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Bio 182 > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Protostome

A

For animals with this type of development, the mouth generally develops from the blastopore; they also have a ventral nervous system and spiral cleavage

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2
Q

Deuterostome

A

For animals with this type of development, the blastopore Becomes the anus; they also have a dorsal nervous system and radial cleavage

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3
Q

Ectoderm

A

A layer of tissue that gives rise to the outer covering

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4
Q

Indeterminate

A

A cleavage type in which each cell in the early embryo retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo

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5
Q

Triploblastic

A

This type of embryos have an endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm tissue layers

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6
Q

Pseudocoelomates

A

Have a body cavity only partially lined by tissue derived from mesoderm

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7
Q

Bilateral

A

In animal with this type of symmetry has a dorsal side and ventral side; anterior and posterior sides; this symmetry is strongly correlated with cephalization

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8
Q

Ecdysozoa

A

Animals that secrete external skeleton’s

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10
Q

Tunicates

A

Adults of this committee group lose almost all of their chordate characteristics

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11
Q

Endoderm

A

A layer of tissue that gives rise to the lining of the digestive tract in the organs derived from it, such as the liver in the lungs

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12
Q

Lancelates

A

Adults of this primitive group retain the key chordate characteristics

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13
Q

Neural Crest

A

In Craniates, this group of embryonic cells disperse through the body and contribute to the formation of various structures, including teeth and bones of the skull

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14
Q

Hagfishes

A

These transitional animals have a skull but lack jaws

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15
Q

Lateral line system

A

A row of microscopic organs in gnathostomes that is sensitive to vibrations in surrounding water

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16
Q

Chondrichthyes

A

This group of animals has relatively flexible endoskeleton’s made of cartilage

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17
Q

Dorsal

A

This type of fins provide stabilization for sharks

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18
Q

Sharks

A

Most are carnivores, but the largest or suspension feeders. They move by lateral undulation

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19
Q

Rays

A

Move by vertical undulation

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20
Q

Lobe- finned

A

These fishes have jointed fins

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21
Q

Lung fishes

A

Have both gills and lungs

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22
Q

Oviparous

A

This type of sharks encase there eggs in protective cases and leave them outside the body

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23
Q

Ovoviviparous

A

These sharks retain fertilized eggs in the oviduct

24
Q

Osteichthyes

A

This group has an ossified skeleton with a hard matrix of calcium

25
Q

Tetrapods

A

The most significant characteristic of these animals is the presence of four limbs. Living members of this group do not have pharyngeal gill slits

26
Q

Anurans

A

Poisonous species of this group are more likely to be brightly colored

27
Q

Paedomorphosis

A

The retention of some larval features in a sexually mature adult

28
Q

Amphibians

A

This group of animals has small lungs and most of them also exchange gases through their skins. This term means two lives, a reference to the metamorphosis of the many frogs from the aquatic stage of a tadpole to the adult terrestrial stage

29
Q

Reptiles

A

This group of animals has a tough skin impermeable to water and kidneys that concentrate urine. Therefore, there skins cannot be organs of gas exchange and they almost entirely dependent on lungs for gas exchange

30
Q

Amphibian eggs

A

Must be kept in a moist environment

31
Q

Reptile eggs

A

Have a tough shell, often calcium impregnated, that does not require a moist environment

32
Q

Bird

A

These animals have a proportionately larger brain then crocodiles, mainly because of the cerebellum, which is the center of sight in muscular coordination in the brain

33
Q

Altricial

A

This type of offspring of birds hatched at a relatively helpless stage . Robins and blue jays.

34
Q

Precoclal

A

This type of offspring of birds can feed them selves shortly after hatching. Chickens and ducks.

35
Q

Ectotherms

A

Non-bird reptiles exhibit this characteristic but birds are endotherm

36
Q

Snakes

A

These animals have chemical sensors, ground vibration sensors and Olfactory organs

37
Q

Birds

A

The skeleton of these animals weigh about the same as a Skelton of similar sized animals

38
Q

Pectoral

A

These muscles are anchored to a keel on the sternum and provide the power for flapping the wings

39
Q

Mammals

A

These animals generally have a larger brain than other vertebrates of equivalent size. This group of animals is unique in supplying their young with nutrition via mammary glands, having an embryo develop in the uterus after fertilization in the females body, and it is gestation period. Which is a period of development within the females body

40
Q

Monotremes

A

Babies of this group lap milk from the mothers fur

41
Q

Eutherian

A

This group of muumuus has a longer period of pregnancy then marsupials

42
Q

Anthropoid

A

This so group includes monkeys, apes and humans

43
Q

Arboreal

A

Describes Gibbons and orangutans

44
Q

Sponges

A

Sessile animals that lack true tissues

45
Q

Polyp

A

A cnidarian sessile stage; hydras exist only in this form

46
Q

Medusa

A

A cnidarian free-swimming stage; jellies typically exhibit this form

47
Q

Choanocytes

A

Feeding cells lining the insides of sponges; resemble protists called choanolagelleayes

48
Q

Cnidocytes

A

Structures on the tentacles of some cnidarians used to defend the animal or to capture prey

49
Q

Immunological Camouflage

A

Used by blood flukes (trematodes) to evade the immune system of hosts

50
Q

Tapeworms

A

Parasites consisting of a series of proglottids and scolex, which attaches it to the host

51
Q

Parthenogenesis

A

A type of reproduction exhibited by some rotifers that exist only as females and produce females as unfertilized eggs

52
Q

Brachiopods

A

These animals have dorsal/ventral shell halves

53
Q

Bivalves

A

These animals have have lateral shell halves

54
Q

Ectoprocts

A

Clonial animals that resemble plants; lophophores extend through pores of exoskeleton

55
Q

Coelomates

A

Have a body cavity that develops within the mesoderm, is completely lined with tissue derived from the mesoderm, and is enclosed on the inside and outside by muscles

Bio 182 (3 decks)

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