exam 4

Question 1

if there is continous gentle bubbling in the water seal chamber, what does this mean?

Answer 1

BAD

Question 2

how do you use a metered dose inhaler?

Answer 2

remove the cap and shake the inhaler, breathe out gently, put the mouthpiece in your mouth, and at the start in inspiration, press the canister down and continue to inhale deeply, hold the breath for 10 seconds or as long as possible and breathe out slowly

Question 3

what does the peak flow meter measure?

Answer 3

the max airflow expiration during a forced expiration compared to personal best for asthma action plan

Question 4

what does is mean if the peak flow meter is in the yellow?

Answer 4

mild to moderate attack is occuring

Question 4

what does it mean if the peak flow meter is in the green

Answer 4

asthma is under control

Question 5

what does it mean if the peak flow meter is in the red?

Answer 5

severe attack

Question 6

how often should peak flow be monitored?

Answer 6

daily

Question 7

what number do you record for peak flow?

Answer 7

the highest of 3

Question 8

how do you use the peak flow meter?

Answer 8

put flow meter at 0, stand up straight with nothing in mouth, inhale deeply, put mouthpiece in mouth and seal lips, exhale quickly and forcibly, record reading and repeat two more times

Question 9

if your pt is wheezing and it suddenly stops what does this mean?

Answer 9

emergency

Question 10

what should you teach your patient to do with COPD?

Answer 10

use pursed lip breathing

Question 11

what does pursed liped breathing do?

Answer 11

prolong exhalation and prevents bronchilar collapse and air trapping

Question 12

what are the complications of flu?

Answer 12

viral pneumonia in those over 65

Question 13

what is normal ph?

Answer 13

7.35-7.45

Question 14

what is normal paco2?

Answer 14

45-35

Question 15

what is normal hco3?

Answer 15

22-26

Question 16

what shows you if it is uncompensated?

Answer 16

ph abnormal, either paco2 or hco3 is abnormal

Question 17

how do you know if its partially compensated?

Answer 17

everything abnormalh

Question 18

how do you know if its fully compensated?

Answer 18

ph normal, co2 and hco3 abnormal

Question 19

if someone has slow, shallow respirations (8 respirations), what are they experiencing?

Answer 19

respiratory acidosis

Question 20

what are some causes of metabolic acidosis?

Answer 20

diarrhea, renal failure, lactic acid

Question 21

what could cause respiratory acidosis?

Answer 21

hypoventilation and retaining co2

Question 22

what is treatment of metabolic acidosis?

Answer 22

sodium bicarb iv

Question 23

what is another word for abnormal lung sounds?

Answer 23

adventitious

Question 24

what diseases will you hear crackles?

Answer 24

COPD, pneumonia

Question 25

what disease do you hear ronchi?

Answer 25

pneumonia/bronchitis

Question 26

when do you hear wheezing?

Answer 26

asthma

Question 27

how is influenza spread?

Answer 27

droplet transmission

Question 28

how do you prevent influenza?

Answer 28

annual vaccine

Question 29

what medicine is given for influenza?how often

Answer 29

oseltamivir; orally twice a day for 5 days

Question 30

what should you do for your patient who has influenza?

Answer 30

give o2, semi to high fowlers position, obtain cultures

Question 31

what are the risk factors for pneumonia?

Answer 31

immunosuppression, chronic diseases like heart failure

Question 32

what is a sign someone is experiencing pneumonia?

Answer 32

respirations over 30

Question 33

what medications do you give someone with pneumonia if they;re outpatient?

Answer 33

albuterol (bronchodilator)

Question 34

what is latent TB?

Answer 34

no symptoms, not contagious, calcified granuloma, dormant bacilli

Question 35

what are the signs and symptoms of tuberculosis?

Answer 35

weight loss, night sweats, colored/blood streaked sputum

Question 36

what are the medications given for tb?

Answer 36

rifampin ionizide (INH) pyridizimines ethanbutol

Question 37

what interventions should you do for your pt with tuberculosis?

Answer 37

place them on airborne isolation

Question 38

what should you teach your patient with tuberculosis if they're still positive after 2 months?

Answer 38

DOT therapy

Question 39

what is used to diagnose asthma?

Answer 39

pfts (peak expiratory flow)

Question 40

what is the gold standard for acute asthma attack

Answer 40

albuterol (SABA)

Question 41

what should you teach your pt with asthma?

Answer 41

pursed lip breathing, create asthma action plan, avoid triggers

Question 42

what are the signs and symptoms of emphysema?

Answer 42

reddish complexion and appears to be puffing when breathing, usually a smoker, alveoli affected

Question 43

if a pts o2 stat is 98% then to 88% what should you do?

Answer 43

check NC placement

Question 44

when should you give pain meds for a removal of a chest tube?

Answer 44

30-60 min before

Question 45

where is a chest tube placed for a hemothorax?

Answer 45

lower at 5th/6th ICS due to gravity