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Therax > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

primary goal of PT is to achieve optimal level of symptom free movement including basic to complex activities

A
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2
Q

intervention
supervision
data collection
problem solving
clincial decision making

A

patient supervision

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3
Q

ICF model does not focus on _____ but health states

A

disability

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4
Q

arise directly from health condition
pain/ limited ROM from tendonitis

A

primary

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5
Q

resulting from preexisting impairment
shoulder patho from posture

A

secondary

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6
Q

combo of primary and secondary impairment

A

composite

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7
Q

activity limitations are result of

A

impairments

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8
Q

reduced ability of person to perform actions or activities

A

activity limitation

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9
Q

decreased independence

A

ADL

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10
Q

participation restricts is unable to perform activities or tasks in a

A

community

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11
Q

EXAMINATION
EVAULATION
DIAGNOSIS
PROGNOSIS POC
INTERVENTION
OUTCOME

reexamination
referral

A
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12
Q

examination identify patient problems
patient _____, review ____, tests& ____

A

history
systems
measures

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13
Q

patient history can be

A

family interview
chart review
patient interview

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14
Q

areas of deficit confirm the need for a further detailed examination

A

screening process

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15
Q

tests and measures can be

A

MMT ROM special tests

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16
Q

evaluation data analyzed and organized

A

level of impatient
functional loss / disability
social support living environment
d/c destination
comorbid condition
medical stability

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17
Q

identification of disease disorder or condition by evaluating signs and symptoms

A

diagnosis

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18
Q

4 main categories to diagnosis

A

musculoskeletal
neuromuscular
cardiovascular / pulmonary
integumentary

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19
Q

anticipated patient management requires both interpretation and integration of data

A

POC

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20
Q

POC prognosis components

A

anticipated goals and outcomes
specific intervention
duration frequency
criteria for d/c

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21
Q

prognosis goals

A

objective
measurable
functional
time limited

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22
Q

set LTG ____ then STG follows

A

first

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23
Q

specific interventions to achieve goals and outcomes

A

interventions

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24
Q

procedural interventions are

A

restorative compensatory preventative

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25
Q

outcomes are functional, measurable , patient satification

A
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26
Q

discharge planning keep in mind

A

HEP, follow up, community, reinitation to PT

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27
Q

ability to carry out skill

A

performance

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28
Q

ability to carry out skill and retaining skill

A

learning

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29
Q

figuring out what to do
high instruction with high error
PTA frequent feedback

A

cognitive

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30
Q

fine tuning task
lower instruction lower error
PTA- infrequent feedback, patient can adjust

A

associative

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31
Q

talks are automatic may do take at same time
PTA- feedback only necessary if problems

A

autonomous

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32
Q

flexion extension in _____ plane

A

sagittal

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33
Q

abduction adduction in _____ plane

A

frontal

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34
Q

internal external rotation in ____ plane
_____ axis

A

transverse
vertical

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35
Q

use PROM when
acute inflamed tissue
active motion would hurt healing
paralyzed
best rest

A
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36
Q

PROM goals
maintain joint mobility
prevent contractures
assist circulation
decrease pain
help proprioception

A
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37
Q

AROM-AAROM
able to actively contract
weak muscles
aerobic conditioning

A
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38
Q

AROM goals

A

maintain elasticity
provide sensory feedback
increase circulation
prevent DVT
develop coordination and motor skills

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39
Q

3+-5 needs

A

resistance

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40
Q

self assisted ROM can be _____ or ___

A

manual or mechanical (wand, pulley)

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41
Q

CPM benefits

A

Prevents adhesions,contractures joint stiffness

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42
Q

increased size of individual muscle fibers from increased myofibtillar

A

hypertrophy

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43
Q

decreased in size of individual muscle fibers

A

atrophy

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44
Q

3 factors of muscle performance

A

strength power endurance

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45
Q

ability of a contractile tissue to produce tension and resultant force based on demands placed on muscle

A

strength

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46
Q

ability of neuromuscular system to produce reduce and control forces during functional activities

A

functional strength

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47
Q

the work produced by a muscle per unit of time

A

power

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48
Q

force x distance / time

A
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49
Q

rate of performing work

A

power

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50
Q

greater intensity of exercise the shorter time period taken to generate force, great muscle power

A
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51
Q

single burst high intensity activity

A

lifting suitcase

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52
Q

repeated bursts of lesser activity

A

climbing stairs

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53
Q

increasing the work a muscle must perform or decreasing time allowed to complete activity

A

power

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54
Q

ability to perform low intensity reprieve or sustained activities over long period

A

endurance

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55
Q

contact repeatedly against load
generate tension
resist fatigue

A

endurance

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56
Q

developed by having muscle contact against a light load for many religions or sustain contraction

A

endurance

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57
Q

low resistance , high reps, extended time

A

endurance

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58
Q

increased oxidative and metabolic

A

endurance

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59
Q

improves function
fewer effects of joints
more comfy

A

endurance

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60
Q

load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of muscle must be used if muscle performance enhanced

muscles must be challenged

if demand remains constant muscle will be maintain not improved

A

overload principle

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61
Q

progressive loading

A

application

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62
Q

intensity _____
volume _____

A

strength
endurance

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63
Q

SAID

A

specific adaptation to imposed demands

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64
Q

on which exercise programs should be built

A

specificity

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65
Q

body systems adapt overtime to stress placed on them

A

extension of wolffs law

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66
Q

possible exercise should minic function

A

specificity training

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67
Q

adaptive changes in the body system such as increase strength or endurance

A

reversibility principle

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68
Q

short fibers design in ___ force producing

A

high

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69
Q

long parallel with high rate of _______but less ____

A

shortening
force

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70
Q

low force smaller fibers slow twitch
resistant to fatigue, aerobic, red, high capillary

A

high type I

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71
Q

high force large fibers fast twitch high fatigue anaerobic white

A

high type II

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72
Q

force output from greatest to least

A

eccentric - isometric - concentric

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73
Q

concentric contraction is
____ speed ____ tension

A

high
low

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74
Q

eccentric contraction
_____ speed ____ tension

A

high
high

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75
Q

tonic red oxidative

A

type I

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76
Q

phasic white glycolytic

A

type II

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77
Q

aerobic

A

type I

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78
Q

anaerobic

A

type II

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79
Q

biceps brachii gastro are

A

type II

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80
Q

postural muscles soleus are

A

type I

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81
Q

factors influence fatigue

A

health status
diet
lifestyle

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82
Q

90-95% of force producing capacity return in ___minutes

A

3-4

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83
Q

DOMS

A

delayed onset muscle soreness

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84
Q

greater tension produced by _______contraction leads to DOMS

A

eccentric

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85
Q

best treatment for DOMS

A

active recovery light exercise

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86
Q

boys have ___ muscle mass
girls have ____ muscle mass

A

5x
3.5

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87
Q

peak strength for women is age __
men is age ___

A

20
30

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88
Q

strength declines ___ year

A

1%

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89
Q

rapid gain in tension to neural responses not adaptive change in muscle

A

resistance exercise

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90
Q

increased size of individual muscle fibers from increased myofibllar volume

A

hypertrophy

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91
Q

increased number of muscle fibers

A

hyperplasia

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92
Q

increased bone density
decreased osteoporosis
decreased osteoarthritis

A

bone

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93
Q

increased tensile strength

A

connective tissue

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94
Q

direction of muscle fibers and line of pull of muscles to be strengthen

A

alignment

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95
Q

holding down a body segment of holding body steady

A

stabilization

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96
Q

amount of resistance weight imposed on contracting muscle during each rep

A

intensity

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97
Q

improve muscle performance, muscle must be loaded to extent greater than load usually by muscle

A

intensity

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98
Q

beginning of program
early stage of soft tissue
children older adults
improve muscle endurance v
slow velocity isokinetic

A

submaximal loads

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99
Q

goal is to increase strength and power
increase muscle size
last phase of rehab
conditioning with no known patho

A

maximal loads

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100
Q

subjective based of experience and judgement

A

manual

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101
Q

objective based on rep maximum

A

mechanical

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102
Q

greatest amount of weight a muscle can move through ROM a specific number of times

A

repetition maximum

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103
Q

delorme and oxford

A

10 RM

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104
Q

DAPRE

A

6 RM

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105
Q

bench press is ___ % BW

A

30

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106
Q

biceps curls is ____%

A

10

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107
Q

triceps curls is ___%

A

15

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108
Q

leg press is ___%

A

50

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109
Q

knee extension is ___%

A

20

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110
Q

knee flexion is ___%

A

15

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111
Q

total number or reps and sets of particular exercise during single session

A

volume

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112
Q

higher the intensity ____ the volume
lower the intensity ____ the volume

A

lower
higher

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113
Q

increase muscle strength is
____ sets of ____ reps

A

2-3 sets of 6-12 reps

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114
Q

increase muscle endurance
____ sets of _____ reps

A

40-50 reps

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115
Q

Sequence in which exercises are performed ___ impact fatigue

A

does

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116
Q

Multiple muscle groups

A

large muscle groups before small muscle groups

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117
Q

Multi joint muscle groups

A

multi joint before single joint

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118
Q

appropriate warmup ____ intensity before ____ intensity

A

higher
lower

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119
Q

number of exercise session per day or week

A

frequency

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120
Q

low intensity and volume programs can have _____ sessions per day

A

multiple

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121
Q

endurance exercises can be performed ____ times per week

A

5-6

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122
Q

maintance programs must be performed ___ times a week

A

two

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123
Q

total number of weeks or months a strengthening exercise program is carried out

A

duration

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124
Q

early changes from neural adaptations

A

2-3 weeks

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125
Q

muscle hypertrophy increased vascularazation occur

A

6-12 weeks

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126
Q

MODERATE INTENSITY
____ minute test between sets
____ hours between sessions

A

2-3
48

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127
Q

HIGH INTENSITY
____ minute rest period between sets
___ hours between sessions

A

4-5

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128
Q

patients with pathologies
children / elderly

A

low intensity exercise

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129
Q

rest __ min between sets by performing Un resisted exercise or repeating exercise on Uninvolved limb

A

3

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130
Q

_____ recovery is more efficient than ____ recovery

A

active
passive

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131
Q

form or type of exercise the manner in which the exercise is carried out

A

mode

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132
Q

manual vs mechanical
constant vs variable load
accommodating load
body weight

A

forms of resistance

133
Q

Type of muscle contraction

A

isometric
isotonic
isokinetic

134
Q

isotonic has _____ and ______ contractions

A

concentric and eccentric

135
Q

CONCENTRIC
as velocity of muscle shortening ______ the force muscle can generate _____

A

increases
decreases

136
Q

ECCENTRIC
velocity for muscle lengthening _____ force production ______ then levels off

A

increased
increased

137
Q

slow to medium velocities of limb movement

patient controlled moving weight

A

controlled mobility

138
Q

fast velocities
demand for desired activities

A

return to function phase

139
Q

Functional activities are
isokinetic training
speed specific (SAID)
plyometrics

A
140
Q

must have ___ control before can achieve ____ control

A

static
dynamic

141
Q

dynamic (isotonic) can be

A

concentric eccentric
PNF
open kinematic closed kinematic chain

142
Q

variable resistance can be

A

manual / theraband/ tubing
specialized equipment - effectiveness

143
Q

accommodating resistance is

A

isokinetic dynamometer

144
Q

static exercise in which muscle contracts and produces force without change in length of muscle
NO visible joint motion

A

isometric

145
Q

no mechanical work is performed

A

isometric

146
Q

force x distance

A

isometric

147
Q

greatest amounts of tension and force can be produced by muscle

A

isometric

148
Q

contracting muscle shortening, lever arms being moved in direction of muscle fiber contraction

A

Concentric

149
Q

positive work

A

concentric

150
Q

contracting muscle lengthening, lever arms being moved away direction of muscle fiber contraction

A

eccentric

151
Q

negative work

A

eccentric

152
Q

activate muscle spindle with quick stretch to facilitate contraction

A

PNF

153
Q

manually resist movement pattern

A

PNF

154
Q

distal segment free to move without causing motions at adjacent joints

A

open chain

155
Q

muscle activation occurs in muscles that cross moving joint

A

open chain

156
Q

movement at one joint causes motions at distal as well as proximal joints

A

closed chain

157
Q

external load remains constant which can be

A

free weights
weight machines
pulleys

158
Q

contracting muscle is only challenged
maximally at point where ROM is max torque of resistance matched the max torque of muscle

A

constant resistance

159
Q

the resistance is altered throughout range of motion

A

variable resistance

160
Q

manual resistance
cam or lever arm
hydraulic / pneumatic

A

VARIABLE resistance

161
Q

elastic band or tubing resistance (theraband/ tubing)

A

stress on joints
greatest at end range of motion
prone developing overuse inflammation

162
Q

max effort during each rep contracting muscle produce max force output with variable tension in all ROM

A

Accommodating resistance

163
Q

muscle must match the pre set speed of machine before ____ is generated

A

resistance

164
Q

3 fundamental strength

A

delorme
oxford
daPRE

165
Q

musculoskeletal injury
allows systematic and gradual progression
allows for warm up

A

delorme

166
Q

de lorme establish ___ repation maximum

A

10

167
Q

takes advantage of muscle fatigue during exercise

A

oxford

168
Q

oxford allows ___ Reletion maximum

A

10

169
Q

progressive overload
adding resistance while muscle fatigued

A

delorme

170
Q

reduced resistance as muscle fatigued

A

oxford

171
Q

DAPRE

A

Daily adjustable progressive resistive exercise

172
Q

optimum # of reps for individual strength

A

Dapre

173
Q

DAPRE has ___ RM with ___ sets with variable reps

A

6
4

174
Q

0-2 reduce weight ___ lbs
3-4 reduce weight ____ lbs
5-6 keep ___
7-10 increase weight ___ lbs
11+ increase weight ____ lbs

A

5-10
0-5
same
5-10
10-15

175
Q

contraindications to resistance exercise

A

acute inflammation
pain
neuromuscular disease
severe cardiopulmonary disease

176
Q

Anterior horn cell disease

A

GULLIAN barre

177
Q

inflammatory muscle disease

A

poliomyositis

178
Q

noncontractile soft tissue is

A

ligaments tendons joint capsule fascia muscle connective tissue skin

179
Q

support structures of body

A

noncontractile tissue

180
Q

composition of tissue

A

collagen
elastin
reticulum
ground substance

181
Q

resist tensile deformation
strength and stiffness
Provide stability

A

collagen fibers

182
Q

provides extensibility
small loads
would fail without deformation at higher loads

A

elastin fibers

183
Q

elastin results in

A

FLEXIBILITY

184
Q

collagen fibers provide

A

STABILITY

185
Q

provide tissue with BULK

A

reticulin

186
Q

organic gel containing water
reduces friction
transports nutrients and metabolism
maintains space to prevent cross link
resist compressive forces

A

Ground substance

187
Q

behavior determined by

A

proportion of collagen and elastin
structural orientation

188
Q

collagen absorbs most of the _____ force

A

tensile

189
Q

collagen elongated quick under ___ loads as tension ____ fibers stiffen

A

light
increases

190
Q

collagen is ___ stronger than elastin

A

5x

191
Q

collagen resists_________ forces

A

deforming

192
Q

elastin provides

A

extensibility

193
Q

ground substance PG absorbs the ______ forces

A

compressive

194
Q

collagen fibers random
weak resist tension

A

skin

195
Q

major joint ligament more patrols
lager cross sect area

A

ligaments joint capsule fascia

196
Q

collagen fibers are parallel
resist greatest tensile loads

A

tendons

197
Q

strength of connective tissue is related to ability to ___ a load or stress

A

resist

198
Q

force per unit area
internal reaction or resistance to external

A

stress

199
Q

stretching force applied perpendicular to cross sec area, direction away from tissue

A

tension

200
Q

compressive force applied perpendicular to cross sectional area of tissue in direction towards tissue

A

compression

201
Q

force parallel to cross sectional area

A

shear

202
Q

the amount of deformation that occurs when load (stress) is applied is

A

strain

203
Q

mechanical deformation of connective tissue

A

strain

204
Q

mechanical strength of connective tissue structures

A

stress strain curve

205
Q

slack taken up as the wavy collagen fibers straighten

A

toe region

206
Q

deformation (strain) is directly proportional to ability of collagen to resist force (stress)

tissue return to its original size and shape when load is released

A

elastic region

207
Q

point beyond which the tissue will not return to original shape and size

A

elastic limit

208
Q

range beyond elastic limit to point of tissue rupture

tissue strained within this range will have perm deformation

A

plastic range

209
Q

weakening of tissue
less force needed to continue deformation
failure rapidly

A

Necking

210
Q

load at the time of tissue failure

A

breaking strength

211
Q

loss of integrity of tissue

A

failure

212
Q

load beyond elastic limit that produces permanent deformation within tissue

once point is reached there is permanent tissue deformation

single load or multiple submaximal loads

A

yield strength

213
Q

greatest load the tissue sustain

A

ultimate strength

214
Q

influences on stress strain curve

A

resilience
toughness
creep
structural stiffness
heat production
fatigue

215
Q

ability to absorb energy within elastic range

A

resilience

216
Q

ability to absorb energy within plastic range
too much energy is absorbed rupture will occur

A

toughness

217
Q

stiffer tissue has higher slope in elastic range
less deformation with greater amount of stress
contractures and scar tissue

A

structural stiffness

218
Q

energy is released as heat when stress is applied, tissue distends easier as it is heated

A

heat production

219
Q

elongation of tissue resulting in perm deformation/ failure

A

creep

220
Q

dependent upon amount of force and rate at which force applied

A

greater load more rapid rate of creep

221
Q

Lesser loads for longer time will result in greater deformation

Increased temp increases creep
greater dispensablity

A
222
Q

cyclic loading of tissue may cause failure if time is not allowed for tissue to repair

A

fatigue

223
Q

greater applied load ____cycles needed to produce tissue dialtire

A

fewer

224
Q

most functional activity occurs in ___ region

A

toe

225
Q

tissue taken through ROM with gentle stretch puts tissue in

A

elastic region

226
Q

complete recovery from normal deformation

A

elastic region

227
Q

individual fibers do not ____ they rupture

A

stretch

228
Q

rupturing of fibers in plastic range results in increased length

A

deformation is perm

229
Q

max load and strength reached there is increased strain without an increase in ____

A

stress

230
Q

if stress is maintained in ___ period the tissue rapidly fail

A

necking

231
Q

creep allows rearrangement of fibers bonds and ___ redistribution

A

water

232
Q

increased tissue temp will increase

A

creep

233
Q

cyclic loading or repeated stress incaresed heat production and tissue ___

A

remodeling

234
Q

tissue failure can occur from either a single event (acute strain) or from respective submaximal stress (overuse)

A
235
Q

remodeling capabilities of connective tissue allow tissue to respond to report ive loads of time is allowed between ____ repair

A

tissue

236
Q

age or injury more precaution because

A

collagen loses elasticity
decreased ground substance
blood supply reduces healing

237
Q

collagen turnover
weak bonds between new unstressed fibers

A

weakening of tissue

238
Q

greater cross linking between disorganized fibers and

decreased effectiveness of ground substance maintains space and lubrication

A

adhesion formation

239
Q

returning to normal takes __ months of cyclic loading

A

5

240
Q

increased compliance of tissue due to increase of elastic

A

effects of inactivity

241
Q

decreased max tensile strength
rate of adaption to stress is slower
increased tendency for overuse syndrome

A

effects of age

242
Q

effect on mechanical properties of collagen

deceased tensile strength
fibrofuyebdesth next to injection site delay up to 15 weeks

A

Effects of corticosteroids

243
Q

connective tissue repair with modalities

A

electrical stimulation
superficial/ deep Heat

244
Q

controlled stress with

A

ROM progression
grade I and II joint mobs
joint loading
functional activity

245
Q

act of rubbing, kneading, stroking parts of body with hand or instrument

A

massage

246
Q

pain killing chemicals released by massage more potent than morphine

A

endorphins

247
Q

reflexive effects of massage

A

pain
circulation
metabolism

248
Q

benefits of reflexive

A

series of responses occur as result of sensory stimulus of cutaneous receptors

249
Q

effects on pain

A

gate control theory - stimulation of large afferent fibers blocks transmission of pain info carried to small fibers

250
Q

stimulation of painful areas can facilitate release of endorphins and enkephalins

affects pain info in spinal tracts

A

release of endogenous opiates

251
Q

blood trapped in extremity

A

venostasis

252
Q

excess interstitial fluid

A

edema

253
Q

vessels emptied during massage through mechanical action as well as increased sympathetic activity

A

Vasodilation

254
Q

effects on circulation

A

histamine release
lymphatic flow increase

255
Q

techniques that stretch muscle elongate fascia or mobilize soft tissue adhesive are all

A

mechanical techniques

256
Q

massage toughens yet softens skin (removed dead cells) stretches sup tissues

loosens adhesions and scar tissue (fibrous)

assist venous and lymphatic flow

A
257
Q

_______ effect helps patients feels as if someone is helping them

A

hands on

258
Q

massage releases

A

serotonin/ dopamine

259
Q

massage decreases
pain
neuromuscular excitability
lactic acid
edema
myofascial trigger points
scar tissue
adhesions
muscle spasm / cramps

A
260
Q

massage increase
healing
circulation
joint mob
healing
blood flow
ROM

A
261
Q

massage contraindications
conditions spread along skin
acute inflammation - RA
loss of skin or joint integerify -SI subluxation

A
262
Q

____ most important tool in massage therapy

A

hands

263
Q

pressure determined by type of amount of tissue present (comfort of pt)

rhythm steady and even

duration depends on patho, size, age, condition

when edema is present
no pain or create ecchymosis

A
264
Q

direction of force should be in direction of muscle fibers and circulatory flow

begin and end with effleurage

elevate body part if necessary/ possible
use lubricant

A
265
Q

position right so you don’t perform a strain

stroke should begin at or below joint and end above the joint

line with venous flow

A
266
Q

use of massage to increase ROM

A

mechanical touch

267
Q

support and general relaxation

A

expressive touch

268
Q

use caution for analgesic creams
and remove excess with towel and alc

ask patient about allergies (unscented)

A
269
Q

prone position
pillows under ____ and ____

A

stomach ankles
neck shoulders back butt posterior UE LE

270
Q

supine position
pillows under ___ and ____

A

head and knees
face neck chest anterior UE and LE

271
Q

supine positioning
pillows under ___ and ____

A

head knees
face neck chest anterior UE LE

272
Q

ultize seating when ___ is too painful

A

prone
neck upper back shoulder

273
Q

targeted treatment to reduce pain

A

hoffa massage technique

274
Q

classical massage technique
Four basic strokes are ______

A

effleurage
petrissage
tapotement
vibration

275
Q

any stroke that glides over skin without attempt to move deep muscle mass

A

effleurage

276
Q

gliding horizontal stroke, most used
pressure drag speed direction rhythm
light to mod pressure
increase depth gradually

A

effleurage

277
Q

technique that is a kneading manipulation

A

petrissage

278
Q

knee or milk the muscle in vertical direction
compress lift
stimulates muscle spindle/ golgi tendon
softens fascia pliable
Skin rolling
rhythmic hand over hand
compress 45 to push tissue

A

petrissage

279
Q

hands relaxed
penetrating effect that stimulates subcutaneous
stimulate flow of blood
stimulate peripheral nerve endings

A

tapotement

280
Q

a percussion massage, hacking cupping slapping beating tapping and pinching

A

tapotement

281
Q

a fine tremulous movement made by hand or fingers placed firmly against a part causing part to vibrate

A

vibration

282
Q

vibration causes trembling movement from ____ through ____

A

forearm
elbow

283
Q

technique performs with small circular motions that penetrate into depth of muscle tendon or ligament
not by moving finger on skin -

by moving tissues under skin

A

friction massage

284
Q

loosen adherent fibrous tissue
inflammation decrease
absorption of local edema
reduce local spams
provide deep pressure over triggers

A

friction massage

285
Q

in chronic inflammation the process gets ___ and is never completed

A

stuck

286
Q

increases inflammation to point where process gets completed and healing can progress

A

friction massage

287
Q

place tissue on slight stretch
thumb or index to exert deep pressure perpendicular to tissue
7-10 min every other day
apply ice to and following

A

friction massage

288
Q

technique of using finger pressure over acupuncture or trigger points to decrease pain

A

acupressure / trigger point massage

289
Q

systems of forces whose interplay is thought to regulate all bodily functions

no distinction between blood vessels/ nerves

A

acupuncture points

290
Q

areas of increased electrochemical activity

A

trigger points

291
Q

friction like circular motions
thumb index middle finger elbow
more pressure more effective
painful intial my
1-5 minutes per pint

A

acupuncture/ trigger point

292
Q

group of techniques used for purpose of relieving soft tissue form and normal grip of tight fascia

A

myofasical release

293
Q

normal sequence
1 light effleurage
2 deep effleurage
3 petrissage
4 tapotement (accupressure/trigger point/ friction)
5 petrissage
6 deep effleurage
7 deep effleurage

A
294
Q

work from ___ body to ____ body

A

upper
lower

295
Q

start with client ___

A

prone

296
Q

assist with client turning over to ___

A

supine

297
Q

continue with lower body to upper body ending with ___ head and ____

A

neck head face

298
Q

locate target issue
integrity of tissues
confirm treatment spot

A
299
Q

heavy to light is ____
light to heavy is

A

oxford
de lorme

300
Q

allows for increased intensity

A

de lorme

301
Q

DAPRE is _ reps and _ sets

A

6
4

302
Q

strengthen and stiffness more collagen more stable
stronger than elastin

A

collagen fibers

303
Q

extensibility w small loads will break quickly

A

elastin fibers

304
Q

bulk- reticulin fiber

________reduces frictions provides nutrients gets rid of space cross link and compressive forces

A

ground substance

305
Q

skin is random collagen fibers
ligaments/ capsule/ fascia more parallel
tendons- parallel/ most tensile

A
306
Q

forces out on it

A

stress

307
Q

pulling away from force

A

tension

308
Q

pushing down towards tissue (joints)

A

compression

309
Q

parallel force

A

shear

310
Q

tissue will deform to a certain extent

A

strain

311
Q

slack taken up as collagen straighten

A

toe region (daily life)

312
Q

stress pulls apart gets to limit then return to original state (ROM)

A

elastic range

313
Q

feeling stretch cannot go past

A

elastic limit/ plastic range

314
Q

grade 3 is full tear
don’t want necking
necking- tissue will rupture and break
breaking strength/ tissue fails
failure - loss of integrity of tissue

A

why we go slow

315
Q

ability to absorb within elastic range

A

resilience

316
Q

ability to absorb energy in plastic range

A

toughness

317
Q

elongation of tissue resulting in deformation of tissue due to stress

A

creep

318
Q

go to elastic limit further would be Y increase extensibility;
warmup
treadmill , hot pack

A
319
Q

more quickly in slow twitch fibers

A

atrophy (postural muscles) 3 days - week recovery

320
Q

tension speed
go slow
staying away from muscle spindles (stretching)

A

muscle spindle fiber

321
Q

needs to be activated
picks up tension of stretch
hold more relax more - ROM

A

Golgi tendon organ

322
Q

agonist contraction

A

autogenic inhibition

323
Q

contract agonist , antagonist relax

A

reciprocal inhibition

324
Q

no muscle pathology present (short time)

A

myostatkc

325
Q

CNS lesion, spascity/ rigidity

A

pseudomyostatic

326
Q

intrarticular pathology adhesion
osteophyte formation joint effusion

A

arthrogenic

327
Q

cannot be revered by non surgical intervention

A

fibrotic

328
Q

stretch for 30 sec
hold 1 min - gastro
5-10 sec hold manual

A

Therax (8 decks)

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