Exam 4 (Ch 20 Test Questions)

Question 1

1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections among clients? The nurse:
   1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap.
   2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds.
   3) washes hands only after leaving each room.
   4) uses cold water for medical asepsis.

Answer 1

3

Question 2

2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized patients?
   1) Airborne microbes from other patients
   2) Contact with contaminated equipment
   3) Hands of healthcare workers
   4) Exposure from family members

Answer 2

3

Question 3

3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining medical asepsis?
   1) Washing hands
   2) Donning gloves
   3) Applying sterile drapes
   4) Wearing a gown

Answer 3

1

Question 4

4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is considered a:
   1) pathogen.
   2) fomite.
   3) vector.
   4) carrier.

Answer 4

4

Question 5

5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse institute when caring for this patient?
   1) Droplet transmission
   2) Airborne transmission
   3) Direct contact
   4) Indirect contact

Answer 5

2

Question 6

6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed?
   1) Endogenous nosocomial
   2) Exogenous nosocomial
   3) Latent
   4) Primary

Answer 6

1

Question 7

7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2 days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of infection is the patient most likely experiencing?
   1) Incubation
   2) Prodromal
   3) Decline
   4) Convalescence

Answer 7

3

Question 8

8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is necessary to help maintain sterile technique?
   1) Closing the patient’s door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field
   2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment
   3) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field
   4) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure

Answer 8

1

Question 9

9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection?
   1) Phagocytosis
   2) Complement cascade
   3) Inflammation
   4) Immunity

Answer 9

3

Question 10

10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving an antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patient’s response?
    1) IgA
    2) IgE
    3) IgG
    4) IgM

Answer 10

2

Question 11

11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of immunoglobulin G?
    1) Cell-mediated
    2) Passive
    3) Humoral
    4) Active

Answer 11

2

Question 12

12. A patient asks the nurse why there is no vaccine available for the common cold. Which response by the nurse is correct?
    1) The virus mutates too rapidly to develop a vaccine.
    2) Vaccines are developed only for very serious illnesses.
    3) Researchers are focusing efforts on an HIV vaccine.
    4) The virus for the common cold has not been identified.

Answer 12

1

Question 13

13. A patient who has a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C) most likely requires:
    1) acetaminophen (Tylenol).
    2) increased fluids.
    3) bedrest.
    4) tepid bath.

Answer 13

2

Question 14

14. Why is a lotion without petroleum preferred over a petroleum-based product as a skin protectant? It:
    1) Prevents microorganisms from adhering to the skin.
    2) Facilitates the absorption of latex proteins through the skin.
    3) Decreases the risk of latex allergies.
    4) Prevents the skin from drying and chaffing.

Answer 14

3

Question 15

15. For which range of time must a nurse wash her hands before working in the operating room?
    1) 1 to 2 minutes
    2) 2 to 4 minutes
    3) 2 to 6 minutes
    4) 6 to 10 minutes

Answer 15

3

Question 16

16. How should the nurse dispose of the breakfast tray of a patient who requires airborne isolation?
    1) Place the tray in a specially marked trash can inside the patient’s room.
    2) Place the tray in a special isolation bag held by a second healthcare worker at the patient’s door.
    3) Return the tray with a note to dietary services so it can be cleaned and reused for the next meal.
    4) Carry the tray to an isolation trash receptacle located in the dirty utility room and dispose of it there.

Answer 16

2

Question 17

17. How much liquid soap should the nurse use for effective hand washing? At least:
    1) 2 mL
    2) 3 mL
    3) 6 mL
    4) 7 mL

Answer 17

2

Question 18

18. To assure effectiveness, when should the nurse stop rubbing antiseptic hand solution over all surfaces of the hands?
    1) When fingers feel sticky
    2) After 5 to 10 seconds
    3) When leaving the client’s room
    4) Once fingers and hands feel dry

Answer 18

4

Question 19

19. A patient is admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy and has a low white blood cell count. Which precaution should the staff take with this patient?
    1) Contact
    2) Protective
    3) Droplet
    4) Airborne

Answer 19

2

Question 20

20. While donning sterile gloves, the nurse notices the edges of the glove package are slightly yellow. The yellow area is over 1 inch away from the gloves and only appears to be on the outside of the glove package. What is the best action for the nurse to take at this point?
    1) Continue using the gloves inside the package because the package is intact.
    2) Remove gloves from sterile field and use a new pair of sterile gloves.
    3) Throw all supplies away that were to be used and begin again.
    4) Use the gloves and make sure the yellow edges of the package do not touch the client.

Answer 20

2

Question 21

21. The nurse is removing personal protective equipment (PPE). Which item should be removed first?
    1) Gown
    2) Gloves
    3) Face shield
    4) Hair covering

Answer 21

2

Question 22

22.	A nurse is splashed in the face by body fluid during a procedure. Prioritize the nurse’s actions, listing the most important one first.
A. Contact employee health
B. Complete an incident report
C. Wash the exposed area
D. Report to another nurse that she is leaving the immediate area.
1)	1, 2, 3, 4
2)	2, 3, 4, 1
3)	3, 4, 1, 2
4)	4, 1, 2, 3

Answer 22

3

Question 23

1. In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.
   1) While interviewing a client with a productive cough
   2) While helping a client to perform his own hygiene care
   3) While aiding a client to ambulate after surgery
   4) While inserting a peripheral intravenous catheter

Answer 23

3,4

Question 24

2. Which of the following protect(s) the body against infection? Select all that apply.
   1) Eating a healthy well-balanced diet
   2) Being an older adult or an infant
   3) Leisure activities three times a week
   4) Exercising for 30 minutes 5 days a week

Answer 24

1, 3, 4

Question 25

3. The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired nursing assistive personnel (NAP) about proper hand washing. The nurse will know that the teaching was effective if the NAP demonstrate what? Select all that apply. The NAP:
   1) uses a paper towel to turn off the faucet.
   2) holds fingertips above the wrists while rinsing off the soap.
   3) removes all rings and watch before washing hands.
   4) cleans underneath each fingernail.

Answer 25

1,3,4

Question 26

4. Alcohol-based solutions for hand hygiene can be used to combat which types of organisms? Select all that apply.
   1) Virus
   2) Bacterial spores
   3) Yeast
   4) Mold

Answer 26

1,3,4

Question 27

5. A patient with tuberculosis is scheduled for computed tomography (CT). How should the nurse proceed? Select all that apply.
   1) Question the order because the patient must remain in isolation.
   2) Place an N-95 respirator mask on the patient and transport him to the test.
   3) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport him to CT lab.
   4) Notify the computed tomography department about precautions prior to transport.

Answer 27

3,4