Exam 3-lecture 10

Question 1

Synthesis from light is

Answer 1

photosynthesis

Question 2

What are the two pathways of photosynthesis

Answer 2

Light Reactions
Calvin cycle

Question 3

what is light reaction? what happens to water and what happens to CO2

Answer 3

light energy converted to chemical energy as ATP and NADPH. water is oxidized and CO2 is released

Question 4

what is the Calvin cycle? what happens to CO2

Answer 4

use ATP,NADPH, and CO2 to produce carbohydrates. CO2 is reduced

Question 5

light is a form of

Answer 5

electromagnetic radiation

Question 6

it comes in discrete packets called

Answer 6

photons

Question 7

energy of a photon is proportional to its

Answer 7

wavelegnth

Question 8

true or false. atom is more reactive in the excited state

Answer 8

true. energy from the photon boosts an electron into another shell

Question 9

molecules that absorb specific wavelengths in the visible range of the spectrum are called

Answer 9

pigments

Question 10

Types of pigments that absorb light energy used in photosynthesis are

Answer 10

chlorophyll (main plant pigment)
accessory pigments (absorb in red and blue regions, transfer the energy to chlorophyll)

Question 11

Absorption of visible light by an isolated chlorophyll molecule results in

Answer 11

the release of heat and uorescence when the electron returns to its ground energy state

Question 12

absorption of visible light by an antenna chlorophyll results in

Answer 12

the transfer of energy to an electron in a neighboring chlorophyll molecule

Question 13

pigments are arranged in

Answer 13

antenna systems

Question 14

what does a photosystem consists of

Answer 14

it consists of multiple antenna systems and their pigments surrounding a reaction center

Question 15

reaction center is the

Answer 15

first chemical reaction of photosynthesis

Question 16

Absorption of light energy by photosystem 2 allows for

Answer 16

electrons to be pulled from water to enter the photosynthetic electron transport chain

Question 17

a second input of light energy by photosystem 1 produces

Answer 17

electron donor molecules capable of reducing NADP+

Question 18

What is the Z scheme and what does it yield

Answer 18

Electrons extracted from water and transferred to NADPH, using energy from ps 2 and 1. yields NADPH, ATP and O2

Question 19

The excited chlorophyll is a

Answer 19

reducing agent

Question 20

how is the excited chlorophyll a reducing agent

Answer 20

ps 2 chlorophyll donates an electron to the photosynthetic ETC
ps 1 chlorophyll donates an electron to reduce NADP to NADPH

Question 21

What are the two systems of electron transport

Answer 21

noncyclic and cyclic

Question 22

noncyclic electron transport

Answer 22

produces NADPH and ATP

Question 23

cyclic electron transport

Answer 23

an electron from an excited chlorophyll molecule in PS 1 cycles back to the same chlorophyll molecule. produces ATP only

Question 24

CO2 is added to 5-c RuBP and then breaks down into

Answer 24

2 molecules of 3PGA

Question 25

what is the most abundant protein in the world

Answer 25

rubisco

Question 26

Steps of the Calvin cycle

Answer 26

1. carboxylation
2. reduction
   3.regeneration

Question 27

carboxylation

Answer 27

the addition of CO2 tothe 5-carbon compound RuBP is catalyzed by the enzyme rubisco

Question 28

reduction

Answer 28

NADPH transfers two electrons and one proton; inorganic phosphate is released

Question 29

regeneration of RuBP

Answer 29

3-carbon compounds are reorganized and combined to produce RuBP

Question 30

Excess light to the Calvin Cycle can cause damage. what happens when more NADPH is produced

Answer 30

antioxidants detoxify ROS
Xanthophylls in PS2 convert excess light energy into heat

Question 31

the calvin cycle is in the

Answer 31

chloroplasts

Question 32

the citiric acid cycle is in the

Answer 32

mitochondria