Exam 4

Question 1

n (principle quantum number)

Answer 1

the distance of the electron from the nucleus
n=1,2,3…

Question 2

l (angular quantum number)

Answer 2

Value relates to the shape of the orbital
l = n-1 (0, 1, 2…

Question 3

ml (magnetic quantum number)

Answer 3

Value relate to how orbital is oriented in space i.e. which way orbital is pointing
range from -l to +l (…-2, -1, 0, 1, 2)

Question 4

if l is 0 ->
if l is 1 ->
if l is 2 ->

Answer 4

s orbital
p orbital
d orbital

Question 5

What works about bohr’s model

Answer 5

• The model also works fairly well for hydrogen like atoms such as lithium and helium
• the model does explain discrete emission atomic spectrum
• electron existing energy levels with the lowest being n=1

Question 6

failures of bohr’s model

Answer 6

Because Boris model of the Adam treat electrons as particles and not particles and waves his model ultimately fails because
* model only works perfectly for hydrogen
* model contradicts Heisenberg uncertainty principle
* the model never explained why electrons are in orbit

Question 7

m sub s (electron spin)

Answer 7

+1/2 or -1/2 (just assign one of the two directions to each electron)

Question 8

Penetration and shielding

Answer 8

how strongly electrons/orbitals feel the nucleus’ pull

Question 9

Penetration

Answer 9

core electrons feel the nucleus more
- core e-s (1s, 2s) penetrate through to the nucleus

Question 10

Shielding

Answer 10

outer electrons (valence) are shielded from the nucleus by core electrons because electrons don’t attract

Question 11

atomic radius increases

Answer 11

→ and ↓

Question 12

ionization energy increases

Answer 12

↑ and →

Question 13

electronegativity increases

Answer 13

↗

Question 14

non metallic character increases

Answer 14

↗

Question 15

metallic characters

Answer 15

↙

Question 16

electron affinity

Answer 16

how much an atom wants to gain an electron