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NURS-114 > exam 4 > Flashcards

exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

if there is continous gentle bubbling in the water seal chamber, what does this mean?

A

BAD

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2
Q

how do you use a metered dose inhaler?

A

remove the cap and shake the inhaler, breathe out gently, put the mouthpiece in your mouth, and at the start in inspiration, press the canister down and continue to inhale deeply, hold the breath for 10 seconds or as long as possible and breathe out slowly

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3
Q

what does the peak flow meter measure?

A

the max airflow expiration during a forced expiration compared to personal best for asthma action plan

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4
Q

what does is mean if the peak flow meter is in the yellow?

A

mild to moderate attack is occuring

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4
Q

what does it mean if the peak flow meter is in the green

A

asthma is under control

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5
Q

what does it mean if the peak flow meter is in the red?

A

severe attack

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6
Q

how often should peak flow be monitored?

A

daily

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7
Q

what number do you record for peak flow?

A

the highest of 3

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8
Q

how do you use the peak flow meter?

A

put flow meter at 0, stand up straight with nothing in mouth, inhale deeply, put mouthpiece in mouth and seal lips, exhale quickly and forcibly, record reading and repeat two more times

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9
Q

if your pt is wheezing and it suddenly stops what does this mean?

A

emergency

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10
Q

what should you teach your patient to do with COPD?

A

use pursed lip breathing

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11
Q

what does pursed liped breathing do?

A

prolong exhalation and prevents bronchilar collapse and air trapping

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12
Q

what are the complications of flu?

A

viral pneumonia in those over 65

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13
Q

what is normal ph?

A

7.35-7.45

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14
Q

what is normal paco2?

A

45-35

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15
Q

what is normal hco3?

A

22-26

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16
Q

what shows you if it is uncompensated?

A

ph abnormal, either paco2 or hco3 is abnormal

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17
Q

how do you know if its partially compensated?

A

everything abnormalh

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18
Q

how do you know if its fully compensated?

A

ph normal, co2 and hco3 abnormal

19
Q

if someone has slow, shallow respirations (8 respirations), what are they experiencing?

A

respiratory acidosis

20
Q

what are some causes of metabolic acidosis?

A

diarrhea, renal failure, lactic acid

21
Q

what could cause respiratory acidosis?

A

hypoventilation and retaining co2

22
Q

what is treatment of metabolic acidosis?

A

sodium bicarb iv

23
Q

what is another word for abnormal lung sounds?

A

adventitious

24
Q

what diseases will you hear crackles?

A

COPD, pneumonia

25
Q

what disease do you hear ronchi?

A

pneumonia/bronchitis

26
Q

when do you hear wheezing?

A

asthma

27
Q

how is influenza spread?

A

droplet transmission

28
Q

how do you prevent influenza?

A

annual vaccine

29
Q

what medicine is given for influenza?how often

A

oseltamivir; orally twice a day for 5 days

30
Q

what should you do for your patient who has influenza?

A

give o2, semi to high fowlers position, obtain cultures

31
Q

what are the risk factors for pneumonia?

A

immunosuppression, chronic diseases like heart failure

32
Q

what is a sign someone is experiencing pneumonia?

A

respirations over 30

33
Q

what medications do you give someone with pneumonia if they;re outpatient?

A

albuterol (bronchodilator)

34
Q

what is latent TB?

A

no symptoms, not contagious, calcified granuloma, dormant bacilli

35
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis?

A

weight loss, night sweats, colored/blood streaked sputum

36
Q

what are the medications given for tb?

A

rifampin ionizide (INH) pyridizimines ethanbutol

37
Q

what interventions should you do for your pt with tuberculosis?

A

place them on airborne isolation

38
Q

what should you teach your patient with tuberculosis if they’re still positive after 2 months?

A

DOT therapy

39
Q

what is used to diagnose asthma?

A

pfts (peak expiratory flow)

40
Q

what is the gold standard for acute asthma attack

A

albuterol (SABA)

41
Q

what should you teach your pt with asthma?

A

pursed lip breathing, create asthma action plan, avoid triggers

42
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of emphysema?

A

reddish complexion and appears to be puffing when breathing, usually a smoker, alveoli affected

43
Q

if a pts o2 stat is 98% then to 88% what should you do?

A

check NC placement

44
Q

when should you give pain meds for a removal of a chest tube?

A

30-60 min before

45
Q

where is a chest tube placed for a hemothorax?

A

lower at 5th/6th ICS due to gravity

46
Q
A

NURS-114 (5 decks)

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