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Pharm > Exam 4 review > Flashcards

Exam 4 review Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mechanism of action of isoniazid?

A

Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acids, which are essential components of mycobacterial cell walls.

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2
Q

What is the therapeutic use for gentamicin?

A

Broad-spectrum treatment of serious urinary, respiratory, nervous, or GI infections when less toxic antibiotics are contraindicated. Activity includes Enterobacter, E. Coli, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. Gentamicin is effective against a few gram-positive bacteria, including some strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA).

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3
Q

What is the mechanism of action of erythromycin?

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

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4
Q

What is the therapeutic use for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?

A

Treatment of urinary tract infections. It is also approved for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, shigella infections of the small bowel, and for acute episodes of chronic bronchitis.

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5
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for isoniazid?

A

Mycolic acid inhibitor

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tetracycline?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, prevents cell replication.

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action of gentamicin?

A

Inhibits protein synthesis, disrupting call membrane, & killing bacteria.

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action of mebendazole?

A

Inhibits microtubule formation and glucose uptake

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9
Q

What is the mechanism of action of fluconazole?

A

Interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol.

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10
Q

What is the therapeutic use for chloroquine?

A

Prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. (Effective in treating the erythrocytic stage, but has no activity against latent Plasmodium.) Also used off-label for the treatment of rheumatic and inflammatory disorders, including lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of amphotericin B?

A

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, causing them to become permeable or leaky

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of chloroquine?

A

Concentrates in the food vacuoles of Plasmodium residing in red blood cells, where it is believed to prevent the metabolism of heme, which then builds to toxic levels within the parasite

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13
Q

What is the therapeutic class for metronidazole?

A

Anti-infective, antiprotozoan

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14
Q

What is the therapeutic class lopinavir with ritonavir?

A

Antiretroviral

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of lopinavir with ritonavir?

A

Prevents production of mature virion.

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16
Q

What is the trade name for zidovudine?

A

Retrovir

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17
Q

What is the pharmacologic class of acyclovir?

A

Nucleoside analog

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18
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for methotrexate?

A

Antimetabolite, folic acid analog

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19
Q

What is the therapeutic use for doxorubicin?

A

Broad-spectrum cytotoxic antibiotic, prescribed for solid tumors of the lung, breast, ovary, and bladder, and for various leukemias and lymphomas.

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20
Q

What is the therapeutic use for cyclophosphamide?

A

Used alone, or in combination with other drugs, against a wide variety of cancers, including Hodgkin’s disease, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. Immunosuppression for the prophylaxis of organ transplant rejection and to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE).

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21
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for doxorubicin?

A

antitumor antibiotic

22
Q

What is the trade name for dextromethorphan?

A

Robitussin DM

23
Q

What is the trade name for fluticasone?

A

Flonase

24
Q

What is the therapeutic use for oxymetazoline

A

Treatment of nasal congestion.

25
Q

What is the therapeutic use for diphenhydramine?

A

Treat minor symptoms of allergy and the common cold such as sneezing, runny nose, and tearing of the eyes. Other indications include Parkinson’s disease, motion sickness, and insomnia.

26
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for salmeterol?

A

Beta2-adrenergic agonist

27
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ipratropium?

A

Antagonizes acetylcholine receptors, producing bronchodilation.

28
Q

What is the therapeutic class for zafirlukast?

A

Anti-inflammatory drug for asthma prophylaxis

29
Q

What is the therapeutic use for beclomethasone?

A

A preferred drug for the long-term management of persistent asthma in both children and adults.

30
Q

What is the therapeutic use for ranitidine?

A

Short-term treatment of active duodenal or benign gastric ulcers; treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions; prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers; treatment of erosive GERD; relief of symptoms of heartburn and acid indigestion.

31
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for ranitidine?

A

H2-receptor antagonist

32
Q

What is the therapeutic use for aluminum hydroxide?

A

Most effectively used in combination with other antiulcer agents for the symptomatic relief of heartburn due to PUD or GERD.

33
Q

What is the trade name for sulfasalazine?

A

Azulfidine

34
Q

What is the therapeutic class for sulfasalazine?

A

Drug for inflammatory bowel disease

35
Q

What is the therapeutic class for prochlorperazine?

A

Antiemetic

36
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for diphenoxylate with atropine

A

Opiod

37
Q

What is the mechanism of action of desmopressin?

A

Acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of water.

38
Q

What is the trade name for propylthiouracil?

A

PTU

39
Q

What is the therapeutic use for levothyroxine?

A

Drug of choice for replacement therapy in patients with low thyroid function

40
Q

What is the trade name for hydrocortisone?

A

Cortef

41
Q

What is the trade name for human regular insulin?

A

Humulin R

42
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for human regular insulin?

A

Short-acting hypoglycemic agent

43
Q

What is the pharmacologic class for chloropropamide?

A

Sulfonylureas, first-generation

44
Q

What is the trade name for medroxyprogesterone acetate?

A

Provera

45
Q

What is the trade name for oxytocin?

A

Pitocin

46
Q

What is the trade name for estradiol and norethindrone?

A

Ortho-Novum

47
Q

What is the mechanism of action of conjugated estrogens?

A

Increases bone density and reduces LDL cholesterol. It may also lower the risk of coronary artery disease and colon cancer in some patients.

48
Q

What is the trade name for testosterone?

A

none

49
Q

What is the therapeutic use for testosterone?

A

Treatment of delayed puberty and hypogonadism in males; treatment of erectile dysfunction that is caused by low androgen levels; palliative treatment of inoperable breast cancer in women.

50
Q

What is the therapeutic class for finasteride?

A

Drug for PBH

Pharm (7 decks)

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