Exam 4 Flashcards
An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is his or her:
personality
According to Bandura, a social-cognitive theorist, personality is dictated by reciprocal determinism, which involves a web of mutual influence among:
behaviors, internal thoughts, and the situation
According to the Freud, the part of personality that represents our sense of right and wrong and our ideal standards is the:
superego
The Trait Approach suggests that personality is made up of specific traits that each of us possess. Which of the following is one of the three main assumptions of this approach?
People vary as to how much of any one trait they possess
Roger’s Self Theory suggests that personality is an expression of our own unique growth and fulfillment. What type of approach is this theory based on?
Humanistic Approach
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is mainly used to?
Diagnose psychological disorders
Which of the following is an example of a projective personality test?
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Terry often behaves in strange ways. He wears clothes that were popular in the 1950’s and he washes his car every day. Terry is a successful architect with many friends and steady girlfriend. Is terry likely to be diagnosed with a psychological disorder?
No; his social and professional life is not dysfunctional
With respect to the Diathesis Stress Model, what does “diathesis” mean?
a predisposition
Which of the following disorders is NOT diagnosed on Axis 1 of the DSM-IV?
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
What term refers to when someone is diagnosed with more than one psychological disorder?
Comorbidity
What category/type of disorder is post-traumatic stress disorder?
Anxiety disorder
Jonathan has been incredibly sad and unmotivated for the past three months, but this week he has felt amazing. He is excited about everything, stays up all night working, and feels like he can do anything. What disorder does Jonathan likely suffer from?
Bipolar disorder
Hazel has unprotected sex once, about a year ago. Ever since she has been convinced that she has contracted HIV. All her tests have been negative, but she avoids dating and friends because she fears she might infect someone else. What disorder does Hazel have?
Hypochondriasis
What is a positive symptom of Schizophrenia?
Hallucinations
Which type of psychotherapy involves patients saying whatever is on their minds, to reveal their unconscious conflicts?
Psychoanalysis
Which behavior modification technique gradually exposes a patient to the object or situation that they fear?
Systematic Desensitization
Which type of therapist can prescribe drugs to treat psychological disorders?
Psychiatrist
Which psychological disorder is Lithium usually used to treat?
Bipolar Disorder
Yesterday a bus almost hit you as you tried to cross the street. According o the Fundamental Attribution Error, what will you attribute to the cause of the bus driver’s behavior?
To the fact that he is just a careless driver
Lenny feels uncomfortable because he eats meat even though he thinks killing animals is wrong and feels nauseous whenever he thinks about it. This attitude inconsistency leads Lenny to the decision to become a vegetarian. Which explanation describes why Lenny changed his attitude about eating meat?
Cognitive Dissonance
The Contact Hypothesis suggests that we can reduce negative attitudes by increased contact with members of groups we are prejudiced against. Under which conditions is contact likely to be most helpful in reducing negative attitudes?
When we are cooperating with the person to solve a problem
If you are giving a speech in front of a large audience, when would the presence of this audience be likely to help your performance?
When you have practiced the speech many, many times
You need $20 to buy a book for school, so you ask your brother if he will give you $50. He says “that’s too much money”. You then ask for only $20, and he agrees. Which strategy of compliance were you using?
Door-in-the-face
During Milgram’s experiment on obedience, roughly how many of the participants administered the highest level of shock to the “learner”?
65%
In the “Asch ling experiment” participants purposely gave incorrect answers to some of the lone judgment questions when the other “participants” in the experiment gave wrong answers. Which type of social influence does this study illustrate?
conformity
In class we watched a Candid Camera clip about people riding in elevators. What type of social influence did this clip illustrate?
conformity
An attitude is a psychological tendency that has three main parts. What is the cognitive part of an attitude?
beliefs
Which term refers to socially based rules that guide our actions in various situations?
social norms
Why do negative first impressions tend to become lasting negative impressions?
we tend to avoid people/situations of which we have a negative first impression
