Exam 3: weeks 7 - 11 Flashcards
What is delusional disorder
false thoughts > 1 month
- can be grandiose, persecutory, somatic, or referential
- not severe enough to impair functioning
What is Schizophreniform disorder
Same symptoms as schizophrenia but < 6 months in duration
- may or may not recover
- impairment may not be apparent
What is substance-induced psychotic disorder
Delusions/hallucinations caused by drugs, alcohol, or toxins
- must be ruled out before a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be made
What is psychotic disorder related to a medical condition
Delusions or hallucinations caused by delirium, neurological disease, hepatic disease, renal disease, and many more
- must rule this out before a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be made
What is brief psychotic disorder
Same symptoms of schizophrenia lasting more than 1 day but not more than 1 month
- returns to baseline
What is schizoaffective disorder
Major depressive, manic, or mixed episode as well as schizophrenia symptoms
- schizophrenia + bipolar
what is schizophrenia
Psychosis for > 6 months
- hallucinations
- delusions
- disorganized speech
- disorganized/catatonic behavior
- negative symptoms
- functional impairment
What are the phases of schizophrenia
Prodromal: onset, mild changes
Acute: exacerbation of symptoms
Stabilization: symptoms diminish
Maintenance/residual: back to baseline/new baseline
What are the different types of symptoms seen in schizophrenia
positive: delusions & hallucinations
negative: anhedonia, social discomfort
cognitive: disorganized or irrational thoughts
affective: involves emotions and expression
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
altered reality: delusions
altered speech
altered perception: hallucinations
What are some types of speech alterations
associative looseness: word salad
clang association: meaningless rhyming words
neoglisms: only mean something to the patient
echolalia: repeating another’s words
circumstantiality: adding unnecessary/tedious details
tangentiality: wanders off topic
cognitive retardation: slowed thinking
pressured speech: urgent/intense speech
flight of ideas: from one topic to the next
symbolic speech: using symbols to describe things (demons are sticking needles in me = sharp pain)
What are some examples of thought disorders/distortions
thought blocking: can’t think
thought insertion: someone else inserted thoughts in your brain; thoughts aren’t your own
thought deletion: someone took your thought or its missing
magical thinking: thinking your thoughts/actions affect others consequences
paranoia: irrational fear
What are some alterations in perception
- hallucinations
- illusions (misinterpreting something that’s real)
- depersonalization
- derealization
What are some alterations in behavior
catatonia (waxy flexibility)
motor retardation
motor agitation
stereotyped behaviors (mechanical/purposeless)
echopraxia (mimicking movement)
negativism (active - doing the opposite of what you’re told; negative - not doing what is expected)
impaired impulse control
gesturing/posturing
boundary impairment
What are some negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Anhedonia (loss of interest)
avolition (loss of motivation)
asociality (loss of social motivation)
affective blunting (flat affect)
apathy (not caring)
alogia (loss of speech)
