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Geography > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Monumentalism

A

Impressive buildings that convey power.

ex: white house, statue of liberty

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2
Q

Iceland uses mostly what energy sources?

A

Geothermal Energy

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3
Q

What is the Gulf Stream and what are its effects?

A

Warm ocean current that makes high latitude countries like Iceland and Scotland warmer than they would be otherwise.

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4
Q

Nation

A

A culture, ethnic group.

ex: India nations, Palestinians, Kurds.

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5
Q

State

A

A country

ex: USA, Mexico, France, Saudi Arabia

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6
Q

Nation-State

A

Same culture/state boundary. Country made up of ethnicity.

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7
Q

Supranationalism

A

A shared regional identity, such as “Europeans”

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8
Q

European Union

A

A political and economic organization made up of most European countries.

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9
Q

What is the main geographic factor that explains why Europe became dominant?

A

Biography: Locations of large domesticated animals such as cows, horses and pigs. Created massive food supply that freed people to specialize in science and technology.

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10
Q

What are the good and bad points about the European Plain as a geographic feature?

A

Good agriculture but makes Europe vulnerable to invasion.

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11
Q

A, B, C, D and E climates.

A 
A - Tropical/ Rainforest
B - Dry/Desert
C - Temperate/Midwest Place
D - Cold/Forest
E- Polar/Ice Caps/Tundra
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12
Q

Marshal Plann

A

Strong economic comeback from WWII. USA Provided the money.

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13
Q

Separatism

A

A nation separates and forms its own State (Country)

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14
Q

Shatterbelt

A

Where countries quickly form out old empires, as seen in the former Yugoslavia. Quickly split apart.

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15
Q

What is the oldest state in Europe?

A

France

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16
Q

Ile De La Cite

A

The island in the Seine River where Paris began.

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17
Q

Which European Country leads in the nuclear energy production?

A

France

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18
Q

Which counties make up the United Kingdom?

A

England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland

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19
Q

What resource does Scotland want instead of sharing with England?

A

North Sea Oil

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20
Q

What are “the troubles” - in what country and who is in conflict and why?

A
  • Northern Ireland
  • Catholic Minority wants Brits out.
  • Protestant majority wants to stay with England/UK
  • 3,300 killed
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21
Q

Irish Republican Army - what is it and what do they seek?

A

Catholics in Northern Ireland - want the place to become part of the republic of Ireland. The IRA was often considered a group of terrorist.

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22
Q

The “Potato Famine” primarily impacted which country? Where did the potato come from?

A

Ireland - 1840’s, two million people starved to death when the potato crop failed because of disease.

Potato comes from South America.

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23
Q

Eastern Europe is the collision point for which three major religions?

A

Christianity, Judaism, Islam

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24
Q

Which Eastern European country lost all but 4,000 Jews to the Holocaust?

A

Poland.

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25
Q

Who was the leader of Polish independence against the Soviet Union?

A

Lech Walesa - won the Nobel Peace Prize

26
Q

What and where is Auschwitz?

A

Death camp in Poland

27
Q

“Roma” people are also known as what?

A

Gypsies

28
Q

The former Yugoslavia was an empire controlled by which nation of people?

A

Serbs

29
Q

What countries were created out of Yugoslavia?

A

Croatia, Bosnia, Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, (Kosovo, Muslim region not recognized as a county by some)

30
Q

Which is a “Cauldron of Calamity” because of ethnic complexity?

A

Bosnia/Herzegovina - Christians & Muslims in conflict.

31
Q

Why do the people of Kosovo respect former President George W. Bush?

A

First to recognize Kosovo

32
Q

Who was the former communist leader of Yugoslavia?

A

Marshall Tito

33
Q

What is the only Muslim-dominated country in Europe and was never part of the former Yugoslavia?

A

Albania

34
Q

Why did the Soviet Union reject the Marshal Plan?

A

They would not give up communism.

35
Q

What are the biggest factors limiting resource development of Siberia?

A

Permafrost, Transportation is difficult, lack of free ice ports.

36
Q

How big is Russia compared to the USA?

A

Twice the size.

37
Q

What Russian mountain range divides Europe from Asia?

A

Ural Mountains

38
Q

Russification

A

All nations in USSR forced to become “Russian” culturally.

Speak Russian, stop religion, give up ways of life.

39
Q

How did Lenin and Stalin differ in their views on what the Soviet Union should be?

A

Lenin: Intellectual, allowed non-Russian nations to exist, woman’s rights.

Stalin: Dictator, russification, death camps for those who opposed him.

40
Q

Which Russian president presided over the Cuban Missile Crisis?

A

Khrushchev

41
Q

Why did the Soviet Union hold on to Eastern Europe after WWII?

A

As a security buffer against European invasions, the nee for natural resources.

42
Q

Virgin land program

A

Dry steppes turned into irrigated wheat fields, Khrushchev did this.

43
Q

What is the “Tragedy of the Aral Sea?”

A

Irrigation water taken form rivers and dried up the sea.

44
Q

Perestroika

A

Failed attempt to modernize the soviet economy.

45
Q

Glasnost

A

Openess, failed a hemp to have more freedom in SU

46
Q

Chechnya

A

Highly Muslim part of Russia, Stalins Genocide.

47
Q

What products did the follow former Soviet Socialist republics provide to the USSR? Ukraine? Uzbekistan? Azerbaijan?

A

Ukraine: Food
Uzbekistan: Cotton
Azerbaijan: Oil

48
Q

What are the main traits of the Russian Personality?

A

Fear of the outside world, nationalism, little tradition of personal freedom, long history of invading & controlling other regions.

49
Q

Why did the Soviet Union collapse?

A

Poor industry & Agriculture, little invention, military spending, nations and separatism, lack of innovation, weak economy.

50
Q

Why did Russia invade the Crimea Region of Ukraine?

A

Naval base, “protect” ethnic Russians, pride, Putin’s need to appear as a strong leader.

51
Q

What natural resource does Russia sell to Ukraine that they are threatening to stop providing unless Ukraine submits to their control?

A

Natural gas and Oil

52
Q

What might be a solution for providing that natural resource to Ukraine which might weaken Russia’s threat?

A

Other countries ship natural gas and oil to Ukraine to weaken Russian leverage. Also, since the invasion, the price of oil and gas has dropped due to increased production world wide.

53
Q

What does the ethnic/linguistic pattern in Ukraine suggest about it geopolitical future?

A

It may split in two, Ukraine in the west, Russia in the east.

54
Q

What is the driest country in Europe?

A

Spain

55
Q

Strait of Gibraltar

A

Part of the Mediterranean Sea, that separates Europe form Africa.

56
Q

What is the “Reconquista?”

A

Spanish Christians reclaimed Spain from Muslims, from 8th century until 1492.

57
Q

What is the famous Christian Pilgrimage city in Spain?

A

Santiago de Compostela

58
Q

What part of Europe has the largest economy?

A

Western

59
Q

Europe’s population trend is

A

Failing, but Syrian migrants may change this.

60
Q

What is Tobler’s First Law of Geography?

A

Everything related to everything else, but near things are more related that distant things.

61
Q

Which country in the Middle East is the source of huge numbers of migrants to Europe?

A

Syria.

Geography (7 decks)

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