Exam #4 Flashcards by Erika Houston

Who was the first country to tax the internet?

Hungary

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What is the #1 social media site?

YouTube

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What is the #1 social network site?

Facebook

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What is social media?

a group of internet based applications that build on the ideological foundations of the internet and allow creation & exchange of user generation

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What is social networks?

construct a public or semi-public profile with in a bounded system

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Social Media relationships:

solidify “offline” relationships
not to meet new people
keep in touch w/ family & friends

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What does it mean when people say snack-able content?

bite size nuggets of info that’s easier to digest and pass on to other people

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What did Michael Faraday prove?

proved that a vibrating metal could be converted to electronic waveform

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What did Johann Reiss do ?

turned wave forms to sound then back to wave forms

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What is Alexander Grand Bell known for?

Bell Telephone Company
1883 connect New York and Boston
1885 American Telephone & Telegraphy (AT&T)

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What were the initial phone uses?

Business Use
Communal phones- drugstore (pharmacy)
public misunderstanding

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Phone scared some b/c…

loss of privacy & control
fear of connection to lower class
immorality and crime

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What were the optimistic predictions towards the telephone?

social transformation
close geographic boundaries
universal language & harmony

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What does PSTN stand for?

Public switch telephone network

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What is PSTN?

backbone & infrastructure to wire telephone & wireless system as well. voice grade wired system (basic quality of sound)

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Characteristics of PSTN?

analog, call progress tones, operator services, self sustaining power

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PSTN is now ISDN? What does ISDN stand for?

Integrated services digital network

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Characteristics of ISDN?

analog to digital, digital switches carry voice, data, text, video (etc.) digital phone network is still PSTN

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ISDN allows for simultaneous what?

phone & internet

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PSTN phone calls transmitted via:

trad. copper wire
fiber optic (increases speed of 0s  and 1s and capacity for info to be carried)

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What does VOIP stand for?

Voice over internet protocol

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What are the 3 types of VOIP?

ATA, IP Phone, PC to PC

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What is ATA?

analog telephone adapter (vonage, magic jack)

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What is IP phone?

internet protocol phone, connects directly to the internet or router connected to the internet

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What is PC to PC?

connect directly from one computer to another

PSTN vs Internet...

PSTN: circuit switching/ closed path, bandwidth reserved in advanced , cost based on distance and time INTERNET: packet switching/ no dedicated path, bandwidth as needed, not time or distance dependent

VoIP services:

Skpe, Vonage, Google Voice

VoIP advantages...

``` cheaper call rates multiple features and new applications video telephony integrate voice, data, fax, video multiparty teleconferencing ```

VoIP disadvantages...

``` packet delays packet loss jitter power outages= no service security ```

Goodbye PSTN?

AT&T and Verizon ask to kill PSTN | FCC approves IP phone network tests

What are bundling services?

Phone, multichannel TV, internet

What did the TComm act of 1996 do for bundling?

instilled telephone services competition, made sure that as many people as possible have acces to hi-speed internet

What is the 2010 National Broadband plan?

broadband to 90% of U.S. homes by 2020, wireless technology

What is the universal service shift?

from one phone system to subsidized phone to internet services, from wired to wireless

Universal service leading the way to...

wireless, phone & internet merge (VoIP) radio/tv/print (audio/video/text) move onto the net

What are the leading U.S. cell companies?

Verizon, AT&T, Sprint, T-mobile

What is the first android phone?

HTC Dream

Who is the #1 smartphone producer?

Apple

What do you need to create an app?

creativity, programmer and money, technical skills and design skills

What are social ramifications of apps?

most people are pluigged into their phones when they are out at social events

Who sent the first text message, when and what did it say?

Neil Papworth, 1992 wishes Merry Xmas

What does SMS stand for?

short message service

Why text?

low cost, connection, convenience, asynchronous, inconspicuous

Negative Impacts of texting?

sexting, anxiety/stress, distraction, decreased attention, addiction, less independence

Basic concept of mobile phones arise from..?

at sea, marine communication. radio to radio

Radio telephony means...

telephone access "anytime, anywhere"

Half duplex system means?

one person speaks at a time

First mobile phone system was when?

1946 in St.Louis

What happened in 1960s to mobile phones?

full duplex/direct dial

1970s mobile phones

limited availability, car use only, business use

Radio phone growth happens when?

1980s

what does Martin Cooper (motorola)

tested the first real mobile phone

What happenes in 1990s

TCOMM act/ growth to the masses in U.S

What is a base station?

Provides comm capibilities to mobile phone users in certain geographic areas

Cellular concept?

base station, users communicate to with base station, base connects to PTSN

Problems with original design of mobile phone?

small number of users, users need high power batteries to transmit at long distances

Improved designs of mobile phones?

AT&T research, 1980s first "true" cell phone

What is hand off?

calls move from one base station to another base station

What is tessellation?

pattern formed by repetition of a single shape

What shape doesn't tessellate?

circles

What shape did they come up with that does tessellate successful?

Hexagons- honeycomb shape

government interface with cell/mobile...

manage spectrum, FCC-they give licenses which allow companies to specific frequencies and the oversight of technical support

Technical standards?

uniform engineering rules, system specifications

What is air interface?

how phones and base stations communicate with each other

early cell standard used?

AMPS; analog, FM signal

2G used ?

digital, had caller ID

what is GSM?

global system for mobile

What is CDMA?

code division multiple access

What is iDen?

integrated digital enhanced network (nextel-walkie talkie)

3 G characteristics

faster speeds, voice and data, GSM and CDMA

4G characteristics

10 megabits/second, up to 30x faster than 3G

Why do we use Mobile phone- voice?

convenience, coordination, contact, safety, interruption of "public" sphere, change interpersonal dynamics

convergence...

separate technologies and media merge

who popularized convergence?

Nicolas Negroponte, MIT

Who is more likely to use mobile internet?

blacks and hispanics

mobile advertising/marketing

location based marketing, mobile search ads, mobile social network ads

What is the conversion prism?

visual map of social media landscapes

Social networking sites criteria...

construct a public or semi public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users that share a connection

Real values of FB

you are the product, brands are the customer