exam 4 practice exams

Question 1

A servant leader is a person that focuses on the needs, objectives, and aspirations of team members to help them achieve organizational goals.

Answer 1

true

Question 2

Transactional leadership involves creating and communicating a higher-level vision in a charismatic way that elicits an emotional response.

Answer 2

false

Question 3

Fiedler’s contingency theory matches the most suitable leadership style with a particular business situation.

Answer 3

true

Question 4

Authentic leadership includes behavior that encourage positive psychological capacities, an ethical climate, greater self-awareness, an internalized moral perspective, a balanced processing of information, and self-development.

Answer 4

true

Question 5

Every leader is asked to be a manager.

Answer 5

false

Question 6

Power is the ability to coerce.

Answer 6

false

Question 7

The modality of communication has had an impact on leadership and how leaders operate within an organization.

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Positional powers are obtained by being perceived as likeable and well-informed.

Answer 8

false

Question 9

The process of influence aimed at directing behavior toward the accomplishment of objectives is known as:

Answer 9

leadership

Question 10

__________ power is how a manager influences people through the threat of or actual negative consequences for undesired actions.

Answer 10

Coercive

Question 11

Self-management can be defined as:

Answer 11

the ability to have power over one’s own emotions

Question 12

Which type of strategy is aimed at reshaping certain key mental processes in order to facilitate more positive and optimistic thinking patterns?

Answer 12

Constructive thought

Question 13

_________ is the ability to influence how others behave.

Answer 13

Power

Question 14

Which of the following kinds of power results from the influence that a manager has because of his or her title inside an organization or status in a community?

Answer 14

Legitimate

Question 15

Which of the following types of leaders emphasize employee self-influence processes rather than hierarchical control processes and actively encourages followers to take ownership of their own behaviors and work processes?

Answer 15

Empowering leaders

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a basic category of self-leadership strategies?

Answer 16

Self-direction strategies

Question 17

Shared leadership is a collaborative process in which team members share key leadership roles, including:

Answer 17

a. Transactional roles
b. Transformational roles
c. Directive roles
d. Social supportive roles
e. All of the above

Question 18

The ___________ perspective is a system of ideas that focuses on identifying effective leaders through personal characteristics that are difficult to obtain or cannot be learned.

Answer 18

Trait

Question 19

Which of the following powers is NOT a type of positional power?

Answer 19

Expert

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the five major leadership traits according to the textbook?

Answer 20

Likability

Question 21

Who developed the Situational Leadership Model?

Answer 21

Hersey and Blanchard

Question 22

This leadership process is divided into behavior-focused strategies, natural reward strategies, and constructive thought strategies.

Answer 22

Self-leadership

Question 23

This type of leader focuses on followers and their situation to achieve the best results:

Answer 23

Servant

Question 24

Which of the following kinds of power results from a manager’s appealing traits or resources, such as charisma?

Answer 24

Referent

Question 25

The __________ perspective is a system of ideas that focuses on identifying effective leaders through personal characteristics that are difficult to obtain or cannot be learned.

Answer 25

trait

Question 26

An internal locus of control is a belief that there is nothing we can do to affect the outcome; we are simply pawns of our fate.

Answer 26

false

Question 27

Creativity is the ability to devise innovative ideas to meet the needs of a particular task or organizational goal.

Answer 27

true

Question 28

Challenging work is made up of both pleasureful and purposeful tasks.

Answer 28

true

Question 29

Individuals with a high level of self-efficacy are more motivated to stand up for what they believe in.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Psychological contracts are formal or informal agreements intended to entice positive or desirable behaviors.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

When individuals focus on the positive and filter out the negative, or vice versa, it is known as selective perception.

Answer 31

true

Question 32

Perception is the process by which individuals select, interpret, and organize information in the world around them.

Answer 32

true

Question 33

As defined in the chapter, quantifiable efforts produced by an employee, based on role and responsibilities, are known as:

Answer 33

contributions

Question 34

Taking a position against something or someone even though you know the outcome may be unpopular is an example of:

Answer 34

moral courage

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?

Answer 35

Candor

Question 36

The tendency to ascribe unfairly characteristics or attributes to a particular group or individual is known as:

Answer 36

stereotyping

Question 37

The psychological strain that occurs when a person is faced with two or more conflicting cognitions (e.g., beliefs, attitudes, or items of knowledge) is known as:

Answer 37

cognitive dissonance

Question 38

The capacity to recognize and appreciate emotional responses in one’s self and others is known as:

Answer 38

emotional intelligence

Question 39

The physiological and emotional reactions experienced by individuals to excessive pressures or demands at work is commonly called:

Answer 39

stress

Question 40

An ascribed quality or characteristic that is related to a particular individual or situation is:

Answer 40

an attribution

Question 41

___________ is when an individual exhibits thoughtfulness, organization, and responsibility in the pursuit of goals.

Answer 41

Conscientiousness

Question 42

The outward display of affirming emotions, such as happiness, optimism, and encouragement, is known as:

Answer 42

positive affectivity (PA)

Question 43

Absenteeism, burnout, and low productivity are all consequences of:

Answer 43

stress

Question 44

Which of the following is the degree to which an employee is psychologically devoted to an organization or team?

Answer 44

commitment

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

Answer 45

fear

Question 46

Inducements are:

Answer 46

formal or informal agreement intended to entice positive or desirable behaviors

Question 47

____________ involves continually seeking pathways for possibilities and looking for opportunities to learn and grow.

Answer 47

Purposeful thinking

Question 48

The extent to which a person believes in his or her own competence regarding a process or task is known as:

Answer 48

self-efficacy

Question 49

In business, the commitment to the overall functions of the team and organizational culture in order to improve performance is often called:

Answer 49

citizenship

Question 50

______________ include intentional behaviors and attitudes that differ from the accepted social norms in an honorable way.

Answer 50

Positive deviance

Question 51

In the basic model of communication, the sender transmits or encodes the message through a chosen communication channel, and the receiver must try and decode or interpret the meaning of the message that is being delivered.

Answer 51

true

Question 52

Body (nonverbal) language refers exclusively to the use of American Sign Language (ASL) in the communication process.

Answer 52

false

Question 53

The two factors of the Two-Factor theory are hygiene and motivators.

Answer 53

true

Question 54

Face-to-face discussion is considered the richest form of communication, as it allows for direct personal contact, instant feedback, and immediate clarification.

Answer 54

true

Question 55

Twitter is an example of a communication channel according to the text.

Answer 55

true

Question 56

Equity theory holds that individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated unfairly as compared to their fellow workers or those in other firms.

Answer 56

false

Question 57

Two types of behavior modification are positive reinforcement and avoidance learning.

Answer 57

true

Question 58

A Reward System provides special recognition, prizes, and incentives for tasks, and jobs well done.

Answer 58

true

Question 59

The act of transmitting information, thought, and processes through various channels is known as:

Answer 59

communication

Question 60

The system of resources used as a channel for communication, such as the internet, for groups of people to connect is called:

Answer 60

communication network

Question 61

Within the Shannon-Weaver Communications Model, ___________ is anything that hampers communication between a sender and receiver.

Answer 61

noise

Question 62

Motivation may be defined as:

Answer 62

an incentive or drive to complete a task, function, or idea

Question 63

A _____________ is when several individuals manifest and spread generally inaccurate or misleading information throughout the organization.

Answer 63

gossip chain

Question 64

Which of the following theories of motivation suggests that individuals are more likely to be motivated and perform well if they expect to receive desired rewards?

Answer 64

Expectancy Theory

Question 65

A system that allows employees to share in any cost savings made by the firm is called:

Answer 65

gain sharing

Question 66

Which of the following behavior modification tools involves withholding praise or a positive reward?

Answer 66

Extinction

Question 67

Which of the following was developed by Abraham Maslow in 1943?

Answer 67

Hierarchy of Needs

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of the ERG theory?

Answer 68

esteem

Question 69

Which of the following is NOT a barrier to communication?

Answer 69

Constrained emotions

Question 70

In which type of reward system are awards or prizes given at a specific rate as accomplishments occur?

Answer 70

Piece-rate incentives

Question 71

The Equity theory states that:

Answer 71

individuals are more motivated if they perceive they are being treated as fairly as their fellow workers or those in other firms

Question 72

According to the Shannon-Weaver Communications Model, the sender encodes a message through a communication __________ and then the receiver must decode the message that is being delivered.

Answer 72

channel

Question 73

Which of the following is NOT one of the three categories of human needs in Alderfer’s ERG Theory of Motivation?

Answer 73

Relaxation

Question 74

Which of the following communication channels would include social networking (Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.)?

Answer 74

Electronic communication

Question 75

____________ is/are based on specific accomplishments with rewards given for achievement of specified measurements.

Answer 75

Merit-based pay