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Anatomy > Exam 4: Pelvic girdle and Hip > Flashcards

Exam 4: Pelvic girdle and Hip Flashcards

0
Q

intertrochanteric line

A

anterior femur, connects greater/lesser trochanter

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1
Q

gluteal lines on ilium and gluteal muscles

A

posterior: vertical
anterior: oblique, anterior to posterior gluteal line
inferior: oblique, inferior to anterior gluteal line

glute max: posterior to gluteal line
glute med: attaches between anterior & posterior gluteal lines
glute min: attaches between anterior & inferior gluteal lines

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2
Q

intertrochanteric crest

A

posterior femur, connects greater/lesser trochanter

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3
Q

quadrate tubercle & line

A

tubercle: mid intertrochanteric crest
line: vertical line on inferior aspect of quadrate tubercle

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4
Q

pectineal line & spiral line

A

pectineal: vertical line with superior end on inferior aspect of lesser trochanter
spiral: continuation of intertrochanteric line that continues inferiorly (anterior to pectineal line) and helps form medial lip of linea aspera

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5
Q

gluteal tuberosity

A

superior end of lateral lip of linea aspera for attachment of glute max

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6
Q

motions at hip joint

A

flex, ext, IR, ER, Abd, Add

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7
Q

acetabulum

A

ilium, ischium, pubis
labrum: fibrocartilage
acetabular notch bridged by transverse acetabular lig

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8
Q

round ligament (ligamentum teres)

A
  • arises from transverse acetabular lig
  • inserts into fovea capitis of femur
  • carries blood vessels to head of femur
  • also a conduit for obturator nerve (through obturator canal)
  • limited stability role

**damage to round ligament (head of femur) –>avascular necrosis

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9
Q

characteristics of hip joint capsule

A
  • strong/dense: contributes to stability
  • femoral neck = intracapsular
  • greater and lesser trochanters extracapsular
  • 2 sets of fibers
    • longitudinal fibers: superficial
    • circular fibers: zona orbicularis
  • thickened anterosuperior
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10
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A
  • Y ligament of Bigelow
  • AIIS to intertrochanteric line
  • strongest in the hip
  • Taut in: extension, ER
  • Superior fibers: taut in adduction
  • inferior fibers: taut in abd
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11
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A
  • pubic ramus to intertrochanteric fossa
  • taut in abd, ext, ER

*iliofemoral & pubofemoral lig.’s form a “Z” on ant. capsule

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12
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A
  • posterior acetabular rim & labrum to zona orbicularis and inner surface of Gr. Troch.
  • tightens w/ IR, ER
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13
Q

all hip joint ligaments tighten/relax when?

A

tighten w/ extension, relax in flexion

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14
Q

blood supply of hip region

A
  • med & lat femoral circumflex A (from profunda femoral A)

- obturator A, superior gluteal A, inferior gluteal A (all 3 are branches of internal iliac )

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15
Q

profunda femoris artery

A

off femoral A below inguinal ligament
branches:
-med/lat femoral circumflex A (supply femoral head/neck from distal end)
-perforating branches

16
Q

intracapsular hip Fx

A

occurs @ femoral neck–>damages obturator A –>femoral head necrosis

17
Q

sensory innervation to hip

A

femoral N
Obturator N
sciatic N (through N to quadratus femoris)
*occasionally Sup & Inf Gluteal N from sacral plexus

18
Q

5 bursae of hip region

A
  1. ob internus
  2. ob externus
  3. trochanteric (associated w/ glutes)
  4. gluteofemoral (associated w/ glutes)
  5. ischial bursa (associated w/ glutes)
19
Q

muscles of gluteal region (10)

A
  1. glut max: ext, ER of femur; trunk ext
  2. glut med: abd, IR (ant fibers), ER (post fibers); extend femur when hip is flexed
  3. glut min: abd, IR of femur
  4. piriformis: hip ER (when hip is extended); IR w/ hip flexed> 90
  5. quadratus femoris: ER
  6. sup gemellus: ER
  7. inf gemellus: ER
  8. obt internus: ER
  9. obt externus: ER
  10. TFL: ABD, flex, IR of femur
20
Q

short external rotators of hip (6)

A
  1. piriformis
  2. obturator internus
  3. obt externus
  4. sup gemellus
  5. inf gemellus
  6. quadratus femoris
21
Q

medial rotators of hip

A

No muscles dedicated for solely IR
Glut max may assist w/ IR in extreme hip flex
piriformis in hip flex >90
Ant portions of Glut med & glut min when hip flexed
TFL

22
Q

hip abductors

A

glut med, min

OKC:

  • abduct
  • ant fibers IR, flex
  • post fibers ER (glut med)

CKC:
-stabilizes the pelvis

N: superior gluteal L4-S1

23
Q

muscles of iliac region

A

iliacus:

  • femoral N L2,3
  • flex femur
psoas maj
-femoral N (L1),L2,3,(L4)
-flex femur, flex and lateral bend L/S
psoas min
-L1, weak flex of LS

**iliacus + psoas maj = iliopsoas

24
Q

iliopsoas

A

small rotary component
affects lumbar lordosis
only flexor that flexes hip past 90 degrees
femoral N L2-4

25
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

2 joint muscle

  • flexes hip and extends knee
  • femoral N L2-4
26
Q

TFL

A

hip flex, abd, IR
decreases tensile stress on lat femur
N: superior gluteal N L4-S1

27
Q

adductors (5)

A
  1. pectineus (also a hip flexor)
  2. gracilis
  3. adductor brevis
  4. add long
  5. add magnus
28
Q

femoral triangle boundaries

A 
ilioinguinal lig (superior)
sartorius (lateral)
add long (medial)
29
Q

hip extensors

A

glut max
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
biceps femoris (long head)

30
Q

hip ROM

A

sagittal plane:

  • flex: 120-135 deg
  • ext: 10-30 deg

frontal plane:

  • abd: 30-50 deg
  • add: 10-30 deg

Anatomy (10 decks)

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