Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CM 1112 > Exam 3 Vocab (3&4) > Flashcards

Exam 3 Vocab (3&4) Flashcards

1
Q

The thin layer beneath the bark of a tree that manufactures cells of wood and bark.

A

Cambium:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The living wood in the outer region of a tree trunk or branch.

A

Sapwood:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The dead wood cells in the center region of a tree trunk.

A

Heartwood:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A complex polymeric carbohydrate of which the structural fibers in wood are composed.

A

Cellulose:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The natural cementing substance that binds together the cellulose in wood.

A

Lignin:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In wood, the direction of the longitudinal axes of the wood fibers or the figure formed by the fibers. In stone, see Quarry bed (A plane in a building stone that was horizontal before the stone was cut from the quarry; also called grain).

A

Grain:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In wood, the portion of the growth ring comprised of relatively larger, less dense cells; also called earlywood.

A

Springwood:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lumber sawn in such a way that significant portions of the growth rings are oriented roughly flat relative to the board’s broader face.

A

Plainsawn lumber:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wood from coniferous (evergreen) trees.

A

Softwood:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For softwoods, lumber sawn in such a way that growth rings are aligned at an angle of approximately 45 degrees or steeper relative to the board’s broader face. For hardwoods, sawn such that the growth rings are aligned at an angle of approximately 60 degrees or steeper to the broader face.

A

Quartersawn lumber:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The longitudinal cells in a softwood.

A

Tracheid:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A tubular cell that runs radially in a tree trunk.

A

Ray:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

See Sole plate. Bound water in wood, the water held within the cellulose of the cell walls. See also Free water.

A

Bottom plate:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The moisture content at which wood stabilizes after a period of time in its destination environment.

A

Equilibrium moisture content (EMC):

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The drying of wood, to bring its moisture content into equilibrium with ambient conditions.

In wood, shrinkage along the length of the log.

A

Seasoning:

Longitudinal shrinkage:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In wood, shrinkage perpendicular to the growth rings.

A

Radial shrinkage:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In wood, shrinkage along the circumference of the log.

A

Tangential shrinkage:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A growth characteristic in wood, occurring where a branch joined the trunk of the tree from which the wood was sawed.

A

Knot:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A curl in the cross section of a board or timber caused by unequal shrinkage or expansion between one side of the board and the other.

A

Cup:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

An irregular rounding of a long edge of a piece of dimension lumber caused by cutting the lumber from too near the outside surface of the log.

A

Wane:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The grading of wood for its structural properties, based on visual inspection, as distinct from machine grading; not to be confused with appearance grading.

A

Visual grading:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The grading of wood for its structural properties, performed by automated machinery, as distinct from visual grading.

A

Machine grading:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The grading of wood for its appearance, as distinct from its structural properties; not to be confused with visual grading.

A

Appearance grading:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

An approximate dimension assigned to a piece of material as a convenience in describing its size, as distinct from its actual dimension.

A

Nominal dimension:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The true dimension of a material, as distinct from its nominal dimension.

A

Actual dimension:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A unit of lumber volume, nominally 12 square inches in crosssectional area and 1 foot long.

A

Board foot:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Wood cladding made up of boards, as differentiated from shingles or manufactured wood panels.

A

Board siding:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Lengths of wood, rectangular in cross section, sawed directly from the log.

A

Dimension lumber:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Standing trees; a large piece of dimension lumber.

A

Timber:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A thin layer, sheet, or facing.

A

Veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A thin sheet of wood produced by rotating a log against a long, sharp knife blade in a lathe.

A

Rotary-sliced veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Thin sheets of wood produced by pressing a knife against a log.

A

Sliced veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Thin sheets of wood produced by sawing, rather than slicing with a knife blade.

A

Sawn veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Veneer sliced from a log without regard to the direction of the annual rings, as distinct from quartersliced.

A

Plainsliced veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Veneer sliced in such a way that the annual rings appear closely spaced and run roughly perpendicular to the face of each veneer.

A

Quartersliced veneer:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

A collection of solid wood members or veneers, all cut from a single log.

A

Flitch:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A wood member made up of a large number of small strips of wood glued together.

A

Glue-laminated wood:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

A shorthand expression for glue-laminated wood.

A

Glulam:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Structural panels fabricated from solid lumber pieces, with members in each layer alternating in orientation from those above and below; used as structural floor, wall, and roof elements.

A

Cross-laminated timber (CLT):

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Substitutes for solid lumber made from wood veneers or wood fiber strands and glue; also called engineered lumber.

A

Structural composite lumber:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

glued shredded wood strips on wood

A

Laminated strand lumber (LSL):

Oriented strand lumber (OSL):

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

glued full depth veneers

A

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL):

43
Q

glued veneer strips

A

Parallel strand lumber (PSL):

44
Q

A manufactured wood framing member whose cross-sectional shape resembles the letter I.

A

I-joist:

45
Q

Wood-like products made from wood fibers, plastics of various types, and other additives, with a plastic content not exceeding 50 percent.

A

Wood-plastic composite (WPC):

46
Q

A beam, truss, or slab that extends beyond its last point of support.

A

Cantilever:

47
Q

Lumber-like products with a plastic content of 50 percent or more.

A

Plastic lumber:

48
Q

Lumber-like plastic members, reinforced with glass fibers, and formulated to be roughly as strong as conventional solid wood.

A

Structural-grade plastic lumber (SGPL):

49
Q

A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.

A

Plywood:

50
Q

A building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.

A

Oriented strand board (OSB):

51
Q

A building panel composed of small particles of wood bonded together under pressure.

A

Particleboard:

52
Q

A fine-grained wood fiber and resin panel product.

A

Medium-density fiberboard (MDF):

53
Q

In plywood, lightly sanded to produce a smoother, flatter surface.

A

Touch sanded:

54
Q

A medium-weight, resin-treated overlay applied to plywood panels to achieve a smoother, more durable face.

A

Medium-density overlay (MDO): A

55
Q

A resintreated overlay applied to plywood panels to achieve a smoother, more durable face.

A method of constructing a reinforced masonry wall in which the reinforcing bars are embedded in grout in story-high increments.

A

High-density overlay (HDO):

High-lift grouting:

56
Q

The number stamped on a sheet of plywood or other wood building panel to indicate how far in inches it may span between supports.

A

Span rating:

57
Q

A system for specifying the nominal thickness of a structural wood panel.

A

Performance category:

58
Q

A very dense panel product, usually with at least one smooth face, made of highly compressed wood fibers.

A

Hardboard:

59
Q

Wood that has been impregnated with preservative chemicals to increase its resistance to decay and biological attack; also commonly called pressure-treated wood.

A

Preservative-treated wood:

60
Q

Wood that has been impregnated with chemicals under pressure for the purpose of retarding decay or reducing combustibility.

A

Pressure-treated wood:

61
Q

A chemical used to protect wood against attack by decay and insects. Due to toxicity concerns, this chemical has been phased out of most treated wood used in residential and commercial building construction.

A

Chromated copper arsenate (CCA):

62
Q

A chemical used to preserve wood against attack by decay and insects.

A

Alkaline copper quat (ACQ):

63
Q

A chemical used to preserve wood against attack by decay and insects.

A

Copper boron azole (CBA and CA):

64
Q

A chemical used to preserve wood against attack by decay and insects.

A

Sodium borate (SBX):

65
Q

Short, repetitive cuts made in the surface of a wood member to increase its absorption of treatment chemicals.

A

Incising:

66
Q

A sharp-pointed metal pin used for fastening wood.

A

Nail:

67
Q

A standard-sized nail used for the fastening of rough framing members in wood light frame construction.

A

Common nail:

68
Q

A nail with a slenderer shank than a common nail; used for fastening framing members in wood light frame construction.

A

Box nail:

69
Q

A relatively thin nail with a very small head; used for fastening trim and other finish woodwork items.

A

Finish nail:

70
Q

A small finish nail.

A

Brad:

71
Q

A machine used to form lengths of sheet metal into bent shapes.

A

Brake:

72
Q

A designation of nail size, abbreviated as “d.”

A

Penny (d):

73
Q

A large-diameter wood screw with a square or hexagonal head. Self-drilling wood screw

A

Lag screw:

74
Q

A fastener, usually metallic, consisting of a cylindrical body with a head at one end and a helical thread at the other, intended to be inserted through holes in adjoining pieces of material and closed with a threaded nut.

A

Bolt:

75
Q

A fastener, usually metallic, with internal helical threads, used to close a bolt.

A

Nut:

76
Q

A steel disk with a hole in the middle, used to spread the load from a bolt, screw, or nail across a wider area of material.

A

Washer:

77
Q

A multipronged fastener made from stamped sheet metal, used to join members of a lightwood wood truss.

A

Toothed plate:

78
Q

A sheet metal device used to create a structural connection where a joist is framed into a header or a ledger.

A

Joist hanger:

79
Q

An organic compound known to cause a range of adverse human health effects, traditionally used in the manufacture of wood product adhesives and binders. See also Phenolformaldehyde and Urea-formaldehyde.

A

Formaldehyde:

80
Q

A structural wood adhesive and binder, suitable for exterior exposure, and associated with relatively low formaldehyde gas emissions.

A

Phenol-formaldehyde (PF):

81
Q

A structural wood adhesive, not suitable for exterior exposure, and associated with relatively high formaldehyde gas emissions.

A

Urea-formaldehyde (UF):

82
Q

A triangulated arrangement of structural members that reduces monaxial external forces to a set of axial forces in its members. See also Vierendeel truss.

A

Truss:

83
Q

A panel consisting of two face sheets of wood panel bonded together by plastic foam core.

A

Structural insulated panel (SIP):

84
Q

A panel consisting of two outer faces of wood, metal, gypsum, or concrete bonded to a core of insulating foam.

A

Sandwich panel:

85
Q

A panel consisting of two face sheets of wood, metal, or concrete bonded to perpendicular spacer ribs or framing members such that the panel can act as a composite structural panel.

A

Stressed-skin panel (SSP):

86
Q

A method of prefabricated wood light frame construction, in which whole sections of walls or floors are framed and sheathed in the factory and then transported to the construction site for erection.

A

Panelized construction:

87
Q

A transportable house that is entirely factory built on a steel underframe supported by wheels; euphemistically referred to as a mobile home.

A

Manufactured home:

88
Q

A house assembled on the site from boxlike factory-built sections.

A

Modular home:

89
Q

Mud plaster (daub) applied to a primitive lath of woven twigs or reeds (wattle).

A

Wattle and daub:

90
Q

A framing member cut from a bent tree so as to form one-half of a rigid frame.

A

Cruck:

91
Q

A type of wood construction made from large wood members and solid timber decking in a post-and-beam configuration; in the International Building Code, buildings of Type IV HT construction, consisting of heavy timber interior construction and noncombustible exterior walls, which are considered to have moderate fire-resistive properties.

A

Heavy Timber Construction:

92
Q

The traditional name for a construction type consisting of exterior masonry bearing walls and an interior framework of heavy timbers and solid timber decking; also called slow-burn construction.

A

Mill construction:

93
Q

A flattening of a longitudinal edge of a solid member on a plane that lies at an angle of 45 degrees to the adjoining planes.

A

Chamfer:

94
Q

A sloping end cut on a wood beam or joist where it enters a masonry wall.

A

Firecut:

95
Q

An interlocking edge detail for joining planks or panels.

A

Tongue and Groove:

96
Q

A wood member made up of a large number of small strips of wood glued together.

A

Glue-laminated wood:

97
Q

A plane of framing consisting of beams and columns joined together, often with rigid joints.

A

Bent:

98
Q

A beam that spans across the slope of a steep roof to support the roof decking.

A

Purlin:

99
Q

A connection designed to resist only the tendency of one member to slide past the other, and not, as in a moment connection, to resist any tendency of the members to rotate with respect to one another; in steel frame construction, a simple connection.

A

Shear connection:

100
Q

Two columns and a beam or beams attached to one another with moment connections; a moment-resisting frame.

A

Rigid frame:

101
Q

A steel rod that acts in tension.

A

Tie rod:

102
Q

A structural device that supports a vertical load by translating it into axial inclined forces at its supports.

A

Arch:

103
Q

A set of legal regulations that mandate performance outcomes rather than specific construction details and practices.

A

Performance-based building code:

104
Q

A set of legal regulations that mandate specific construction details and practices rather than establish performance standards.

A

Prescriptive building code:

CM 1112 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions