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Pharm 2 > Exam 3: Units 4 and 5 > Flashcards

Exam 3: Units 4 and 5 Flashcards

1
Q

albuterol is a ____ acting bronchodilator

A

short-acting
(SABA)

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2
Q

class albuterol

A

B2 agonist (bronchodilator)

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3
Q

MOA albuterol

A

binds to beta receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle

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4
Q

albuterol is indicated for

A

acute asthma attacks

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5
Q

albuterol should be given _____ steroids

A

before steroids

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6
Q

albuterol is contraindicated in

A

hypersensitivity

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7
Q

3 side effects of albuterol (3 T’s)

A

Tremor
Tachycardia
Trouble sleeping

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8
Q

2 drug classes that can interact with albuterol

A

NSAIDs
Beta blockers

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9
Q

____ before taking albuterol

A

shake it

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10
Q

albuterol inhalants may cause an _____ infection

A

upper respiratory infection

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11
Q

avoid taking albuterol at

A

bedtime

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12
Q

class ipratropium

A

anticholinergic bronchodilator

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13
Q

MOA ipratropium

A

blocks cholinergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle to dilate the airway

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14
Q

ipratropium + albuterol combination therapy is contraindicated in those with this allergy

A

peanut allergy

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15
Q

2 main indications for ipratropium

A

COPD
asthma

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16
Q

ipratropium is contraindicated in patients with these 4 allergies

A

atropine
soya lecithin
soybean
peanuts

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17
Q

main side effect with ipratropium

A

DRYING anticholinergic effects

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18
Q

ipratropium may have a _____ taste

A

bitter taste - teach pt to rinse mouth after use

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19
Q

class beclomethasone

A

corticosteroid

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20
Q

MOA beclomethasone

A

decreases local inflammation and immune response

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21
Q

beclomethasone is NOT for

A

acute asthma attacks

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22
Q

administer beclomethasone ______ bronchodilators

A

after bronchodilators

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23
Q

beclomethasone is the ______ for long-term tx of asthma

A

first line of treatment for long-term asthma management

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24
Q

beclomethasone is contraindicated in

A

hypersensitivity

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25
main side effect with beclomethasone
fungal infections - teach pt to rinse mouth after use
26
class montelukast
leukotriene receptor inhibitor
27
MOA montelukast
decrease the effect of leukotrienes (inflammatory chemicals) by blocking their receptors
28
main indication for montelukast
asthma
29
black box warning for montelukast
rare neuropsychiatric events
30
montelukast is contraindicated in
hypersensitivity
31
main nursing consideration with montelukast
monitor liver function regularly = a side effect of this medication is abnormal liver function tests
32
should montelukast be used for an acute asthma attack?
no
33
class theophylline
methylxanthine
34
main indication for theophylline
long-term control of asthma and/or COPD
35
MOA theophylline
directly dilates bronchi
36
2 main side effects with theophylline (life-threatening)
Seizures Cardiac dysrhythmias
37
theophylline is incompatible with many
IV drugs
38
patients who take theophylline and smoke require
much higher doses for efficacy
39
avoid these two food items while taking theophylline
caffeine charcoal-broiled meats
40
avoid this kind of diet while taking theophylline
high-protein diet
41
patient should increase this with theophylline
fluid intake
42
H1 blockers are mainly used for these 5 things
allergies motion sickness insomnia urticaria Parkinson's
43
H2 blockers are mainly used for these 2 things
PUD GERD
44
which generation of antihistamines is more likely to cause drowsiness and why
1st generation Can cross the BBB and bind to the H1 receptors in the brain
45
class diphenhydramine (and generation)
H1 antagonist 1st generation antihistamine
46
MOA diphenhydramine
blocks H1 receptors
47
diphenhydramine has ____ effects
anticholinergic
48
3 main side effects with first generation antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
anticholinergic effects sedation tachycardia
49
diphenhydramine is contraindicated in
neonates
50
diphenhydramine may cause this paradoxical rxn
euphoria excitement
51
d/c diphenhydramine before
allergy testing
52
patient should take diphenhydramine at this time
at bedtime
53
class fexofenadine (and generation)
H1 blocker 2nd generation antihistamine
54
MOA fexofenadine
blocks H1 receptors
55
fexofenadine has _____ effects
anticholinergic effects
56
2 main indications for fexofenadine
allergic rhinitis (runny nose) urticaria
57
fexofenadine is contraindicated in
hypersensitivity
58
use fexofenadine with caution in patients with this kind of disease
renal/hepatic disease
59
main side effect with fexofenadine (very mild)
headache - medication is generally well-tolerated
60
fexofenadine has decreased absorption with these two things
fruit juices antacids
61
main nursing consideration with fexofenadine
do not give with fruit juices or antacids
62
fexofenadine is not recommended for use with
pregnancy or lactation
63
class fluticasone
corticosteroid
64
MOA fluticasone
decrease local inflammation and inflammatory response
65
main indication for fluticasone
rhinitis
66
fluticasone is contraindicated in these two things
hypersensitivity active infection
67
main side effect with fluticasone
candidiasis infection - instruct pt to rinse mouth after use
68
this candy can increase the effects of fluticasone
black licorice
69
do this before using fluticasone
shake well before using
70
wait this long in between puffs of fluticasone
1 minute
71
class pseudoephedrine
decongestant sympathomimetic
72
MOA pseudoephedrine
causes vasoconstriction leading to relief of congestion of the nasal passages and eustachian tubes
73
main indication for pseudoephedrine
nasal/ear congestion "I am FED up with my congestion, so I will take pseudoePHEDrine"
74
side effects of pseudoephedrine are similar to that of
albuterol (3 T's) -tachycardia -tremors -trouble sleeping
75
avoid this drink while taking pseudoephedrine
caffeine
76
do not take pseudoephedrine at
bedtime
77
class dextromethorphan
antitussive
78
dextromethorphan is chemically similar to
opioids
79
MOA dextromethorphan
suppresses cough reflex in the medulla
80
main indication for dextromethorphan
non-productive cough
81
black box warning for dextromethorphan
not to be used in children under 6 years old
82
dextromethorphan may cause this in children under 2 years old
fatal respiratory depression
83
dextromethorphan is used in extreme caution with all
children
84
dextromethorphan mainly causes these 3 side effects
drowsiness dizziness sedation
85
check with provider if a patient's cough lasts longer than ______ while on dextromethorphan
7-10 days
86
class guaifenesin
expectorant
87
MOA guaifenesin
reduces viscosity of respiratory secretions
88
main indication for gauifenesin
non-productive cough "gauif" sounds like "cough"
89
2 contraindications with gauifenesin
use in children pregnancy/lactation
90
side effects with gauifenesin are
rare - med is generally well tolerated
91
if taking guaifenesin, notify the provider if cough lasts longer than _____, or if this skin presentation occurs
cough lasting longer than 7 days if a rash appears on the skin
92
class acetylcysteine
mucolytic
93
acetylcysteine is the antidote for
acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose
94
MOA acetylcysteine (in respiratory sense)
changes chemical structure of respiratory secretions to help reduce viscosity
95
acetylcysteine is mainly indicated for
Cystic Fibrosis
96
main side effect with acetylcysteine
bronchospasms
97
when treating an acetaminophen (Tylenol) OD, give acetylcysteine
IMMEDIATELY
98
order of administration with asthma: "AIM"
A: albuterol I: ipratropium M: methylprednisolone (steroids)

Pharm 2 (8 decks)

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