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Biology > Exam 4 Clicker > Flashcards

Exam 4 Clicker Flashcards

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1
Q

A mutation acquired by a bacterium will very likely be inherited by all daughter cells.
True
False

A

True

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2
Q

Which DNA sequences are more alike?
A pair of sister chromatids
A pair of homologous chromosomes
Human chromosomes 1 and 2

A

A pair of sister chromatids

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3
Q

A skin cell in G2 of interphase has ____ as much DNA as it had in G1
Half
Twice
Exactly
One-fourth
Four times

A

Twice

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4
Q

All of the following happen during mitosis except:
Condensing of chromosomes
Separation of sister chromatids at the centromeres
Formation of the spindle
Synthesis of DNA

A

Synthesis of DNA

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5
Q

What would happen during cell division if the cell was deficient in action?
The sister chromatids would not separate
The mitosis spindle would not form
The cell would not divide
The centromeres would remain unattached

A

The cell would not divide

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6
Q

Synapsids occurs during
Prophase of mitosis
Metaphase of mitosis
Anaphase II of mitosis
Prophase I of meiosis
Prophase II of meiosis

A

prophase I of meiosis

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7
Q

Mutationally activated Ras is an example of
A protocol-oncogene
An oncogene
A tumor suppressor
A CDK
Two of the above are correct

A

An oncogene

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8
Q

Cell division signal has activated a cell. New cells required immediately! What happens?
Cell destruction
Cell division
Cell growth
Chromosome duplication
Chromosome separation

A

Cell growth

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9
Q

Cell grows and the first checkpoint is passed. Next Step?
Cell destruction
Cell division
Cell growth
Chromosome duplication
Chromosome separation

A

Chromosome duplication

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10
Q

DNA copied. Next Step?
Cell destruction
Cell division
Cell growth
Chromosome duplication
Chromosome separation

A

Cell growth

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11
Q

Which checkpoints must be passed in G2 and M phase?
DNA damage
Replication
Spindle Assembly

A

Replication
Spindle assembly

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12
Q

What’s next after the checkpoints have passed?
Cell destruction
Cell division
Cell growth
Chromosome duplication
Chromosome separation

A

Chromosome separation

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13
Q

Chromosomes have separated. Next Step?
Cell destruction
Cell division
Cell growth
Chromosome duplication
Chromosome separation

A

Cell division

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14
Q

Given that undamaged DNA is vital to the proper functioning of a cell, what options does a cell have if it detects DNA damage at the DNA damage checkpoint?
The cell copies its chromosomes and enters G2
The cell returns to M phase
The cell dies
The cell fixes the damage then enters S phase

A

The cell dies
The cell fixes the damage then enters S phase

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15
Q

A cell dies in apoptosis because
White blood cells digest it
It has been injured
It has swelled and burst
It is programmed to die

A

It is programmed to die

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16
Q

Which of the following results would be observed after one generation if DNA replication were conservative?
Equal amounts of heavy and light DNA
DNA of intermediate intensity
Just heavy DNA
Just light DNA

A

Equal amounts of heavy and light DNA

17
Q

which of the following results would be observed after one generation if DNA replication were dispersive?
Equal amounts of heavy and light DNA
DNA of Intermediate intensity
Just heavy DNA
Just light DNA

A

DNA of intermediate intensity

18
Q

Which of the following results would be observed after two generations if DNA replication were dispersive?
Equal amounts of heavy and light DNA
DNA of intermediate intensity
Just heavy DNA
Just light DNA

A

DNA of intermediate Intensity

19
Q

How many rounds of DNA replication occurred to get the labeling pattern seen on the right in the previous figure?
0
1
2
3
4

A

2

20
Q

Which enzyme fills in the gap left by the RNA primer during replication?
Primate
Helical
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
DNA ligase

A

DNA polymerase

21
Q

Where is PCR used?
Eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
All cells
The laboratory

A

The laboratory

22
Q

Where do restriction enzymes come from?
Viruses
Protists
Bacteria
Plants

A

Bacteria

23
Q

Which of the following would not block the process of DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase?
Removal of DNA ligase from the DNA replication process
Removal of the 3’-OH from the nucleotides used by DNA polymerase
Removal of the 5’ triphosphate from the nucleotides used by DNA polymerase
Removal of the base from the nucleotides used by DNA polymerase

A

Removal of DNA ligase from the DNA replication process

24
Q

How much of the human genome encodes proteins?
3%
24%
53%
71%
97%

A

All of them

25
Q

Which of the following lacks a genome?
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Virus
All of these have a genome

A

All of these have a genome

26
Q

Which of the following is/are not encoded in the genome?
Proteins
RNAs
Lipids
Carbohydrates

A

Lipids
Carbohydrates

27
Q

How can researchers distinguish exons from introns in DNA?
Only exons code for amino acids
Primers won’t bind to introns
Exons have a characteristic sequence
The sequence of exons complements the mRNA sequence

A

The sequence of exons complements the mRNA sequence

28
Q

A missense mutation may
Disable protein function
Alter protein function
Have no effect on protein function

A

All of the above

29
Q

An insertion of the three nucleotides into the exon of a gene would change the reading from of the mRNA
True
False

A

False

30
Q

Which of the following mutations has the potential to shorten a protein?
Silent
Missense
Nonsense
Frame shift

A

Nonsense
Frame shift

31
Q

Which mutations in a somatic cell are inherited by the progeny of an organism?
Point mutations
Silent mutations
Deletions
All of the above
None of the above

A

None of the above

32
Q

Which enzyme would be used to repair a break in the DNA backbone?
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
Helical
Endonuclease
All of the above

A

DNA ligase

33
Q

Which of the following is considered a mutagen?
Cigarette smoke
Sunlight
X-rays
All of the above

A

All of the above

34
Q

PCR steps in order
Extension
Denaturation
Repeat
Annealing

A

Denaturation, annealing, extension, repeat

35
Q

DNA fingerprinting:
Requires DNA samples from the fingertips of individual tested
Examines the sizes of VNTRs
Requires large amounts of DNA
Determines which genes are turned on
All of the above

A

Examines the sizes of VNTRs

36
Q

What kind of genetic variation involves whole genes?
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
Point mutations
Copy number variation
Variable number of tandem repeats

A

Copy number variation

37
Q

A tripod plant has
One extra chromosome
One extra set of chromosomes
Three chromosomes
Nine chromosomes

A

One extra set of chromosomes

Biology (7 decks)

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