Exam 4 Flashcards
Skeletal Muscle organization
Muscle>fascicles>fibers>myofibrils
Skeletal muscle organization in connective tissue
Epimysium>perimysium>endomysium
Epimysium: surrounds entire _________ and blends into intramuscular tissue sheaths to form __________
Muscle
Tendon
Surrounds a bundle of fibers called fasciculus
Perimysium
Endomysium: wraps each muscle _______ and separates it from _____________ fibers
Fiber
Neighboring
Skeletal muscle muscle fiber organization
Multinucleate > sarcolemma> sarcoplasm> sarcoplasmic reticulum
Fusiform: run __________ to muscles long axis and _______ at its tendinous attachment
Parallel
Taper
Pennate: fibers lie at __________ pennation angle; allow __________ of large number of fibers into a smaller cross sectional area
Oblique
Packing
The element composition of muscle in water=
75%
The element composition of muscle in protein=
20%
Skeletal muscle fiber types characteristics
Primary mechanism used to produce ATP
Type of motor neuron innervation
Type of myosin heavy chain expressed
Length-tension describes relationship between length of ___________ and amount of tension developed
Sarcomere
Cross ridge=
Actomyosin complex
The 2 divisions of the nervous system
Central nervous system(CNS)
Peripheral nervous system(PNS)
Central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system: ______ that transmit information to and from the _____
Nerves
CNS
The brain stem consists of the
Medulla
Pons
Midbrain
Medulla extends the ____ and serves as a ______ between the __________ two hemispheres
Pons
Bridge
Cerebellums
Midbrain _______ to the cerebellum and forms a connection between the ____ and cerebral hemispheres
Attaches
Pons
Spinal cord 3 types of neurons
Motor
Sensory
Interneurons
Nerve cell
Neuron
Axon
Projection of nerve cell(signal transmission)
Synapse: junction between ____ of previous _______ and cell body of next neuron
Axon
Neuron
The spinal cord conscious sensory receptors show sensitivity to _____ position, temperature, and sensation to light, sound, smell, taste, touch and _____
Body
Pain
The spinal cord subconscious sensory receptors monitor _______ in the body’s _______ environment
Changes
Internal
The peripheral nervous system contains ___ pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pair of ______ nerves
12
Spinal
T/F
PNS includes afferent and efferent neurons
True
Afferent neurons relay ________ information from ________ in periphery to CNS
Sensory
Receptors
Efferent Neurons transmit information _____ from _____ to peripheral tissues
Away
Brain
Somatic(voluntary): ________ skeletal muscle and produce ________ response to activate muscle
Innervate
Excitatory
Autonomic nervous system(involuntary): produce either excitatory or _________ effect on smooth or involuntary muscles
Inhibitory
T/F
The autonomic nervous system includes sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
True
Sympathetic
Supply heart, smooth muscle, sweat glands, and viscera
Supply thorax, abdomen, and pelvic regions
Parasympathetic
