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NURS 500 > Exam 4 - Behavior and Mental Health > Flashcards

Exam 4 - Behavior and Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five components of the mental health examination?

A
  1. Appearance and behavior
  2. Speech and language
  3. Mood
  4. Thoughts and perceptions
  5. Cognitive function
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2
Q

What is the DSM-5?

A

An official archive of all conditions that are formally recognized as mental disorders

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3
Q

What terminology do we use to refer to level of consciousness and how are these defined?

A
  • Is the patient awake and alert?
  • Does the patient understand your questions and respond appropriately and reasonably quickly or tend to lose track of the topic, grow silent, or even fall asleep?
  • If the patient does not respond*: speak to the patient by name and in a loud voice, shake the patient gently
  • If there is no response*: promptly assess the patient for stupor or coma
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4
Q

What are the classifications of personality disorders? What are their characteristic behavior patterns?

  • A: odd or eccentric disorders
  • B: dramatic, emotional, or erractic disorders
  • C: anxious or fearful disorders
A

A: odd or eccentric disorders

  • Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

Characteristic behavior patterns

  • Distrust and suspiciousness
  • Detachment from social relations with a restricted emotional range
  • Eccentricities in behavior and cognitive distortions; acute discomfort in close relationships
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5
Q

What are the classifications of personality disorders? What are their characteristic behavior patterns?

  • A: odd or eccentric disorders
  • B: dramatic, emotional, or erractic disorders
  • C: anxious or fearful disorders
A

B: dramatic, emotional, or erractic disorders

  • Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

Characteristic behavior patterns

  • Disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others
  • Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affective regulation; impulsivity
  • Excessive emotionality and attention seeking
  • Persisting grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy
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6
Q

What are the classifications of personality disorders? What are their characteristic behavior patterns?

  • A: odd or eccentric disorders
  • B: dramatic, emotional, or erractic disorders
  • C: anxious or fearful disorders
A

C: anxious or fearful disorders

  • Avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive

Characteristic behavior patterns

  • Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
  • Submissive and clinging behavior r/t an excessive need to be taken care of
  • Preoccupation w/ orderliness, perferctionism, and control
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7
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Circumstantiality
A

The mildest thought disorder

  • Speech w/ unnecessary detail, indirection, and delay in reaching the point
  • Some topics may have a meaningful connection

Many people w/o mental disorders have circumstantial speech

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8
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Derailment (loosening of associations)
A

“Tangential” speech w/ shifting topics that are loosely connected or unrelated

  • Patient is unaware of the lack of association
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9
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Flight of ideas
A

An almost continuous flow of accelerated speech w/ abrupt changes from one topic to the next

Changes are based on understandable associations, plays on words, or distracting stimuli, but ideas are not well connected

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10
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Neologisms
A

Invented or distorted words, or words w/ new and highly idiosyncratic meanings

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11
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Incoherence
A

Speech that is incomprehensible and illogical, with lack of meaningful connections, abrupt changes in topic, or disordered grammar or word use

Flight of ideas, when severe, may produce incoherence

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12
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Blocking
A

Sudden interruption of speech in midsentence or before the idea is completed, attributed to “losing the thought”

Blocking occurs in normal people

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13
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Confabulation
A

Fabrication of facts or events in response to questions, to fill in the gaps from impaired memory

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14
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Perseveration
A

Persistent repetition of words or ideas

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15
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Echolalia
A

Repetition of the words and phrases of others

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16
Q

What are variations and abnormalities in thought processes?

  • Clanging
A

Speech w/ choice of words based on sound, rather than meaning, as in rhyming and punning

  • Example: “Look at my eyes and nose, wise eyes and rosy nose. Two to one, the ayes have it!”
17
Q

What could alterations in speech and language indicate?

A

Check the patients speech quality, rate, volume, articulation of words, and fluency

if patients speech lacks meaning or fluency, test for aphasia:

  • Word comprehension - ask patient to follow one-stage or two-stage command
  • Repetition - ask patient to repeat a phrase of one-syllable words
  • Naming - ask patient to name parts of a watch
  • Reading comprehension - ask patient to read paragraph aloud
  • Writing - ask patient to write a sentence
    • A person who can write a correct sentence does not have aphasia
18
Q

What are some of the most important questions to ask of the depressed patient?

A

Over the past 2 weeks,

  • Have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless?
  • Have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things (anhedonia)?
19
Q

What is the difference between anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder?

A

Excessive worry persisting over a 6 month period

20
Q

What is the difference between anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder?

A

Recurrent panic attacks followed by a period of anxiety about further attacks

21
Q

What is the difference between anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder?

A

Intrusive thoughts and ritualistic behaviors

22
Q

What is the difference between anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder?

A

Re-experiencing, avoidance, persistent negative alterations in cognition and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity

23
Q

What is the difference between anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, and social anxiety disorder?

A

Marked anticipatory anxiety in social situations

NURS 500 (8 decks)

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