Exam 4 review Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of isoniazid?
Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acids, which are essential components of mycobacterial cell walls.
What is the therapeutic use for gentamicin?
Broad-spectrum treatment of serious urinary, respiratory, nervous, or GI infections when less toxic antibiotics are contraindicated. Activity includes Enterobacter, E. Coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. Gentamicin is effective against a few gram-positive bacteria, including some strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA).
What is the mechanism of action of erythromycin?
Inhibits protein synthesis
What is the therapeutic use for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?
Treatment of urinary tract infections. It is also approved for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, shigella infections of the small bowel, and for acute episodes of chronic bronchitis.
What is the pharmacologic class for isoniazid?
Mycolic acid inhibitor
What is the mechanism of action of tetracycline?
Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, prevents cell replication.
What is the mechanism of action of gentamicin?
Inhibits protein synthesis, disrupting call membrane, & killing bacteria.
What is the mechanism of action of mebendazole?
Inhibits microtubule formation and glucose uptake
What is the mechanism of action of fluconazole?
Interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol.
What is the therapeutic use for chloroquine?
Prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. (Effective in treating the erythrocytic stage, but has no activity against latent Plasmodium.) Also used off-label for the treatment of rheumatic and inflammatory disorders, including lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
What is the mechanism of action of amphotericin B?
Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, causing them to become permeable or leaky
What is the mechanism of action of chloroquine?
Concentrates in the food vacuoles of Plasmodium residing in red blood cells, where it is believed to prevent the metabolism of heme, which then builds to toxic levels within the parasite
What is the therapeutic class for metronidazole?
Anti-infective, antiprotozoan
What is the therapeutic class lopinavir with ritonavir?
Antiretroviral
What is the mechanism of action of lopinavir with ritonavir?
Prevents production of mature virion.
What is the trade name for zidovudine?
Retrovir
What is the pharmacologic class of acyclovir?
Nucleoside analog
What is the pharmacologic class for methotrexate?
Antimetabolite, folic acid analog
What is the therapeutic use for doxorubicin?
Broad-spectrum cytotoxic antibiotic, prescribed for solid tumors of the lung, breast, ovary, and bladder, and for various leukemias and lymphomas.
What is the therapeutic use for cyclophosphamide?
Used alone, or in combination with other drugs, against a wide variety of cancers, including Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Immunosuppression for the prophylaxis of organ transplant rejection and to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE).
What is the pharmacologic class for doxorubicin?
antitumor antibiotic
What is the trade name for dextromethorphan?
Robitussin DM
What is the trade name for fluticasone?
Flonase
What is the therapeutic use for oxymetazoline
Treatment of nasal congestion.
What is the therapeutic use for diphenhydramine?
Treat minor symptoms of allergy and the common cold such as sneezing, runny nose, and tearing of the eyes. Other indications include Parkinson’s disease, motion sickness, and insomnia.
What is the pharmacologic class for salmeterol?
Beta2-adrenergic agonist
What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium?
Antagonizes acetylcholine receptors, producing bronchodilation.
What is the therapeutic class for zafirlukast?
Anti-inflammatory drug for asthma prophylaxis
What is the therapeutic use for beclomethasone?
A preferred drug for the long-term management of persistent asthma in both children and adults.
What is the therapeutic use for ranitidine?
Short-term treatment of active duodenal or benign gastric ulcers; treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions; prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers; treatment of erosive GERD; relief of symptoms of heartburn and acid indigestion.
What is the pharmacologic class for ranitidine?
H2-receptor antagonist
What is the therapeutic use for aluminum hydroxide?
Most effectively used in combination with other antiulcer agents for the symptomatic relief of heartburn due to PUD or GERD.
What is the trade name for sulfasalazine?
Azulfidine
What is the therapeutic class for sulfasalazine?
Drug for inflammatory bowel disease
What is the therapeutic class for prochlorperazine?
Antiemetic
What is the pharmacologic class for diphenoxylate with atropine
Opiod
What is the mechanism of action of desmopressin?
Acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of water.
What is the trade name for propylthiouracil?
PTU
What is the therapeutic use for levothyroxine?
Drug of choice for replacement therapy in patients with low thyroid function
What is the trade name for hydrocortisone?
Cortef
What is the trade name for human regular insulin?
Humulin R
What is the pharmacologic class for human regular insulin?
Short-acting hypoglycemic agent
What is the pharmacologic class for chloropropamide?
Sulfonylureas, first-generation
What is the trade name for medroxyprogesterone acetate?
Provera
What is the trade name for oxytocin?
Pitocin
What is the trade name for estradiol and norethindrone?
Ortho-Novum
What is the mechanism of action of conjugated estrogens?
Increases bone density and reduces LDL cholesterol. It may also lower the risk of coronary artery disease and colon cancer in some patients.
What is the trade name for testosterone?
none
What is the therapeutic use for testosterone?
Treatment of delayed puberty and hypogonadism in males; treatment of erectile dysfunction that is caused by low androgen levels; palliative treatment of inoperable breast cancer in women.
What is the therapeutic class for finasteride?
Drug for PBH
