Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Therax > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Flexion - 180
anterior deltoid
pec major
coracobrachialis
biceps brachii

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

extension- 50
posterior deltoid
latissimus dorsi
teres major
pec major

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

abduction- 180
middle delt
supraspinatus

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Scaption- supraspinatus
plane of motion that scapula move in

not true abduction/ flexion

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Supraspinatus
first 30 is Abduction
first 60 is flexion then Mid and Ant deltoid takes over

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Adduction-0
latissimus dorsi
pec major
teres major

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Internal Rotation/ 70-80
subscapularis , teres major, pec major, anterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

External Rotation-90
infraspinatus
teres minor
posterior deltoid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

horizontal abduction
posterior deltoid
infraspinatus
teres minor

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

horizontal abduction
posterior deltoid
infraspinatus
teres minor

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

horizontal adduction
pec major
anterior deltoid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Scapula stabilize as glenohumeral is moving = scapulohumeral rhythm

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Scapular protraction - helps to keep scrap down against rib cage if not then it will wing out

serratus anterior and pec minor

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

scapular retraction
rhomboid and mid trap

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

scapular upward rotation
upper trap
lower trap
serratus anterior

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

scapular downward rotation
levator scapulae
rhomboids
pec minor

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

scapular elevation
upper trap
levator scapulae
rhomboid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

scapular depression
lower trap
pec minor

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Scapular Dyskinesa
Scapular malpostion

Inferior medial border prominence leads to poor rhythm and movements

Coracoid pain and mal position

dysKinesea of scapular movement

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Scapular Dyskinesa
affects Trap Rhomboid Serratus
tight Pec major

affected shoulder is lower
medial scapular protrusion
asymmetrical ROM
scap and shld pain impinged

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Scapular winging- Serratus Anterior
work on depression of scapulae clock

Scapulae fractures from direct severe tramua fx , GH dislocation, pneumothorax, neuro vascular injuries

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

SCAPULAR BODY FX
most common
immobilize for 2-3 was then begin ROM/ strength

need time for bone healing

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

GLENOID NECK FX - second most common
immobilize for 6 wks

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

GLENOID FOSSA FX ORIF - glenoid instability
need surgery
PROM 2-3 wks post op
active stretch and resistance delay 6/8 wks

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

adhesive capsulitis - frozen shld (females 40-65)

decrease ROM, pain , capsular inflammation fibroisis synovial adhesion, reduction of joint cavity

primary idiopathic - random
secondary - trauma in past / immobilize RA or OA

high risk is diabetes or thyroid disease
Joint move for inflammation in joint and close space

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Stage 1 gradual onset loss of ER, less than 3 months

Stage 2-Freeze stage can’t move in any direction 3-9 months

Stage 3- Frozen stage, pain only with movermnt
weakness of delt, rotator cuff, biceps triceps

Stage 4- Thawing stage , no synovitis - slight pain 15-24 months

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Capsular pattern lose
ER
Abd
IR
Flex

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

adhesive capsulitis
Stage I- II is max
Stage 3 is mod
Stage 4 is min

joint mobs 3/4 to breakup adhesion and capsular release : surgery to release adhesions

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty- OA, avn, fx proximal humerus RA- torn rotator cuff

immobilize 6-8 wks w abduction splint
(pushes head of humerus into glenoid)

TSR- metal ball w stem and plastic socket
Reverse TSR- metal ball and plastic socket

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Day 1&2 AAROM: isometrics
no deltoid activation if cuff repaired
strengthen hand/ elbow/ wrist
Grade 1&2 JM

Week 1: codman, AAROM

Week 2: scapular motion/ stabilize
isometrics

Limit flexion to 120 and ER to 30 and no extension past neutral (because they dislocate in surgery)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

MOD/ AROM LIGHT WEIGHT stretching

more sedentary / no motion is reverse shoulder

Cartilage becomes worn and bone spurs appear cause pain

they remove humeral head and clean it out of glenoid fossa then the stem is placed the prosthetic are put in

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

TSR limit flex 120
ER/ IR to 30
and no ext past neutral

don’t put your hand in your back pocket bc surgery they have to reattach subscapularis

precautions for max protect phase
- PROM of scapula/ shld, do Codman/ AAROM/ scap clocks/ isometrics in half flexion & abduction

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Scapulohumeral Rhythm
GH
First 30 abduction - Supraspinatus
First 60 flexion - Anterior deltoid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

SCAPULAR WINGING DO PROTRACTION

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Subacromial Rotator Cuff impingement-
Primary: mechanical compression of rotator cuff tendon passing under coracromial ligament

Secondary: GH instability/ subluxation muscles contract to elevate humerus

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Subacromial rotator cuff impingement

Painful arc is 60-120 flexion and 90 abduction and forced internal rotation

supraspinatus tendon gets impinged and caught underneath with over head activity

A
37
Q

Tendonitis/ Buristis
Supraspinatus tendinitis- pain with overhead reach and painful arc

Infraspinatus Tendinitis- painful arc with cross body or reach forward, recoil back in throwing

Subdeltoid bursitis- painful arc

Bicipital Tendinitis- palpate bicipital groove

A
38
Q

If Inflammation is gone and still affecting it is Buristis

A
39
Q

Supraspinatus tendinitis can mimic subdeltoid buristis

Max- isometric PROM scap clock(work on bringing humerus down)
GH AAROM, rotator cuff strong enough to keep humeral head in place

STRETCH UPPER TRAP WITH TENDONITIS BURSITIS

A
40
Q

Strengthen rotator - scaption not past 90, abduction not past 30 = supraspinatus

Strengthen ER - side lying first = infraspinatus , teres minor

Strengthen IR- subscapularis

stretch upper trap

MOD- GH strength and rotator cuff IYWT

min- look at deltoid strength endurance with perturbations
- ball on wall circle

A
41
Q

Subacromial Decompression- SAD
smoothing out bone and bone spurs to clear space arthroscopic

goes in and cleans out acromion process

max- AAAROM codman isometric
early mobility / take off sling when no exercise

MOD/ AROM all direction, PRE not more than 5 lbs

A
42
Q

Rotator cuff tear- can have labrum tear/ ambulation fx / sad

traditional open/ most invasive- deltoid detached

mini open- slight slit in deltoid to access rotator cuff (cut in deltoid)

arthroscopic small incision

A
43
Q

Rotator cuff tear
Max- PROM AAROM of GH scap clock GH isometrics
need full pain free rom to progress

MOD- strengthen GH and scap

min/ stabilization w speed

Strengthen - serratus anterior middle and lower trap

Stretch- pec major minor lats levator scap and upper trap

Anterior lateral : taking tendon and tacking it down

A
44
Q

Glenohumeral Instability/ dislocation
rotator cuff must pull rotator cuff in

most common- anterior instability
trauma with arm abducted/ extend/ ER
- falls and dislocates
with rotator cuff tears

posterior arm- abduct , flexed, IR

A
45
Q

Bankart lesion- labrum tear (ant dislocation)
avulsion of capsule and glenoid labrum off of anterior rim of glenoid from anterior dislocation

go in and stitch labrum bc it was pulled away from anterior dislocation

can spilt / detach subscapularis to get lesion
- restrict IR ER

arthroscopic - subscapularis left alone

A
46
Q

Hills Sach lesion( anterior dislocation)
compress or impact fx of Postejor Lateral of humeral head from Anterior instability

A
47
Q

ANTERIOR AVOID ABD AND ER- max
max- aarom cod and pulley sub max iso
mod- resistance min- adls

don’t want to retear anything

limit ER bc stable to tighten capsule

tighten what’s loose and staple down capsules

can move subscapularis to greater tuberosty

bone block coracoid transfer - attach biceps and coracobrachialis to get neck

detach subscapularis no IR

A
48
Q

Instabile- more lax and overhead activities not stable
• work on rotator cuff muscles

arthroscopic doesn’t disturb subscapularis
more dislocations occur

A
49
Q

SLAP- sup euro labrum
anterior posterior lesion

Type I/ frayed intact glenoid

Type II/ detachment of labrum at biceps anchor - reattach labrum to biceps tendon

Type III/ similar to bucket handle meniscal tear and biceps anchor still attach

Type IV/ bucket handle tear. extends into biceps anchor

A
50
Q

Type II & IV are biceps tendon anchor

usually traction or compress of superior joint surface
labrum either compress or pull away

Type I & III are debridement
Type II & IV are repair

A
51
Q

Type I - go in and clean up fray

Type II/ reattach labrum to biceps tendon

Type III- take off torn part or stich back together

Type IV- resection biceps tendon torn, take out portion that is torn
50% will have tendonitis - cut off bad part

A
52
Q

SLAP
ANTERIOR INSTABLITU- avoid ER horz abduction ext

POSTERIOR INSTABLITY- avoid flex add IR

A
53
Q

Labrum-
Max- scap clocks stretch pec of shoulder forward, isometrics

Mod- increase ROM, TB weight strnegthing, alternating isometrics ;don’t let me move you

stretching do JM 3&4 w precaution

A
54
Q

Clavicle fx- affect men under 25
direct / indirect trauma
treat/ reduce fx fragments
maintain reduction
minimize immobilization of GH
- figure 8 bandage and too far apart
ORIF w pin

  • tell them don’t push off bed and chair to stand up
A
55
Q

Proximal humerus fx- humeral head, greater tub, lesser tub, humeral shaft

ORIF or immobilize for bones to grow back together

AROM strengthen as bone heals
Risk- AVN of neck of humerus
osteoporosis- poor internal fixation

PROM above fx, abduction isometric , do scap clocks .

A
56
Q

Acromioclavicular sprain/ dislocation
direct - force on acromion
indirect- outstretched arm

grades determine by space
grade 1- resume activity, control pain
grade 2- sling step off remains , AROM
grade 3- surgical

max- isometrics scap clocks AAROM codman
mod- IYTW rotator cuff strength reistance to flexion abduction extension

check to see if there’s pain
min- functional activities
wall push up
shoulder tap
Ball throw

A
57
Q

Thoracic Outlet syndrome - injury bad posture clavicle fx

short scalenes
levator , subscapularis, pec minor
impingement in costoclavicular / axillary space
- weight lifters or poor posture

STRETCH SCALENE & stretch manual pec minor

A
58
Q

150 elbow flexion
biceps - palm up
brachioradialis- thumb up - stabilizer
brachialis- palm down

Biceps brachii- shld flex elbow flex supination
at its strongest is 100 flex
active/ passive insuf

A
59
Q

Truces brachii- shld ext, elbow ext
active / passive insuf

anconeus - elbow ext

forearm supination- 80
supinator
biceps brachii

forearm probation- 80
pronator teres and quadratus

A
60
Q

musculocutaneous - biceps brachialis
radial- triceps, brachioradialis, anconeus, supinator

median- pronator teres, quadratus fx
ulnar- lies in trochlear groove (funny bone) injruy to hyperextension - fx
- will have postive Tinels (nerve entrapment)

A
61
Q

Elbow flexion is Soft
Elbow extension is Hard

Forearm supination & pronation is Firm

open pack 70 flex 10 supination for elbow
open pack 70 flex 35 supination for forearm

A
62
Q

Lateral Epicondylitis - tennis elbow
overuse tendinitis from excessive extension and radial devation

  • wrist extensor training
  • train wrist flex: radial devation

iso eccentric strength and stretch extensors

A
63
Q

medial epicondylitis - golfers elbow
wrist tendons are pulling into the elbow from overuse
/ wrist flexion pain
- pronator pain
- stretch wrist flexors
iso and eccentric

A
64
Q

median ulnar ligament sprain/ surgery
repetitive throwing - affects MCL ulnar

Max- biceps triceps pro sup iso ; ROM for shld wrist

Mod- strengthen stabilize biceps: triceps/ pronation/ supination
- rom ext and flex
- stretch biceps

surgery/ tommy john UCL tear
direct repair or use of palmaris longus
gets more flexion as you progress

avoid stress going to lateral side
NO ER

A
65
Q

Fractures of distal (supracondylar fx)
transverse fx of distal humerus, children common

Type I - humerus displaced Posterior
most common/ extend outstretch arm

Type II/ humerus displaced Anterior
flexion injury due to direct trauma on posterior elbow
- mal union; non union, contracture

issue is Volkmans contracture from ischemia , it interrupts brachial artery/ cause contracture

  • no passive stretch
    Max- elbow iso, JM 1/2,
    mod - elbow biceps triceps pro supination strength
    JM 3/4
A
66
Q

Intercondylar Y or T fx - no passive stretch
placed in sling poor bone healing

max- prom at wrist ; elbow stabilized
light isometrics

come to you in mid phase do ROM/ strengthen

A
67
Q

Radial head fx- fall on outstretched arm
1/3 elbow fx
most common fx w elbow dislocation
carrying angle - males is 10
females is 13

no fracture- can have pushed radial head (anterior) can push radial head back in place

Pulled radial head/ pulled head (Posterior) won’t be able to supinate
can thrust back while supinating

A
68
Q

Fx of radial head- increase carrying angle
= Gunstock Deformity
type I- immobilize
type II/ radial head excised / ORIF
type III radial head excised

max- ROM shld wrist iso
mod- ROM elbow ext, stretch biceps

A
69
Q

Total elbow arthroplasty- RA/ OA non union distal humerus

replace to part of humerus and titanium stem that connects Ulna/ humerus can be cemented or uncemented

Max/ rom , iso
mod- strengthen elbow NO JM
multi angle iso,

No high intensity

A
70
Q

Olecranon fx- avulsion/ oblique/ transverse
fx that pulls piece of bone away
communitied/ dislocation

fall out outstretch hand- elbow hyperextension

posterior dislocation- most common
it moves on non dominant arm

work on ext

JM to increase ext (brace down and pull forward on humerus)

A
71
Q

Less grip strength in wrist flex
Dynamometer want wrist ext

fist grasp - thumb over finger
cylindrical- FDP/ thumb on flex, bottle
Spherical- FDS, thumb in opposition, hall
hook- no thumb , carry suitcase
Tip/ tip of thumb to tip finger
Palmar/ pad thumb to pad of finger
lateral/ Thumb and lateral side of finger

A
72
Q

FOREARM
MEDIAN N- enter through pronator teres
deep injury to wrist/ can impinge
innervates - wrist thumb flexors except FCU, FDP
only covers digits 1-3

Injury/ will lose wrist thumb flexion and forearm pronation = Ape hand

A
73
Q

FOREARM
ULNAR N- enters flexor carpi ulnaris
FCU to 4:5 digits
minimal wrist flexion / ulnar deviation (fingers curve and bent) = Claw hand

A
74
Q

FOREARM
RADIAL N- enters through ext carpi/ radialis/ brevis/ supinator
wrist extensors

injury/ lose supination, wrist ext, thumb ext and abd
lose sensory to lateral forearm
= Drop wrist

A
75
Q

FOREARM
MEDIAN N- through carpal tunnel
all flexor tendons
thenar 1/2 lumbricals
lose / thumb Abd and Opp
sensory/ palmar surface of thumb to 4th digit

A
76
Q

HAND
Ulnar nerve- pisiform, hamate
Thumb add , instrinsic

injury- 4/5 digits
thumb add
finger abd / add
sensory - planar surface to 5th, middle of 4th

A
77
Q

HAND
radial nerve- enter dorsal with superior radial nerve and no motor
sensory/ all dorsal of hand

A
78
Q

Distal Radius & ulna fx - lose all forearm and wrist motions
ROM/ JM
colles fx- foosh -ext
smiths fx- reverse colles- fall on flex hand

Max- iso , rom
mod- flex ext rad ulnar strengthing
risk for AVN bc ischemia at wrist

  • Chronic Regional Pain syndrome : pain inflammation swelling
A
79
Q

Scaphoid fx- most common fx of hand
risk for AVN - work on Opposution

A
80
Q

Boxers fx - metacarpal
do JM / rom

A
81
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome
entrapment of median nerve
Tensils test

arthritis preg repetitive use

overuse stretch injruy of median nerve
9 tendons run through carpal tunnel

multi angle iso, JM, strength / endurance ex

stretch open up space into wrist ext
stretch wrist flex.

A
82
Q

DeQuervains Tenosynovitis/ inflammation of thumb ext / abd

Finkel sign- test tuck thumb in wrap around and pull down

multi angle iso
strengthen endurance
; finger graps / webs

A
83
Q

Thumb MCP STRAIN- gamekeepers skiers thumb
- forceful abduction of thumb rupture of ulnar collateral ligament of thumb

rupture of radial deviation
max/ iso, rom

A
84
Q

Swan neck deformity/ hyperextension of PIP/ flex DIP
stretch involved
strengthen antagonist

use webbing

A
85
Q

Duputryens contracture - palmar fascia contracture
stretch flexors
strengthen extensors

A
86
Q

Boutonnière Deformity- PIP flex DIP ext
isolate PIP ext

A
87
Q

Mallet finger- rupture of ext hood at DIP joint
get back into ext

A
88
Q

Trigger finger - thickening of flexor tendon sheath
tendon can catch gets stuck

tendon glide
stretch
work on IP ROM

flexor tendon injruy- must be repaired
work on tendon glide

A
89
Q

Isometric fingers
- straight hand
- hook fist
- full fist
- table top
- straight fist

blocking to focus on particular joint

A

Therax (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions