Exam 2: Periodic Trends

Question 1

atomic size/radius

Answer 1

decrease as you move from left to right
increases as you move down a group

Question 2

z eff

Answer 2

effective nuclear charge
z (atomic #) - s (e- shielding/ inner electrons)

what the electron feels from protons in nucleus after being shielded by inner electrons

Question 3

higher z eff =

Answer 3

greater attraction to nucleus

Question 4

anions vs regular vs cations for size of anions

Answer 4

cations (+) smaller
regular
anions (-) larger

Question 5

isoelectronic

Answer 5

same number of electron and same electron configuration

Question 6

ionization energy

Answer 6

amount of energy required to remove lectron from atom in ground state

increases as size decreases
jump from noble gas to after is a lot of energy

Question 7

ionization energy is measured in

Answer 7

KJ/mol

Question 8

Electron Affinity

Answer 8

amount of energy released when electron is added
stronger attraction –> more EA
positve EA –> energy needs to be added to system to accept e-

more EA with smaller size
noble gases are positive because does not want electron
1/2 full p orbitals (e.g. nitrogen) are positive bc unhappy with added

Question 9

FONClBr CSIPH

Answer 9

Elements on left bonded to elements on right make polar covalent bonds

FONClBr –> most electronegative

Question 10

electronegativity

Answer 10

smaller atoms more electronegative