Exam 4: balancing equations and oxidation states Flashcards
spectator ions
emit from net equation
do not change phases
net ionic equation
no spectator ions, include charges in reactants and all phases
balanced equation
don’t include charges because everything is balanced
include spectator ions
atom oxidized
looses electrons, INCLUDE CHARGE of reactant
LEO goes GER
net charge
sum of oxidation states
THIRD PRIORITY
atom reduced
gains electrons, INCLUDE CHARGE of reactant
LEO goes GER
reducing agent
entire substance that is oxidized
donates electron to the other one
oxidizing agent
entire substance that is reduced
takes electron from other one
OXIDATION STATES
elemental form
Br2, I, N, Cl, H, O, F
Anything on the periodic table and any gas in its natural diatomic atom (H2, O2,)
Oxidation state is 0
FIRST PRIORITY
group 1A
always +1, FOURTH PRIOITY (after elemental forms, monotomic ions, and sum of oxidation states)
group IIA
always +2, FIFTH PRIOITY (after elemental forms, monotomic ions, sum of oxidation states, ** group 1A**)
monatomic ion
equals charge
e.g. Na+
SECOND PRIORITY
priority game after looking at group 1A and 2A
In order of priority:
F(-1), H(+1), O(-2), 7A(-1), 6A(-2), 5A(-3)
does coefficient matter in oxidation states
NO
combustion
CXHY + O2 –> H2O + CO2
