training (amputations)
- increasing general endurance and stamina - limb strengthening and ROM - participation in ADLs - use of affected/ unaffected limbs - AE - education/ training - one-handed/ cross-dominance training - myosite training
68
Phase 3: prosthetic training (amputations)
- donning/ doffing prosthesis - controls training for elbow, wrist, and terminal device - body-powered - myoelectric - proportional control - ADL activity using affected UE as an assist - ADL activity with a LE prosthesis and mobility device
69
Phase 4: advanced prosthetic training (amputations)
- incorporating UE prosthesis use into ADLs, IADLs, health management, work, and leisure - minimizing compensatory movements and biomechanical stress to uninvolved limb - participation in ADLs, IADLs, work, and leisure activities with LE prosthesis - bilateral high complexity prosthetics
70
reasons for limited prosthetic use
- age - comorbidities/ medical history - cardiovascular tolerance - skin integrity/ circulation - UE strength - condition/ strength of intact LE - fitness level - body weight and type
71
8 parts of prosthesis
- terminal device - wrist unit - wrist flexion unit - forearm - elbow - triceps cuff - harness - control cable + turntable

PHYS REHAB (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions